ICaranx ingabizwa ngokuthi i-antediluvian. Inhlanzi yakhiwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-60 edlule. Lona ngumngcele weCretaceous and Paleogene. Amathambo kaCaranx atholakele kumadiphozithi entaba yezikhathi. Izinsalela zezilwane zawela phansi olwandle. Inyama yayibola. Amathambo afakwa ngokoqobo ngaphansi kwengcindezi yekholamu lamanzi ezinhlakeni zamaminerali ezansi.
Isimo sendawo sasiguquka. Esikhundleni sezilwandle, kwavela umhlaba owomile. Yilapho ososayensi bathola khona amathambo okuqala e-caranx. Ngendlela ephilayo, ukujwayelana naye kwenzeka ngo-1801. Isidalwa sangaphambi kukazamcolo sabonwa futhi saqoshwa nguBernard Germain Etienne. Lokhu kuyi-ichthyologist yaseFrance. Kusukela kuvulwa kwayo quarks yaba enye yezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezentengiselwano. I-Symbolism ihlotshaniswa nezici zokudoba kwakhe. Yiphi? Mayelana nalokhu hhayi kuphela, ngokuqhubekayo.
Incazelo kanye nezici zezinhlanzi ze-caranx
Caranx - inhlanzi Umndeni wamahhashi mackerel, ibutho le-perch. Ngakho-ke, umehluko omkhulu ngumzimba oshelelisiwe osuka ezinhlangothini futhi uvulwe ume mpo. Kusuka ku-horse mackerel, iqhawe le-athikili lithathe "isikhwama" emhlane. Zombili amaphiko aphezulu akhishwa kuwo. Ngakho-ke kuqhubeke isithombe samakharank kungabonakala ngambili noma eyodwa, noma ngaphandle kokuqhuma komgogodla.
I-Caranxes ayisona isilwane esisodwa, kodwa uhlobo. Kunezinhlobo eziyi-18 kuyo. Bonke bathanda amanzi afudumele futhi anosawoti. Intsha iyabekezelela engenamvubelo. Ubhukuda angene emifuleni, abambe ama-crustaceans lapho futhi acashe ezilwaneni eziyingozi zolwandle.
AmaMolluscs nama-crustaceans nawo adliwa ngabantu abadala. Bangeza izinhlanzi ezincane kule menyu. Ngisho namahlengethwa amancane atholakele esiswini sabamele uhlobo lohlobo. Kwesinye isikhathi, kuvela izimfudu esiswini se-horse mackerel.
Kubantu abasha, amagobolondo alula, alinyazwa ngamazinyo abukhali e-carangs. Ukupela igama lohlobo ngo "g" kungenye indlela, kuvunyelwe kanye nokuyinhloko.
Izakhamizi zasendulo zeCaranx zasolwandle olujulile
Ama-qurank azingela kanye nezihlobo zawo. Njengoba zihlangene, izilwane zizungeze izikole zezinye izinhlanzi, ziqinisa kancane kancane indandatho yokuhlasela. Izisulu zizama ukuphuma emanzini. Kubonakala sengathi iyabila. Akunakwenzeka ukubamba isikhathi eside emoyeni - noma ngabe izinyoni ezizungeza ukuhlatshwa ziyakudla, noma ubuyela kwalasha wamanzi bese udla i-horse mackerel.
Kukhona isigaba sabaphathi emhlambini wokuzingela weCaranx. Abantu abakhulu nabaqinile baqondisa inqubo yokudoba futhi bathwebula ama-tidbits. Ezinye izinhlanzi eqenjini zikuthatha kalula lokhu.
Amaqhawe e-athikili aya kozingela kusihlwa. Emini, izinhlanzi zibhukuda zingenzi lutho futhi zibodwa. Ukuhlanganisa i-horse mackerel kubangelwa ukuzingela kuphela. Ngisho nefry le-caranx lithanda ukuba wedwa. Kodwa-ke, abasha banesizathu esengeziwe sokuhlangana emhlambini - ingozi. Lapho ama-cranks amancane eqaphela izilwane ezidla ezinye, ahamba ngokungaqondile ngamaqembu.
Ama-quark azingela izinhlanzi ezincane, zihlangene emhlambini
Iqhawe lendatshana likhetha izindawo zamanzi ezinqunyelwe, hhayi ukuhamba ngomkhumbi kude nezindawo "zasekhaya". Ngokunjalo, enye i-mackerel yamahhashi yamanzi omdabu yaziwa yiCaraxus. Imvamisa, indawo yethonya lenhlanzi iba ngamakhilomitha ayi-10 ububanzi. Kude nendlu, abantu babhukuda bebalekela ukuzala kuphela. Ngenxa yakhe, i-horse mackerel ihamba amakhilomitha angama-30-50.
Ngesikhathi esemncane, abameleli bohlobo baye banwebe amaphiko nomzimba ophakeme kunezinhlanzi ezindala. Eminyakeni edlule, iba yisigaxa, futhi amaphiko abukeka emfishane futhi ebanzi.
Kumuntu omdala, ama-cranks alulelwa kumasentimitha angama-55-170. Isisindo esiphezulu se-athikili ye-athikili singama-80 kilogram. Ngokunjalo, abamele ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo zoqhathaniso bangamaduna nabesifazane abadala.
Lapho kutholakala khona izidumbu zamanzi
Abamele uhlobo basatshalaliswa emanzini afudumele olwandle emhlabeni wonke. Izilwane zikhetha indawo ngqo, "zithembele" ekutholakaleni kwezinsiza zokudla, ubungozi ngendlela yabazingeli kanye nezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye.
Kodwa-ke, umbandela omkhulu ukujula. AmaKarang awehli ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-100 futhi kuyaqabukela ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-5. Ngaphakathi kwale mikhawulo, izinhlanzi zizizwa zikhululekile, zigijimela phansi naphezulu.
Ngezansi, amaqhawe endatshana akhethe ama-coral reef, athanda "ukuhamba" phakathi kwemikhumbi eshonile kanye namathambo emadolobha asendulo. Kukhona amakhona anjalo eshalofini nasemachibini. Lapha kufanelekile ukufuna i-horse mackerel.
Inqwaba yama-quranks igxile oLwandle Olubomvu, ngasogwini lwaseHawaii, e-Afrika, eThailand. Inani labantu base-Australia nalo likhulu. Babanjwa naseNew Zealand. Ngokuvamile, uma sikhuluma ngezilwandle, iqhawe le-athikili litholakala ePacific, eNdiya nase-Atlantic.
Izinhlobo zama-quarks
Njengoba kunezici ezivamile, izinhlobo zama-caraxes ziyehluka ekubukekeni kwazo okujwayelekile kanye nama-nuances wesakhiwo. Kwezinye, isibonelo, amaphiko emhlane akhomba phezulu, kanti kwezinye athambekele emsileni. Kunezinhlanzi ezinesiphongo esivelele, kukhona nezinhlanzi ezixegayo. Amanye ama-cranks anezilevu zawo phezulu, kepha iningi linesilevu esiqondile. Isikhathi sokuthola imininingwane. Cabanga nge-horse mackerel ekwehliseni isisindo somzimba nosayizi:
1. I-Giant Caranx... Ikhula ize ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-170 ubude, ikhulisa amakhilogremu angu-50-80 wobunzima. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlukaniswa ikhanda elikhulu nomzimba omfushane. Imidondoshiya idinga amanzi anosawoti omncane. Lokhu kutholakala ekuhlanganeni kwezilwandle nemifula egelezela kuzo.
Ngakho-ke, eGibhithe, ngokwesibonelo, i-giant mackerel yamahhashi ibanjwa eNayile Delta. Kodwa-ke, inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke yabanjwa ogwini lwaseMaui. Ngeyesiqhingi saseHawaii. Kunomqondo “i-carnax yasebukhosini"- elinye igama lesidlakela.
IGiant Caranx, ebizwa nangokuthi yasebukhosini
2. Idayimane carnax... Ebizwa nangokuthi i-emerald. Izikali ezincane zezinhlanzi zicwazimula njengamadayimane asikiwe. Kwezinye izindawo, ukukhanya kokuluhlaza okotshani kuyabonakala. Lezi zindawo zikhumbuza ama-emeralds. Ubude, inhlanzi ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-117, futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-43.
Izikali ezincane zekharaveni yedayimane zigawulwa elangeni njengamadayimane
3. UKreval-Jack. Okujwayelekile kweMedithera namanzi entshonalanga ye-Afrika. Ngokuqhathaniswa nesinye isizinda sehhashi i-mackerel, ihhashi lehhashi ligqame ngomphetho wesigaxa semfene. Ingxenye yayo yangaphakathi inezinsipho eziyi-8, kuthi ingxenye engemuva iqukethe i-vertebra eyi-1 nemisebe ethambile engama-20.
Abantu abadala bangamasentimitha angu-170 ubude, kodwa banesisindo esingaphansi kwedayimane. Isisindo esikhulu se-crevaljack singama-kiolograms angama-33.
4. I-quark enkulu Inesisindo esiphansi kakhulu ku-giant futhi icwebezela kancane nge-creval-jack, efinyelela kuma-kilograms angama-30 kuphela. Basatshalaliswa emzimbeni ongu-120 cm. I-oval-oval.
Izici ezihlukile ziyibunzi eliwumqansa nezinsipho emaphethelweni omphetho we-caudal. Ungahlangana nezinhlanzi ezinjalo oLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya.
5. I-black mackerel noma i-jack emnyama. Isisindo esiphezulu sale nhlanzi singama-20 kilos. Ubude, i-black horse mackerel ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-110. Ungahlangana nabamele izinhlobo zazo zonke izilwandle ezishisayo. Abantu abaningi bahlala eRed. Ngaphandle, i-bjack emnyama ihlukaniswa ngomgogodla ovalwe ngesimo secrescent nombala omnyama.
6. Ukubuka ngamehlo amakhulu. Lungisa igama. Iningi lamahhashi i-mackerel linamehlo amancane. Usayizi wabantu abanamehlo amakhulu uqinile. Ubude, izinhlanzi zelulwa ngamasentimitha ayi-110. Ngokwesisindo, ama-quark anamehlo amakhulu angamakhilogremu ambalwa angaphansi kwe-Black horse mackerel.
7. Umgijimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-mackerel yamahhashi yaseGibhithe. Umbono ujwayelekile eMedithera nase-Atlantic. Lapho, umgijimi wathatha isifiso wasiya emanzini aseduze nezingxenyekazi zikawoyela. Lokhu kukhetha, kuze kube manje, kuhlala kuyimfihlakalo kososayensi. Ubude, izinhlanzi azidluli ngamasentimitha angama-70, futhi zithola isisindo esingu-5-7 kilogram.
8. UGreen Jack. Umzimba ongamasentimitha angama-55 unesisindo esingaba ngamakhilogremu ama-3. Yaqanjwa ngemuva kokufakwa umbala. Kodwa-ke, okuluhlaza okwehlukile kunamanye amakarahara esakhiweni samapuleti e-gill kanye nesimo esilinganisiwe samaphiko asemaceleni. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlala ngasogwini lwaseMelika nasePacific Ocean.
9.Chordate caranx. Omunye wabamele abancane be-horse mackerel. Inhlanzi ayinesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ambalwa, futhi ubude bayo buyihhafu yemitha. Igama lesibili i-mackerel yamahhashi yamanga. Okubuhlungu okuncane kungahlukaniswa nezihlobo eziseduze.
10. Ukuhlukaniswa kweSenegal. Umnikazi werekhodi elincane. Inhlanzi ayidluli ngamasentimitha angama-30 ubude futhi inesisindo esingamakhulu amagremu ambalwa. Inhlanzi inekhanda elicijile nomzimba ovulekile. Umhlane wokuqala, amaphiko endunu nawo enwetshiwe kuwo.
Ama-quranks amancane angagcinwa kuma-aquariums. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi ezizingelayo zinobudlova futhi ziwusongo kwezinye izakhamuzi zaleli chibi lokufakelwa. Ngakho-ke, ama-horse mackerel avame ukutholakala endle, futhi angena ezindlini njengokudla kwabantu. Sizokutshela ukuthi ungayithola kanjani esahlukweni esilandelayo.
Ukubamba iCaranx
Babamba iqhawe lendatshana ngodobo. Ukunyathelwa kuyasebenza. Kulokhu, umdobi umi esikebheni esihambayo. Lapho kudotshwa ngesikebhe sokugwedla, ukudoba kubizwa ngokuthi ithrekhi. Ijubane lokugcina alanele ukuheha izinhlanzi. Ngenkathi unyathela, isicupho singena emanzini njengezisulu zangempela zama-quranks.
Imvamisa, isicupho sokufakelwa sisetshenziswa ekunyatheni, kepha iqhawe le-athikili lithanda ukudoba bukhoma. Uma seluxhunyiwe, inhlanzi ilwa kanzima kangangoba yaziwa njengophawu lobudoda, isibindi namandla. Igama lesibili likhombisa nelungelo lesilwane - igolide caranx.
Zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zihlangene ngaphansi kwaleli gama. Kukhona negama elithi “ukharafini ophuzi". Lapha ukusikisela kombala wamaphiko kuyacaca. Ziphuzi ezinhlanzini zohlobo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi emanzini acwebile umbala awubonakali kangako, futhi emanzini aneziyaluyalu uyaboniswa.
Umbala womzimba wenhlanzi utshela abadobi ubulili bezinhlanzi ezibanjiwe. Abesifazane balula, bathukuthele ngokwengeziwe. Abesilisa bezinhlobo eziningi zama-caraxes bamnyama. Umbala, ngendlela, ungenye yezindlela zokunquma ukuhleleka kwezinhlanzi. Iningi lama-mackerel amahhashi limnandi futhi alinabungozi, kepha i-black mackerel inobuthi kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokubamba inhlanzi, kufanelekile ukubheka isiqondisi bese kuphela uthumela ukubanjwa ekhishini.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-carax
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-athikili kuncike ezimeni zokuphila. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, izinhlanzi zizala kaningana ngonyaka. Emanzini apholile anezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ama-cranks anquma ukuba nezingane kuphela ehlobo.
Ama-caranxes azala kakhulu. Izinsikazi zizalela cishe amaqanda ayisigidi ngesikhathi. Abazali abazifihli futhi abayilandeli inzalo. Amaqanda entanta ngokukhululeka kukholamu lamanzi. Ingxenye iyadliwa, futhi gazinga livela engxenyeni.
Ekuqaleni, bacasha "emthunzini" we-jellyfish. Ukukhula, ama-quarks ahamba ohambweni olulodwa. Uma iphumelela, inhlanzi izophila iminyaka engu-15-17. Lokhu kuphindwe kabili kunezihlobo eziseduze kakhulu - i-horse mackerel ejwayelekile.
