Amabhere angabakwa-canine, okungukuthi, ahlobene nezimpungushe, izimpisi, izimpungushe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinyawo ezinezinyawo zikhuluphele kakhulu futhi zinamandla amakhulu. Njengezinye izilwane ze-canine, amabhere ayizilwane ezidliwayo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi adla amajikijolo, amakhowe noju.
Kukhona nezinyawo zomgunyathi, ezingahlobene nama-canine ngisho nezilwane ezidlayo. Igama lebhere linikezwa kuphela ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle nabamele beqiniso bohlobo.
Amabhere wangempela
Igama lesibili lamabhere yi-plantigrade. Njengoba unemilenze ebanzi, unyawo olusisilima lunyathela ngokuphelele. Ezinye izilwane ze-canine, njengomthetho, zithinta umhlabathi kuphela ngengxenye yezidladla zazo, njengokungathi zihamba ngezipikili. Yile ndlela izilwane ezishesha ngayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhere awanakufinyelela isivinini esingaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora.
Ibhere elinsundu
Kufakiwe ku- izinhlobo zamabhere eRussia, amaningi kakhulu futhi athandwa kakhulu ezweni. Kodwa-ke, unyawo olukhulu kunawo wonke lwabanjwa ngaphandle kweFederation, esiqhingini saseMelika i-Kodiak. Basuka lapho bathatha isilwane baya eBerlin Zoo. Ngabamba ibhere elinesisindo esingu-1134 kilograms ngesilinganiso samakhilogremu ayi-150-500.
Kukholakala ukuthi ibhere elinsundu lafika eMelika eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-40 edlule ngeBering Isthmus. Izilwane zivela e-Asia, abamele lezi zinhlobo nabo batholakala lapho.
Ama-clubfoots amakhulu kunawo wonke aseRussia atholakala e-Peninsula yaseKamchatka. Imidondoshiya ihlala lapho iminyaka engama-20-30. Ekuthunjweni, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, amabhere ahlala kuze kube yingxenye yekhulu leminyaka.
Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa
Ngokwendawo yayo yokuhlala, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-polar. Igama lesayensi lohlobo lwesiLatini lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ulwandle olwandle". Izidalwa zihlotshaniswa neqhwa, ubukhulu bolwandle. Emanzini, amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo azingela, abambe izinhlanzi, izimvu zamanzi.
Ulwandle aluphazamisi ukufuduka kwezinyawo ezibandayo zezinyawo. Emanzini, zihlanganisa amakhulu amakhilomitha, zisebenza ngezinyawo ezibanzi, njengezigwedlo. Imilenze yangemuva isebenza njengephini lokuqondisa. Uma ephumela ezintabeni zeqhwa, amabhere awasheleli njengoba enezinyawo ezinzima.
Isilwane yisona esikhulu kunazo zonke ezidla umhlaba. Ubude, umhlaseli ufinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Isisindo esijwayelekile singamakhilogremu angama-700. Ukuze umbono webhere elimhlophe kuhle. Ngokwemvelo, isilwane asinazo izitha ngaphandle kwabantu.
Ukutadisha izinhlobo zamabhere, yi-polar kuphela ezothola uboya obungenalutho. Izinwele azinalutho ngaphakathi. Okokuqala, kunikeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lomoya engutsheni yoboya. Igesi ingumqhubi ompofu wokushisa, ayivumeli ukuthi isuke esikhunjeni somzingeli.
Okwesibili, izimbotshana zezinwele zamabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme ziyadingeka ukukhanyisa. Eqinisweni, izinwele zonyawo lwezinyawo azinambala. Izinwele ezimhlophe zibukeka kuphela, zivumela umhlaseli ukuba ahlangane neqhwa elizungezile.
Ibhere laseHimalaya
Ibizwa nangokuthi ibhere elimnyama lase-Asia. Ihlukaniswa ngezindlebe ezinkulu, isimo somzimba esimnandi ngamazinga wonyawo lwekilabhu, nesifonyo esi side.
Indawo yokuhlala yebhere laseHimalaya isuka e-Iran iye eJapan. Umzingeli ukhetha izindawo ezisezintabeni. Kungakho igama lohlobo. ERussia, abamele bayo bahlala ngaphandle kwe-Amur, njengomthetho, esifundeni sase-Ussuriysk.
Ibhere libizwa ngomnyama ngejazi elimnyama. Ekhanda nasentanyeni, yinde, yakha uhlobo lwemane. Kukhona indawo emhlophe esifubeni somzingeli. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-subspecies wesilwane ngaphandle kwawo.
Isisindo esiphezulu sebhere lase-Himalaya singama-140 kilogram. Isilwane sifinyelela kubude bemitha elilodwa nohhafu. Kodwa izinzipho zesilwane esidla ezinye ziyajiya futhi zikhulu kunalezo zabantu abansundu nabasezindaweni ezibandayo. Isizathu sisendleleni yokuphila yebhere elimnyama. Isikhathi esiningi usichitha ezihlahleni. Izinzipho zisiza ukukhuphuka kuzo.
Unyawo lwezinyawo lwase-Asia alusona isilwane esesabekayo. Ngokudla kwezilwane, ibhere livame ukudla izinambuzane kuphela. Isisekelo sokudla ngamakhambi, izimpande, amajikijolo, ama-acorn.
UBarabali
Elinye igama ibhere elimnyama. Ihlala eNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi empumalanga yezwekazi. Ukuvela kwesilwane esiseduze kusondele ekubukekeni konyawo olunsundu. Kodwa-ke, amahlombe ka-baribal avelele kakhulu, izindlebe ziphansi futhi, njengoba negama lisho, uvolo omnyama. Kodwa-ke, ebusweni kuyakhanya.
UBarabali mncane kunebhere elinsundu, alinesisindo esingeqile kuma-409 kilograms. Isisindo esimaphakathi singama-140-200 kilos. Isikhathi sokuphila siphansi nangaphansi konyawo lwenyawo lwaseRussia. Imvamisa abezizwe bangaweqi unyaka we-15. Kodwa-ke, imvelo yabeka iminyaka engama-30. Ukulamba nokuzingela kubavimbela ukuba bafinyelele kubo. Ama-Barabali Badubula ngenkuthalo eMelika. Ezinye izilwane zibulawa yizimoto. Intsha ihlukunyezwa ngamabhubesi asezintabeni nezimpisi.
AmaBarhali akhetha ukudla ukudla kwesilwane ngendlela yesidumbu. Kwesinye isikhathi amabhere amnyama abamba izinambuzane nezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, iningi lokudla kungukudla kwezitshalo.
Ibhere elibukekayo
Ukubukeka kwebhere ihluke emihlathini ekhuliswe ngamandla. Namazinyo aqinile. Lokhu kuvumela isilwane ukuba sihlafune amagxolo nenhliziyo yesitshalo esifana nesundu esifana ne-bramelia. Zinzima kakhulu kwezinye izilwane. Ngakho-ke leli bhere elibukhali lanciphisa ukuncintisana kokudla.
Isilo esikhanyisiwe siqanjwa ngenxa yombala waso. Kumnyama, kepha kunemibuthano ekhanyayo ebusweni ezungeza amehlo, njengohlaka. Uboya obusondele ekhaleni nabo buyi-beige.
Elinye lamabhere elibabazekayo linamabhande ezimbambo ayi-13 esikhundleni samabhangqa ayi-14. Lo mehluko wokwakheka ukhombisa ukusondelana nonyawo olubhekene nobuso obufushane. Bafa bonke. I-Spectacled bear ingummeleli wokugcina wohlobo.
Abamele izinhlobo bahlala eNingizimu Melika. Azikho ezinye amabhere ezwenikazi. Ababukekile bafunde ukugibela i-cacti enkulu, bakhipha izithelo eziqongweni zabo. Inyawo laseNingizimu Melika elithanda izinyawo lithanda umoba noju, kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ezibamba izinambuzane.
Abantu ababukiwe kwesinye isikhathi bayabhalwa izinhlobo zamabhere ansundu... Kodwa-ke, i-baribal, i-grizzly, i-Malay ne-Himalaya footfoot zisondelene nabo. Ukweqa kungenzeka phakathi kwabo ukuthola inzalo esebenzayo. Kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kokuzala phakathi kwezinhlobo ezibukwayo nezinsundu.
Ibhere laseMalay
Phakathi kwama-bearish, yincane kakhulu. Isisindo sesilwane asidluli amakhilogremu angama-65. Ubude, isilwane silingana nobude obungamamitha ayi-1.5. Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu buyakhohlisa. IMalay Clubfoot inolaka kakhulu phakathi kwamabhere. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu abesabi.
Amabhere aseMalay agcinwa emagcekeni esikhundleni sezinja. Lokhu kwenziwa ngabantu base-Asia. Yilapho amabhere amancane ehlala khona. Zijwayelekile eVietnam, eNdiya, eChina, eThailand, e-Indonesia naseChina.
Ibhere laseMalay lihlukaniswa ubukhona besikhumba esingeziwe entanyeni. Isembozo lapha sinezendlalelo eziningi, siwugqinsi, njengendlovu. Yile ndlela izinhlobo zezinyawo ezinamakilabhu ezivikela ngayo ekuhlaselweni kwamakati asendle abanjwa entanyeni.
Isilo saseMalay - ibhere elingavamile, efakwe ohlwini kwi-International Red Book. Lapho isilwane sibizwa nge-biruang. Leli igama elisemthethweni lohlobo.
Gubach
Ngaphandle, ibhere libukeka njenge-anteater noma i-sloth, kepha ngokwezakhi zofuzo nangezici ezijwayelekile lingelebhere. Abantu abaningi babiza isilwane ngobudedengu. Izindebe zebhere zibonakala ziphumela phambili, zigobile kancane. Unyawo lwezinyawo lwase-Asia nalo lunolimi olude. Ngawo, isilwane sifinyelela uju ezindlekweni, umuhlwa nezintuthwane ezindlini zazo.
Amabhere ama-sloth ayalingana ngombala nebhere laseHimalaya. Ibhantshi elifanayo elimnyama, linwetshiwe ekhanda nasentanyeni ngendawo emhlophe esifubeni. Kodwa-ke, izindlebe zamabhele ama-sloth zikhulu ngokwengeziwe futhi zinezinwele ezinde. Ijazi lebhere ngokuvamile lide futhi licocekile kunelaseHimalaya. Umlomo wesilwane uvuleke kakhulu. Izindebe sekukhulunyiwe ngazo.
Isisindo seSloth asidluli kumakhilogremu ayi-140, kepha ezimweni eziningi silingana nendawo eyodwa kuphela. Ungahlangana nesilo emahlathini aseCeylon naseHindustan.
I-panda enkulu
Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ososayensi bakubeka obala lokhu ngokuthi ngama-raccoon. Okuphikisiwe kufakazelwe ukuhlolwa kofuzo, Kwavela ukuthi ipanda elikhulu liyibhere langempela. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka nemikhuba phakathi konyawo lwezinyawo lwesilo yiyona ekhetheke kakhulu.
I-panda enkulu, ngokwesibonelo, ayizingeli ngoqalo kuphela. Ukuze unamathele embokweni yawo, amabhere athola ayisithupha esikhundleni seminwe emi-5 ezingalweni zangaphambili.
Ngokungafani namanye amabhere, ipanda elikhulu lihamba kancane emhlabathini. Ijubane eliphezulu lesilwane lifaniswa nesinyathelo esisheshayo somuntu.
Ubukhulu bepanda enkulu buqhathaniswa nebhere elinsundu eliphakathi nendawo. Uma unyawo olujwayelekile lungumfanekiso waseRussia, khona-ke isilo soqalo siluphawu lwaseChina. Izwe aliwathengisi ama-pandas amakhulu, liwaqashisa kuphela. Kumalungelo anjalo, ama-zoo angaphandle abamba izilwane. Unyaka ngamunye, ipanda ngalinye lokufika kuleli liletha umgcinimafa we-PRC cishe isigidi samadola.
I-Grizzly
Leli bhere elimpunga. Umbala ungomunye umehluko omkhulu ovela enyaweni yonyawo olunsundu. Uhlobo lwemvelo olusengozini yokushabalala. Kodwa-ke, iziphathimandla zase-US, lapho kuhlala khona lesi silo, zafaka isicelo sazo sokuthi zisuswe umhlaseli eRed Data Book. Impikiswano ukuthi abantu bayalulama ngaphakathi kweYellowstone National Park. Inkantolo yaziphika iziphathimandla.
Ngaphandle kwase-United States, ibhere eli-grizzly lihlala e-Alaska. Izazi ze-Zoologists ziphikisana ngezinhlobo zesilwane kanye nenqubo yokunquma. Abanye babiza izilwane ezi-grizzly ezihlala maphakathi nezwekazi.Iziqhingi nabantu abangasolwandle barekhodwa njengombala onsundu. Abanye ososayensi abayithathi i-grizzly njengohlobo olwehlukile nhlobo, kepha babheka nje uhlobo oluncane lwonyawo lwezinyawo lwaseRussia.
Ngakho kwacaca zingaki izinhlobo zamabhere phila emhlabeni. Zingu-9 zazo. Ezinye ziye zacwila ekukhohlweni, noma empeleni akuzona eze-bearish.
Amabhere mbumbulu
Abalimi baseChina babiza ipanda elikhulu ibhere kudala ngaphambi kososayensi. Abanye ososayensi bezilwane basabeka lesi silo njengama-raccoon. Abantu abasebenzayo boMbuso Wasezulwini bahlala bebiza ipanda ngebambo loqalo. Kodwa-ke, kuvela ukudideka, ngoba kusekhona ipanda elincane.
Ipanda elincane
Ngokungafani nomfowabo omkhulu, ungowama-pandas. Isinqumo futhi saba ngumphumela wokuhlolwa kofuzo. Kubonise ukuthi ipanda elibomvu alihlobene hhayi amabhere, hhayi ama-raccoon. Ngakamuva, isilwane siyafana ngesimilo.
I-panda ebomvu inobungane futhi kulula ukuyilawula. Kukhona nokufana kwangaphandle nama-raccoon, isibonelo, umsila, umzimba ohlangane, izindlebe ezibukhali. Ipanda elibomvu libukeka njengamabhere ane-gait ephelele futhi, futhi, nezici zangaphandle.
Ubukhulu bepanda elincane buqhathaniswa nobekati elikhulu. Ngenxa yobukhazikhazi bokuqwala kwezihlahla, lesi silwane sibizwa kanjalo - ikati lebhere. Isiteketiso esithandwayo asinakushintshwa, noma ngabe ososayensi bathini.
UKoala
Ibizwa ngokuthi i-marsupial bear. I-epithet egameni iyiqiniso. I-Koala ingeyama-marsupials impela - isigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo ezilula kakhulu ezisinde e-Australia kuphela.
Igama lesilwane liyafana negama lomndeni onikezwe wona. Awekho amanye amalungu omndeni. Lokhu, ngeshwa, kuyasebenza nepanda elincane. Naye ungomunye wohlobo.
Isihlobo esiseduze se-koala yi-wombat, futhi hhayi neze ibhere ngisho nepanda elincane.
Cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-30 eyedlule, izinhlobo eziyi-18 "zamabhere" ama-marsupial zazihlala emhlabeni. Bekukhona nezinyawo zeqiniso ezingabonwa umuntu wesimanje. Phakathi kwabo, izinhlobo ezi-5-6 seziphelile.
Amabhere aqediwe
Isibalo samabhere asephelile asicacile njengoba ukuba khona kohlobo olulodwa kungabazeka. Kukhona inhlansi yethemba ukuthi unyawo lwe-Tibetan lusaqhubeka lukhona, yize isikhathi eside lungabambi amehlo abantu kanye namalensi amakhamera wevidiyo. Uma wenza kanjalo, yazisa ososayensi. Ibhere lifana nsundu, kodwa ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba ibomvu ngokubomvu. Ukubuna kwesilwane kucishe kube mnyama. Emgodini, izinwele zibomvu. Zonke ezinye izinwele ezingemuva kwesilwane esidliwayo zinombala onsundu. Ibhere belihlala empumalanga yethafa laseTibetan.
I-California grizzly
Kufakiwe kufulegi laseCalifornia, kepha ayikaze itholakale esifundazweni noma ngaphesheya kusukela ngo-1922. Kwabe sekubulawa ummeleli wokugcina uhlobo lwesilwane.
Bhele ehlukaniswa ngombala wegolide wejazi. Isilo sasiyi-totem phakathi kwamaNdiya. AbakwaRedskins babekholelwa ukuthi bavela kogogo, ngakho-ke abazingelanga idlozi. Unyawo lwebhola lwaqedwa ngabahlali abamhlophe.
I-grizzly yaseMexico
Kumenyezelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuthi akusekho eminyakeni engama-60 yekhulu elidlule. Isilwane sasisikhulu, sinesisindo esingama-360 kilograms.
Ibhere eli-grizzly laseMexico lalinezinzipho ezimhlophe ezinyaweni zalo zangaphambili, izindlebe ezincane nasebunzini eliphakeme.
Ibhere lase-Etruria
Izinhlobo zezinsalela, zazihlala ePliocene. Le nkathi yokuma komhlaba yaphela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-2,5 edlule. Igama lesibili lomzingeli libhere elifushane. Lona nguyena onamabhangqa ayi-13 ezimbambo.
Amathambo amabhere ase-Etruria atholakala kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi lesi silo sasine-thermophilic. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi isilwane esingasekho sasikhulu, sinesisindo esingama-600 kilograms.
I-Atlas Bear
Amazwe ahlala abantu ukusuka eMorocco kuya eLibya. Umuntu wokugcina wabulawa ngabazingeli ngo-1870. Ngaphandle, lesi silwane sasihlukaniswa izinwele ezibomvu ngaphansi komzimba nobunsundu ngenhla ngenhla. Kwakunebala elimhlophe ebusweni bebhere.
Ngokungafani namabhere amaningi, ama-Atlas athanda izindawo zasogwadule nezomile. Igama lale nhlobo lihlotshaniswa nochungechunge lwezintaba lapho kwakuhlala khona unyawo lweklabhu. Izazi zezilwane ziye zababela ezinhlotsheni ezingaphansi kwebhere elinsundu.
Ibhere elikhulu kakhulu
Ukubonakala kwebhere elimhlophe kwakufana nokubukeka kwanamuhla. Lesi silwane kuphela sasinamamitha amane ubude futhi sasinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-1200. Izigebenga ezinjalo zaziphila emhlabeni eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu eyedlule.
Kuze kube manje, ososayensi bathole ukuphela kwe-ulna yebhere elikhulu. Kutholwe ithambo kumadiphozi ePleistocene eGreat Britain.
Ukusinda kwamabhere asesimweni samanje kwe-polar nakho kuyangabazeka. Inani lezinhlobo lincipha kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Izinguzunga zeqhwa ziyancibilika. Izilwane kufanele zenze ukubhukuda okude nokude. Izilwane eziningi ezidlayo zifika ogwini zikhathele. Okwamanje, akulula ukuthi amabhere agcwele amandla okuthola ukudla ezindaweni ezinamakhaza eqhwa.
