Emndenini onenkanyezi kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile lwezidalwa zenhlalo kakhulu - umfundisi... Kuyaqabukela ubone inyoni eyodwa, zihlala ngamaqembu amashumi, noma ngisho namakhulu abantu. Lapho indiza, zibukeka njengefu elimpinki elingavamile. Yize izinyoni ziyizihlobo eziseduze zezinkanyezi ezivamile, ziyehluka ngobuntu bazo obukhethekile nangendlela abaphila ngayo.
Incazelo nezici
Igama lenyoni libonisa isici esiyinhloko - umbala we-pastel pink wezimpaphe zesifuba, isisu, izinhlangothi, emuva. Umbala omnyama ohlukanisayo ne-metallic sheen umboza ikhanda, intamo yonke, isifuba esingenhla, izimpiko, umsila wenkanyezi.
Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onsomi uvela ezindizeni nasemsileni. Ngemuva kokuncibilika ekwindla, umbala ompunga uvela ngombala wezinyoni omnyama, isihlabathi kupinki. Isitayela sezimpaphe sivame ukuqhathaniswa negwababa, kuphela sinohlelo lombala omnyama nampunga.
Inkanyezi epinki esithombeni kubukeka njengesiqhwaga. Ngemuva kwekhanda, izimpaphe ezinde ziba yinto ehlekisayo, evezwe kakhulu kowesilisa. Umsila mfushane. Uqhwaku lwommeleli opinki wama-congeners lujiyile futhi lufushane kunalolo lwezinhlobo ezivamile.
Umbala wayo ushintsha kusuka kupinki ojulile ebusika nasentwasahlobo ube mnyama nsundu ehlobo nasekwindla. Isimo somlomo sikhonjisiwe. Ukubukeka kwabesilisa kukhanya kakhulu kunokwabesifazane. Izinyoni ezincane azikhanyi ngemibala - izimpaphe zimpunga ngokumpunga ngenhla, zinesihlabathi - ngezansi.
Ubukhulu bezinyoni ezindala buyafana nobezinye izinkanyezi - umzimba ungama-19-25 cm, amaphiko ephiko cishe angama-14 cm, isisindo salowo muntu sifinyelela kuma-90 amagremu.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-pink starling ibhekwa njengenyoni yomphakathi yemihlambi emikhulu. Imiphakathi emikhulu yakha amakoloni amakhulu. Ehlobo, amakhulu ezinkanyezi ahamba futhi adle emihlambini emikhulu, futhi achithe ubusuku ngamaqembu ahlukene.
Ebusika, imiphakathi ifaka amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu, kwesinye isikhathi ixubana nezinye izinyoni: amagwababa, ondlunkulu, upholi bomgexo. Akukho nolaka phakathi kwabo.
Uma ziqhathaniswa nezinkanyezi ezijwayelekile, izinyoni ezibomvana zihamba kakhulu, zimboza amabanga amade, zibuyela ezindaweni zazo zangaphambili. Lapho indiza, ngenxa yokushaywa kwamaphiko kaningi, iba nesivinini esikhulu.
Emikhubeni, efana izihlobo zezinkanyezi ezibomvana, bagijime benqekuzisa amakhanda, behlakazeke phansi, befuna ukudla.
Ukuzingela izinyoni kuhlelekile. Ifu lale nyoni, njengokungathi lisezingeni elilodwa, lihamba liqonde ohlangothini olulodwa, lihlwithe inyamazane esitendeni sotshani: izinkumbi nezintethe. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezinyoni lingaba ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Kukhona ukudla okwanele kuwo wonke umuntu, kufaka phakathi inzalo encane. Izinkampani ezinobungane, njengokungathi ziyalelwe, ziya endaweni entsha.
Izinhlobo
Uhlobo lwenkanyezi lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 zezinyoni ezinendlela efanayo yokuphila. Inkanyezi ebomvana ingenye yazo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadidaniswa nohlobo olusondele lwesihlobo saseBrahminian, oluhlukaniswa ngombala onsundu okhanyayo onombala obomvu, izindawo zesikhumba ezingenazo izimpaphe ngemuva kwamehlo namaphiko amaningi ayindilinga.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziyefana ngendlela yokuphila, kepha isihlobo saseBrahminian sivame ukubonwa lapho kuhlala khona abantu.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
Inyoni ebomvana epinki eyaziwa kahle e-Asia Ephakathi, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu. ERussia, izinyoni zitholakala enyakatho yeSiberia, eCaucasus naseCrimea. Ubusika benziwa eningizimu yeYurophu, eNyakatho Melika noma eNdiya.
Izinyoni ziyabuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho kwezinye izindawo kusekhona iqhwa elingancibiliki, kepha inkathi yokukhwelana iqala ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho amaphuphu esevele ekhula kwezinye izinyoni zasentwasahlobo.
Ama-pink starlings asebenzisa isikhathi sawo sokuhlala emathafeni, izindawo ezinama-semi-steppe, amathafa asogwadule ase-Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran. Ububanzi bungashintsha ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesizini nokutholakala kwesisekelo sokudla esanele. Lapho, lapho kuhlala khona inkanyezi ephinki, kufanele kube khona amawa, amatshe, amabhange amakhulu emizimba yamanzi.
Amakholoni wezinyoni adinga imicu emikhulu. Bahlomisa izidleke ngaphansi kophahla lwezakhiwo, emifantwini yamatshe, imifantu ezindongeni, bangangena esikhaleni somuthi noma bahlale endlini yezinyoni ngayinye. Imfuneko yokwakha izidleke ukutholakala kwamanzi eduze. Izinyoni zikulungele ukundizela ukudla endaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-10.
Amakholoni wezinyoni ahleliwe adinga inani elikhulu lokudla, okudingeka yizinkanyezi ezindala kanye nezingane ezisencane. Isikhathi esivumayo kakhulu maphakathi nehlobo, lapho ukutholakala kokudla kuningi, ngoba izibungu zezinambuzane zikhula ziye esigabeni sobudala.
Ukundiza kwezinkanyezi kushesha kakhulu. Izinyoni zihlala zisondelene, ngakho-ke ukusuka kude zivela njengefu elimnyama. Emhlabathini, nazo zihamba ngokushesha, kepha aziwushiyi umhlambi.
Amakhono obuciko bezinkanyezi ayaziwa. Ikhono lokukopisha amazwi ezinye izinyoni, izilwane, amakhwela, izimpondo zemoto liyamangalisa ngokuhlukahluka kwalo. Uma kuzwakala ukukhala kweselesele, ukuzwakala kwekati noma ukuzala kwenkukhu kuzwakala emhlambini wezinkanyezi, kusho ukuthi izinyoni zivakashele lapho kuhlala khona umuntu noma zahlala edamini elinabantu bendawo.
Amacala ayaziwa lapho izinkanyezi ezifudukayo zibuya ezindaweni zazo zasebusika futhi "zakhuluma" namazwi ezinyoni ezishisayo. Abaqaphi bezinyoni bayaqaphela ukuthi izwi lenkanyezi ebomvana lifana nokugaya, ukukhala, i-creak, akukho mculo ekuculeni kwayo.
Lalela izwi lenkanyezi ebomvana
Lapho, zihlala kuphi izinkanyezi ezibomvana, kufanele kube nokuqongelelwa kwezinambuzane, ngaphandle kwalokho imihlambi emikhulu yezinyoni ngeke idle. Amakholoni amakhulu adinga isisekelo esihle sokudla, kepha noma esengozini asebenza ndawonye: amemeza kakhulu, azungeze impi.
Empilweni yomuntu, imihlambi yezinkanyezi isiza ukubhubhisa izinambuzane zezolimo. Ukufika kwentwasahlobo kwezinyoni kwenza abantu bajabule, okwenze ukuqala kwemfudumalo nokuvuselela imvelo. Kepha ukungena kwezinyoni ekuvuneni okusanhlamvu, izithelo namajikijolo kuholela ekonakalisweni kwezingadi namasimu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izinkanyezi ezi-pink zithanda okwemvelo yonke: ukudla kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Izinambuzane ze-Orthoptera, ikakhulukazi izinkumbi, yizona zinto eziyinhloko zezinyoni. Ezindaweni ezinenkinga yesikhonyane, inkanyezi ebomvana ibhekwa njengenye yezinyoni eziwusizo kakhulu.
Ukudla ngesikhathi sokudlela kuqukethe cishe izinto zezilwane: ama-mantis wokuthandaza, izintuthwane, ama-cicadas, izintwala zokhuni, amacimbi. Izinyoni ziqoqa inyamazane phansi, kungasaphathwa kangako emoyeni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuhambeni komhlambi ethafeni, amaqembu alandelanayo ngezikhathi ezithile andiza ngaphezu kwalawa angaphambili.
Ngakho-ke, izinkanyezi zishintshela phambili, zingaphuthelwa inyamazane endleleni. Ukulwela ukudla cishe akwenzeki. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinkanyezi, ngemuva kokuthola isisulu, zikhomba indlela eya kwezinye.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuzalela, kunamajikijolo avuthiwe, izithelo nezinhlamvu ekudleni. Izinkanyezi zithanda ukudla amakhiwane, amajikijolo, amagilebhisi, nokuphuza umpe wezimbali. ENdiya, izinyoni zihlasela amasimu elayisi, naseCaucasus, izivini.
Izici zokudla zicindezela izinyoni kuhambo olude. Iketanga lokudla elinkinki uboshelwe kusixhumanisi esikhulu - isikhonyane. Isinambuzane asivumelaniswa nokuhlala sodwa. Uquqaba olukhulu luhamba ngesivinini esikhulu - kufika ku-40 km / h. Ekuphishekeleni, izinkanyezi ziba zizulazula ngokungafuni.
Ukwanda kwesikhonyane kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ngemuva kokugcwala izinyoni azidli lesi sinambuzane, kepha zikhubazeka, zisidwengula futhi zibulale. Inkanyezi eyodwa ngosuku idinga kufika ku-200 g wokuphakelayo. Kepha uthando lomzingeli lushayela lokho kufuna, hhayi ukugcina inyoni inamathele emakhaya ayo. ETurkey, kunenkolelo yokuthi le nyoni idla kuphela izinkumbi eziyikhulu, bese kuthi ezingama-99 zibulale.
Ukuminza kwezinyoni kuholela embuzweni othi, kuyadingeka yini ukugcina inani lezinkanyezi ezibomvana... Izibalo zikhombisile ukuthi ziletha izinzuzo eziningi kunokulimaza. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinyoni, ngaphambi kwabantu, zinqume ukuthi izinkumbi zisondela kuphi futhi zimelane nokuhlasela kwazo okubhubhisayo. Ukulimala okuvela ezinkanyezi ezidla izithelo zasekwindla kuncane kakhulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokuzala sezinkanyezi ezibomvana siboshelwe enanini lesikhonyane, kuya ngezimo ezithile zonyaka. Amakholoni ezinyoni aqala ukwakha izidleke lapho izibungu zezinambuzane zikhula maphakathi nehlobo.
Izinkanyezi ezibomvana zikhetha izindawo zokwakha izidleke emifantwini yamadwala, imifantu emaweni amakhulu, emigodini yamawa. Ezingxenyeni ze-steppe, izidleke zingatholakala ezindaweni zokudonsa phansi. Ekwakheni, izinyoni zisebenzisa iziqu zezitshalo ezomile, amaqabunga, izimpaphe, utshani.
Uma ukude, izakhiwo ezinolaka zifana nezitsha ezinkulu. Izidleke zitholakala eduze kakhulu, cishe zithinta izindonga. Uma ukude, izitezi ezinjalo zezakhiwo zibonakala ziyintaba enkulu kadoti.
Inqubo yokufuqa ihlala izinsuku eziyi-15. Bobabili abazali abanezimpaphe babamba iqhaza. Amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ama-pink starlings, izingcezu ezi-4-7, avela ngoMeyi. Amachwane achanyuselwa aba impahla ejwayelekile yezinyoni ezindala.
Ekudidekeni nasekuchobozeni, ukudla kufinyelela kubantu abashesha kakhulu kunabo bonke abantwana. Ukuhlala esidlekeni somzali kuhlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-24, khona-ke umhlambi omncane ungene emhlambini bese kuqala impilo yokuzulazula.
Impilo yezinkanyezi ezibomvana emvelweni ithatha iminyaka eyi-10-15. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinakekelwa kahle zingajabulisa abanikazi bazo kabili ubude. Izinyoni ziyathandwa ngokuthokoza kwazo, ithalente lokulingisa, okudala isimo esikhethekile kunoma yiliphi ikhaya.
