Ikhanda Elimhlophe nelibomvu. Kumayelana nenqe. Izinhlobo ezinamakhanda amhlophe zale nyoni zisengozini. Le nyoni yafakwa ohlwini lwabasengozini emuva ezinsukwini ze-USSR. Ngaleso sikhathi i-Armenia yayiyingxenye yenyunyana. Ngo-Okthoba 2017, isilwane seRed Book satakulwa lapho, yize singekho esikalini sezinhlobo. Usize umuntu oyedwa otholakale eduze nedolobhana laseNerkin.
Ngokuya ngemininingwane ye-X-ray, amathambo ephiko langakwesokudla lomzingeli onomzimba aphukile amaviki amathathu. USipa welashwa, kepha wehluleka ukubuyisa amandla okundiza. Manje abantu bayayithanda le nyoni kwenye yama-zoo ase-Armenia. Ungaya kuphi ukubabaza amanqe amahhala?
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-griffon vulture
Inqe likaGriffon kubhekisa oklebe, njengoba iningi lazo londla izidumbu. Uhlobo olungavamile eRussia. I-World Conservation Union ayikhathazekile ngesimo sale nyoni.
Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwesibalo samanqe ama-griffon kuyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Noma kunjalo, ukusikwa kuhamba kancane. Izazi ze-Ornithologists zithi lesi senzakalo sithuthukiswa ngokujikeleza komphakathi kwanoma yisiphi isibalo sabantu.
IGriffon vulture - inyoni enkulu. Ubude bomzimba wezimpaphe bungamasentimitha angama-92-110. Izimpiko zifinyelela cishe kumamitha amathathu. I-athikili ye-athikili ingakwazi ukukala amakhilogremu ayi-15.
Noma kunjalo, ikhanda alihambelani nobunzima obunjalo. Ngokumelene nesizinda somzimba, sincane. Uphaphe olufushane lwengeza ikhanda elinciphisayo. Iphinde ikhule entanyeni ende, okuthi, ngenxa yalokhu, ibonakale izacile.
Ikhola lezimpaphe ezinde libonakala lapho kuhlangana khona intamo emzimbeni wenqe. Sezivele zaba nsundu ngokubomvu. Lona ngumbala womzimba wonke wentaka enekhanda elimhlophe. Kwabesifazane nabesilisa, "umbala" awufani.
Uma ubheka isithombe Kuphi inqe legriffon ukukhuphuka, ububanzi bezimpiko nobude bomsila kuyabonakala. Indawo yabo iyanda ukuze inyoni enkulu igcinwe emoyeni. Inqe likhuphukela kulo ngobunzima. Ukusuka endaweni eyisicaba, le nyoni kungenzeka ingasuki.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Ukusuka ngobunzima emathafeni, amanqe e-griffon akhetha izindawo ezisezintabeni impilo yakho yonke. Izinyoni zitholakala eNyakatho Caucasus. Ngaphandle kwemingcele yayo, amanqe aseVorkuta, eWestern Siberia, esifundeni iVolga. Kodwa-ke, lezi yizindawo zokuhlala zesikhashana, lapho kuhlala khona inqe ukudla. Ezweni layo lokuzalwa, inyoni ayiyitholi ngaso sonke isikhathi, iqhubeka nokuhamba kokudla.
Ngaphezu kwezintaba, amanqe athanda izifunda ezomile. Banobungozi obukhulu empilweni. Izinyoni zisinda ekufeni kwabanye ngokudla izidumbu. Kodwa-ke, izingwadule ezisicaba, futhi, azihambelani namanqe. OKlebe bafuna izindawo ezomile kanye namatshe. Behleli kuzo, abelungu bahlola insimu, befuna okuthile abangazuza kukho.
Lalela izwi lenqe legriffon
Izindawo ezomile ezinamawa zitholakala entshonalanga yezintaba zase-Asia Ephakathi. Ngakho-ke, amanqe angatholakala emithambekeni yezintaba ze-Himalaya, udonga lwaseKazakh Saur, nasempumalanga yeTien Shan, okwendawo yaseKyrgyzstan.
Amanqe akhetha amatshe okwakha izidleke
ERussia, kwakungekho izindawo ezifanele zasogwadule zeqhawe le-athikili. Ngakho-ke, ngangena esenzweni Incwadi Ebomvu. Inqe likaGriffon kuyo, ihlukaniswa njengenhlobo encane enendawo elinganiselwe. Okusho ukuthi, abekho abamele abaningi ngokujwayelekile, kodwa ikakhulukazi eRussia.
Ukudla kweGriffon Vulture
Iqhawe lendatshana liyisikhohlakali. Izidumbu ezitholakele zihlukaniswa inqe elinomlomo oxhumekile nezinzipho ezinesimo esifanayo. Izinyoni azidli amathambo nesikhumba senyama yazo. Izinyoni zidla kuphela ngezicubu zemisipha, okungukuthi, inyama.
Akukho mncintiswano ngesidumbu esitholakele. Inqwaba yabantu abanamakhanda amhlophe bathutheleka edilini. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu oyedwa ethole isidlo, abanye abasadingi ukucabanga, okudliwayo.
Inqe likaGriffon ithanda isidumbu, kodwa uma ingekho baqala ukuzingela. Izisulu zoKlebe ngokuvamile zincane. Babamba izimbila, amagundane ngisho nezinyoka. Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu bale nyoni uqobo buholele abaningi ekucabangeni ukuthi yeba izimvu ngisho nezingane.
Lezi yizinkolelo ebezikhona eNtshonalanga Yurophu kusukela ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Kwathi lapho bebona ama-bkeloheads eshwabadela izidumbu, baqala ukwesaba ukuthi izinyoni bezithwele izifo nokungcola.
Inqwaba yokwesaba nokwesaba okuhambisana nezinyoni ezinamakhanda amhlophe kubangele ukubhujiswa kwabo eYurophu. Ekhulwini lama-21, inqe lapho, njengaseRussia, liyivelakancane. Khonamanjalo, njengoba kungumkhohlisi, isilwane singumhlengikazi wemvelo, silahla inyama, okungaba ngumthombo wokutheleleka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Izitha zeGriffon Vulture atholakala eGibhithe lasendulo. Lapho inyoni yabhujiswa ngenxa yezimpaphe zokuqapha. Bezisetshenziselwa ukwenza imihlobiso yezindlu ezihloniphekile, izigqoko zekhanda kanye nezinye izimfanelo zoFaro.
Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane kamuva, amanqe azizwa ekhululekile ezindaweni zaseGibhithe. Esimweni samanje, izinyoni ezinamakhanda amhlophe azithintwa.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izinyoni ezinamakhanda amhlophe zizodwa. Amanqe afuna umlingani omusha uma kufa owokuqala kuphela, futhi aphuthelwa yisizini eyodwa yokukhwelana.
Izidlakela ezinamakhanda amhlophe zihlala esidlekeni ngamaqembu angaba ngazimbili ezingamashumi amabili Babheka ama-niches emaweni amatshe, afihle izidleke ngokuphepha. Zenziwe ngamahlumela, zifakwe amakhambi omile.
Udinga ukuthola i-niche enkulu yesidleke.Ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-70, futhi ubukhulu buvame ukudlula amamitha ama-2. Benza isidleke senkazimulo, ukuze isebenze okungenani iminyaka eminingana.
Ngaphambi kokukhwelana, amanqe enza umdanso wokukhwelana. Abesilisa bagoba phambi kwesifazane, bevula kancane amaphiko abo. Umphumela wokuqomisana yiqanda elilodwa. Okubili akuvamile, futhi akusenzeki nhlobo.
Isidleke samanqe aseGriffon edwaleni
Amaqanda amanqe amhlophe, cishe amasentimitha ayi-10 ubude. Achanyiselwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-55. Abazali ngezikhathi ezithile baphendulela amaqanda ukuze awafudume ngokulinganayo.
Izilwane ezinamakhanda amhlophe zilungele ukubeka amaqanda ngoMashi. Ngenkathi umuntu oyedwa echanyusela inzalo, omunye undizela ukudla. Ubaba nomama bayashintsha.
Abazali bondla iphuphu elichanyuselwe, babuyise isisulu. Bahlala kule modi izinyanga eziyi-3-4. Ngokwesilinganiso sezinyoni, amanqe akhuphuka ephikweni emuva kwesikhathi. Ngezinye izinyanga ezintathu, intsha iphakelwa kancane.
Ichwane leGriffon Vulture
Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, inqe selikulungele impilo ezimele. Kodwa-ke, le nyoni ikwazi ukuzala kuphela lapho ineminyaka engu-7. Esikhathini seminyaka engama-40 sempilo emhlophe nosayizi wayo - iphethini ejwayelekile yokuthuthuka.
Ekuthunjweni, iqhawe le-athikili lingaphila kuze kube yingxenye yekhulu leminyaka. Ama-zoo kufanele abekele eceleni izivalo ezinkulu zamanqe. Ezimweni eziminyene, izinyoni, esikhundleni salokho, ziphila ngaphansi kunalokho obekufanele.
