URotan – inhlanziingeniswe ivela eMpumalanga. Emachibini aseRussia, ama-voracious, angakhethi ukudla futhi angakhethi ngezimo zokuhlala, umhlaseli wathola izimbangi ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, ukubusa kwemizimba yamanzi yasendaweni ngama-rotan kwaqala.
Lokhu kunwetshwa akukubi kuphela kwi-ecosystem, kepha futhi akuhambelani nabadobi. Mayelana nokunambitheka i-rotan weedy, ayinanzuzo. Kuyinto engathandeki kangako ukuthi uthinte ukubamba lapho uzizwa umqubu obukhulu futhi onuka kabi ezandleni zakho. Umzimba wonke wezinhlanzi umbozwe ngokukhululekile ngawo.
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-rotan
Iqhawe lesi sihloko kungokwalabo perches. Phakathi kwabo, kune-suborder yezinhlobo ezinjenge-goby, okuwumndeni ohlukile wezingodo. Ngaphandle, i-rotan ibukeka kakhulu njenge-goby yolwandle kune-perch. Inhloko enkulu enomlomo omkhulu ithatha cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude bomzimba.
Uma ubheka isithombe, i-rotan ivela ngamaphiko we-dorsal ne-pectoral angabonakali. Lokhu kuqhubekisela phambili ukugxila ekhanda lesilwane. Umzimba wezinhlanzi kancane kancane uya ngasemsileni, ubukeka njengohlobo lwesithasiselo.
Imigqa yamazinyo abukhali iyabonakala emlonyeni we-rotan. Ngabo, inhlanzi iluma isisulu kakhulu kunesikhukhula. Amazinyo avuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukubanjwa kwesilwane esesabekayo akuhambisani ncamashi nosayizi waso.
Ama-rotan amaningi awavamile ukukhula ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-24. Ngokuvamile ubude bezinhlanzi bungamasentimitha ayi-14-18.
Ukusebenza kwezindikimba zamanzi zengxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia ngama-rotan kwaqala ngo-1912. Ngemuva kwalokho inhlanzi eyisiminzi yadedelwa emachibini aseSt. Ama-Aquarists akwenzile. Nginguquko ka-1917, i-rotan yayihlale kuyo yonke imizimba yamanzi eduze neGulf of Finland.
Kukumaphi amadamu atholakala
I-river fish rotaningahlala exhaphozini, nasemgodini oseceleni komgwaqo, noma edamini elisemgwaqeni uqobo. Isidalwa esinekhanda elikhulu sizizwa singcono lapho kunasemanzini agobhozayo.
Okokuqala, imizimba yamanzi emile inezinga lokushisa eliphakeme, futhi ama-rotan ayayithanda imfudumalo. Okwesibili, iqhawe le-athikili alinabo oncintisana nabo emaxhaphozini nasemadakeni. Emifuleni, noma kunjalo, kunezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye ezilungele ukuzuza kwi-rotan. Ngakho-ke, imizimba yamanzi egelezayo ikhetha izinhlobo ezinkulu zezidalwa ezinama-loggerhead ezingamelana nokuhlaselwa ezinye izilwane.
Ekuqaleni, i-rotan yayihlala echibini lase-Amur eChina. Njengoba nomfula ugeleza unqamule amazwe aseRussia, izinhlanzi zangena kuwo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-rotan yangena echibini iBaikal. Ukusuka lapho iqhawe le-athikili lilethwe eSt.
Lapha futhi, ukungathobeki kwesilwane kudlale indima. Akuzona zonke izinhlanzi ezizobekezelela uhambo olude kangako; ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ijubane lokuhamba ezweni lonke nasezimotweni kwakwehlukile.
URotana ubhekwa njengenhlanzi kadoti
Amachibi i-rotan ithanda ubumnyama, usilika. Izinhlanzi ziyasinda lapho kufela khona ne-carp crucian. Abantu bathi i-rotan ihlala nomaphi lapho ikhishwa khona. Ngemuva kwamachibi aseSt. Petersburg, ngasendleleni, iqhawe le-athikili lakhishwa eMoscow. Lokhu futhi yizandla zama-aquarists.
Balethe izinhlanzi ezincane nezingenasizotha ukuzothengisa emakethe yezinyoni enhlokodolobha. Ukwenza ukuthenga okungacabangi, amaMuscovites abevame ukukhipha izilwane ezifuywayo. AmaRotane abiza udenariyu. Ngakho-ke, ukubamba izinhlanzi ezandleni zabathengisi, abaningi kuphela kamuva babona ukuthi abafuni ukunakekela lesi silwane.
Isimo sijwayelekile ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezicela isilwane, kepha azikulungele ukuzibophezela kuso.
Uma kukhona udaka echibini, i-rotan ekhishiwe izosinda. Yangena ngaphansi kwe-viscous, inhlanzi iphumelela ngempumelelo emifudlaneni nasemachibini acishe abe yiqhwa ngokuphelele. Iqhawe lendatshana nalo lisinda emizimbeni yamanzi eyoma ngezikhathi zokushisa kwehlobo. Yonga wonke udaka ofanayo. Njengoba ingcwatshwe kuyo, inhlanzi ithola inani elidingekayo lomswakama ne-oxygen.
Izinhlobo ze-Rotan
Uhlobo lwe-rotan elethwe eRussia lubizwa ngokuthi ngumlilo. Kodwa-ke, kunamagama amaningi ahlukile: i-sandpiper, iqhude, i-zelenchak, i-goby, utshani, i-forge. Insimbi, umphimbo nokusonga nakho kuhlu. Uhlu olubanzi lwamagama luhlotshaniswa nokusabalala okusheshayo kwezinhlanzi ezingaziwa kuze kube manje.
Ukuyibamba ezindaweni ezahlukene, futhi bakubiza ngokuhlukile. Eqinisweni, uhlobo olulodwa lwe-rotan lufihlwe ngemuva kwawo wonke amagama.
Ikhanda linombala onsundu. Umbala uyehluka kuye ngechibi. Emanzini ahlanzekile, ama-rotan alula, futhi emanzini angcolile nodaka abe mnyama. Ukugcina phansi, izinhlanzi zizifihla, zikhetha umbala osondelene kakhulu nemvelo.
Esithombeni kukhona i-rattan emnyama
Kukhona, isibonelo, amalahle aluhlaza okotshani. Lokhu akubonakali ngokuqhathaniswa nodaka lwexhaphozi. Kukhona futhi onsundu ongcolile, ngisho nama-rotan acishe abe mnyama.
Inhloko iyinhlanzi enamabhodwe. Kubukeka sengathi isisu sesilwane sesizophuka. Abalwa ukuchuma kwezinhlobo zokuqala zaleli qhawe lesi sihloko futhi bafisa. I-Rotan imenyezelwa njengesinanakazana esibhubhisa abahlali abahlala emizimbeni yamanzi amasha.
Izikhuni zomlilo ziqala ukuzingela kakade kubude obuyisentimitha lomzimba. Zidlani izinhlanzi ze-rotan? Iqhawe lendatshana lilimaza inani lezinye izinhlobo, hhayi ukuzidla kakhulu, njengokucekela phansi amaqanda omunye umuntu. Lesi isisulu esilula, esihlwabusayo nesisemaphakathi salo rotan omncane.
Umzingeli weRotan, ebhubhisa amaqanda ezinhlanzi ezithengiswayo
Ukunwetshwa kwe-rotan emizimbeni yamanzi engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia kunengozi ethile. Inhlanzi ingaba lusizo ezimweni zokugcwala ngokweqile kwamanzi ngezinye izinhlobo. Isibonelo, kunama-crucian amaningi kakhulu echibini. Akukho kudla okwanele wonke umuntu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukhaphethi we-crucian uba mncane, awukwazi ukuthola ubukhulu obukhulu.
Ukudla gazinga lezinhlanzi ezifuyiwe, i-firebrand ilawula izinombolo zazo. Kukhona ukudla okwanele kwenani labantu elinciphayo, i-carpian crucian echibini ithola isisindo.
Izinhlobo ezimbili ezengeziwe zokulala kwe-Amur zihlala ngaphandle kweRussia. Bahlala emifuleni nasemachibini ase-Asia, amakhulu kunezinkuni zokubasa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo awubalulekile, uvezwe ngombala nosayizi wamaphiko.
Ukubamba i-rotan
Akukho ukubanjwa kwezinkuni okubanjiswayo. Inyama yenhlanzi ayifinyeleli ezingeni lesitolo. Kepha ngasese iqhawe le-athikili liyabanjwa. I-Rotan iluma inyama kuphela. Isinqumelo, gazinga, izikelemu zegazi zisetshenziswa njengesithiyelo.
Ungakwazi ukudoba eVolga, Dnieper, Irtysh, Ob, Urals, iDanube, iDniester naseDnieper. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yezwe, i-firebrand ihlala cishe kuyo yonke imifula namachibi aseduze, amaxhaphozi. URotan usuka echibini angene echibini hhayi ngephutha lomuntu kuphela, kodwa futhi nangesikhathi sokugcwala kwemifula.
Emachibini angajulile futhi afudumele, athandwa kakhulu ngumlilo, ukudoba kuyinkimbinkimbi ngohlaza. Ngokuvamile kunezimbali eziningi emadamini anjalo nangaphezulu kwazo. Ukuhlangabezana kubambeka ku-algae, ama-snags, amagatsha nezimpande zezihlahla.
Ukubamba isikhuni somlilo okokuqala, abaningi bayazibuza inhlanzi edliwayo i-rattan noma cha... Labo asebevele bazama ukukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungadla. Inyama emhlophe yomlilo iyathamba futhi ithambile, kepha inuka kuphela udaka namathambo.
Ngokuyinhloko, i-rotan ithosiwe kufulawa wamafafaza, njenge-carpian crucian. Njengoba uthele epanini lokuthosa futhi wamunca izinongo, iqhawe le-athikili lidla ngenjabulo. Kwesinye isikhathi, inyama ye-rotan ingezwa esobho lenhlanzi elihlanganisiwe elivela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi.
Lapho wethula isikhuni somlilo kwimenyu, abaningi banesithakazelo izinzuzo nobungozi bezinhlanzi ezibolayo... Inyama yakhe iqukethe uvithamini PP. I-niacin, ebandakanyeka ku-enzyme synthesis, lipid metabolism kanye nokuziphendulela emzimbeni. Icebile nge-rotan kanye nezinto ezincane ezifana ne-zinc, isulfure, i-fluorine, i-molybdenum, i-chromium.
Njengezinye izinhlanzi, iqhawe le-athikili liqoqa izakhi ezikhona echibini. Ngakho-ke, izinzuzo zezinhlanzi zinemibandela. Abantu ababanjwe emizimbeni yamanzi engcolile abakufanelanga neze ukudla okunempilo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-rotan aseRussia abizwa ngokuthi izingodo hhayi kuphela ngenxa yobukhulu bekhanda. Idlala indima nokuhlangana namalahle esithandweni somlilo. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa be-nondescript nabansundu bezinhlobo bahlanganiswa namabala abomvu asawolintshi. Ngazo, umzimba ominyene wenhlanzi uba njengesikhuni somlilo esivuthayo.
Ama-Rotan azala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Amanzi kufanele afudumele afike kuma-degree ayi-17-20. Imidlalo yokukhwelana yomlilo ihlale izinsuku ezimbalwa. Amaqanda ezinhlanzi ayazala, alungisa amafinyila anamathele ezintweni ezintantayo noma ngamatshe aphansi, ama-snags. Abesifazane bazama ukuthola ikhona elifihlekile. Ngakho-ke amaqanda maningi amathuba okuthi aphenduke gazinga.
Imibungu ye-Rotan idinga umoya-mpilo omningi kunezinhlanzi ezindala. Abazali kufanele bahlale bewathanda amaqanda ngamaphiko. Ngokwakha umsinga wamanje, izinhlanzi zihlela "indlela" yamanzi enomoya-mpilo omusha.
Umsebenzi wokunakekela amaqanda unikezwa abesilisa abasezicishamlilo. Abagcini ngokuthandisa imibungu, kepha futhi bavikela ngentshiseko ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, begijimela ukubashaya ngebunzi labo elikhulu.
Ama-Rotan aphile kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuya kwengu-7. Kuma-aquariums, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izinkuni zokubasa zifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-9. Kodwa-ke, ama-aquarist anamuhla, onakaliswa yizinhlanzi ezigqamile zaphesheya kwezilwandle, kuyaqabukela athenge izinkuni zokubona.
