I-causative agent yamarabi iyi-mixovirus. IMyxa yisiGreki esithi "amafinyila". Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa ngalolu ketshezi lomzimba. Ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila kuyanda kulabo abathintekile.
Kwanele ukukhumbula umkhuhlane. Futhi ingeyama-mixoviruses. Zibuye zidale omunyu, isifo sezinyoni, isimungumungwane. Ihlanganisa amagciwane esakhiwo seqembu nokwakheka.
I-capsule eyindilinga iqukethe i-ribonucleoprotein spiral. Ifana nenaliti eqandeni, okuthi ezinganekwaneni zifanekisela ukufa kukaKoshchei. Ukufika kuye akulula.
Igciwane lamarabi lisinda ezindaweni ezibandayo nezibolile. Ngakho-ke ukuqhamuka kwezifo ngezikhathi ezithile. Izilwane ezithintekile zifaka phakathi amakati.
Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokulunywa kwesilwane esigulayo. Ikati lingalunywa hhayi kuphela yisihlobo salo, kodwa futhi nenja, impungushe, i-raccoon. Sizothola ukuthi yini okufanele siyilindele ngokulandelayo nokuthi singazivikela kanjani ekuthelelekeni, ngoba nabantu nabo basengozini.
Isikhathi sokufukamela samarabi emakati
Ngesikhathi sokufukamela izimpawu zamarabi emakati engekho. Amadevu ayathathelana ezinsukwini eziyi-8-10 ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala. Isikhathi esiphelele sesikhathi esifihliwe singamaviki angu-4-6 asezingeni elijwayelekile futhi aze afike ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezimweni ezehlukile.
Ngokushesha kunamasonto amane, igciwane lizibonakalisa kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka futhi angazinzile, ngokwesibonelo, amazinyane nezilwane ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, benokungezwani komzimba.
Izinsuku eziyi-8-10 ngaphambi kokuphela kwesigaba esifihlekile sesifo, igciwane lingena egazini nasematheni. Amarabi adluliswa, njengomthetho, nalezi zakamuva.
Emzimbeni wesilwane esinegciwane, i-pathogen ihamba nama-neurons - amaseli wesistimu yezinzwa. Okuqondiwe yi-bacillus ubuchopho. Kungenxa yokwephulwa kwemisebenzi yayo lapho kuvela khona izimpawu ezijwayelekile zamarabi.
Njengoba i-bacilli ilwela ubuchopho, ibanga lokulunywa ekhanda lithinta izinga lokukhula kwalesi sifo. Inani lamathe angene emzimbeni nokuhlushwa kwamarabi kuwo nakho kubalulekile. Leli igama lamagciwane abulalayo.
Ukudlula kuma-neurons, igciwane alingeni nje kuphela egazini nasematheni, kodwa futhi nasezithweni eziningi, i-lymph. Inyongo nobisi kuphela okuhlala kuhlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, ngombono, ikati elinegciwane lingondla inzalo enempilo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ngaphambi kokubonakaliswa kwesithombe somtholampilo sokutheleleka. Ngezimpawu zokuqala zamarabi, amazinyane angabi yi-baleen, ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali bangabalimaza.
Izimpawu nezimpawu zamarabi emakati
Izimpawu nezimpawu zamarabi ama-tetrapods ancike kohlobo lwesifo. Ake siqale ukufakwa kuhlu ngokujwayelekile:
1. Isimo esinobudlova sesifo sibalekela emseni siye entukuthelweni. Esikhathini sokuqala, ikati lisebenza ngokuzikhandla futhi liziphathe ngokweqile. Inxeba lokulunywa liqala ukunwaya, noma ngabe selivele lide. Lesi yisicasuli sokuqala.
Lapho-ke isilwane singala ukudla, noma siqale ukuluma izinto ezingadleki. Lapha isigaba se-caresses esisebenzayo sithathelwa indawo ukuhlukaniswa nokunganakwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2-5 zikhula zibe nolaka.
Ngokubambisana nayo, i-salivation enkulu iqala, umhlathi ophansi wehla. Lokhu kungumphumela wokukhubazeka komlomo. I-meow izophenduka inqe, wheeze. Ikati lizoqala ukugwema ukukhanya namanzi, kepha kungenzeka lingakwazi njalo ukwenza njalo.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zamarabi ekati
Ngemuva komphimbo, ikhubaza imilenze yangemuva, bese umzimba wonke. In parallel, isilwane eba strabismus, lens babe liguqubele. Ukuphela kwesine kuhlangana ukudlikizela futhi nezinwele ezimanzi, ezimanzi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo kuyashesha, imvamisa kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-8-12.
2. Isimo se-atypical salesi sifo sihlukaniswa isithombe esisetshenzisiwe somtholampilo kanye nesikhathi esibekelwe ukufiphala ngokulinganayo. Isibonakaliso sokuqala samarabi emakati Kungaba izinyanga kude nale yokugcina. Lokhu kunikeza lesi sifo isimo sokujikeleza.
Kungaba ukwehlisa umoya, bese kubonakala, izimpawu zamarabi ziyaqina. Ekuthuleni phakathi kokuqina, umuntu angacabanga ukuthi isilwane sesiluleme. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, amacala anjalo ahlukile futhi angaphansi kohlobo lwesithathu lwamarabi we-feline.
Igciwane lamarabi lidluliselwa kubantu ngokuluma kwesilwane esigulayo
3. Isimo samarabi esikhipha isisu sehlukile futhi singaqhubeka kuzo zombili izindlela ezinobudlova nezingajwayelekile. Umehluko usesimeni esibucayi. Ifika esigabeni esisebenzayo. Ngokwezibalo, amarabi akhipha isisu avela ku-2% we-baleen egulayo.
Kodwa-ke, iningi labo alibulawa ngamarabi, kepha lifelwa ezandleni zodokotela bezilwane. Ukuze abantu abanaleli gciwane bangalidluliseli ezinye izilwane nabantu, bayabanjwa futhi bathuthuzelwe. Uma u-100% we-baleen enikezwa ithuba lokulwa nalesi sifo kuze kube sekugcineni, kungenzeka ukuthi inani elirekhodiwe lamarabi akhipha isisu anganda.
Uma ufingqa izimpawu zezinhlobo ezahlukene zamarabi, isithombe somtholampilo singahle sifane nesifo sofuba. Lokhu okwedlule kuhambisana ne-conjunctivitis esikhundleni sokuvinjelwa kwe-mandible. Esigabeni sokuqala, amarabi angadideka nezimbumbulu.
Lokhu ukutheleleka okunamathumbu emathunjini kuhambisana nohudo, okusho ukuthi ukuncipha nokoma emzimbeni. Abantu abanamarabi nabo bangaba nokugaya ukudla. Imvamisa, zihambisana nokwenqaba ukudla noma ukushintsha imikhuba yokudla. Isigaba sokwesaba amanzi sandulelwa ukungenwa kwawo ngobugovu.
Ungawachaza kanjani amarabi emakati?
I-causative agent ye-rabies inqunywa ematheni nasegazini. Ziyathathwa ukuze zihlolwe, futhi ikati lihlukanisiwe. Isilwane sisesibayeni esisodwa cishe amasonto amabili. Isikhathi sikhombisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa kokuqala kulungile.
Ungayibeka wedwa ngezimpawu zokuqala. Ungaphatha ukusindisa ikati futhi uzivikele ngosizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha ngemuva kokulunywa.
Inkinga ukuthi abanikazi bekati abamboni ngaso sonke isikhathi umhlaseli. Ukuthi umhlaseli ubekhihliza amagwebu yini nomhlathi olengayo akwaziwa. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhathazeka komnikazi. Akuwona wonke umuntu ophuthuma emtholampilo wezilwane.
Abanikazi bamakati anegciwane bayazindela ngenxa yendlela yokutheleleka engajwayelekile. Lidluliselwa ngamathe, leli gciwane liyakwazi ukungena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ama-microcracks esikhunjeni.
Ikati lingamane linyathele uketshezi lomzimba lwesinye isilwane. Uma kunemifantu emilenzeni, ukutheleleka kuyasebenza. Kulokhu, umuntu angasola kuphela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezimpawu zokuqala zamaRabi.
Njengoba embozwe izinwele, amakati kuyaqabukela ukuthi atheleleke ngesikhumba. Ukuze amathe angene kuwo futhi angene ezicutshini zangaphakathi, kudingeka ukulunywa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, igciwane "liyabambeka" engutsheni yamadevu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusinda kwamaRabies, lokhu kuyingozi.
Abantu basengozini yokutheleleka ngesikhumba. Kwanele ukuthi ikati lihlikihle umuntu, limkhothe. Ama-microcracks akwi-epidermis engamboziwe ngekhava yoboya amukela i-pathogen, ayidlulisele egazini.
Ukuxilongwa okunembile kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kokufa ngokuhlola ubuchopho. Yilesi sitho esihlushwa kakhulu yigciwane.
Ingabe ukwelashwa ngamarabi emakati kungalashwa?
Ukuthinta izilwane ezinegazi elifudumele, amarabi ayabulala. Abangu-2% abasindile abanesimo sokukhipha isisu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-98% alabo ababulawa amarabi akudala.
Izibalo ziyefana namakati nabantu, izinja, ama-coyotes, ama-raccoon, izimpungushe, amalulwane. Izilwane zasendle yizona ezithwala kakhulu amarabi, ngakho-ke igciwane libizwa nangokuthi igciwane lasehlathini. I-pathogen inokhahlo, njengemithetho yasendle.
Izilwane zasendle yizona ezithwala kakhulu amarabi
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa
Amarabi e-Feline angalapheka kuphela ngokuwavimba ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokufukamela. Ukugoma okuphuthumayo, inkambo yama-immunostimulating agents kanye nama-antibiotics kuyasiza.
Lapho uhambisa isilwane emtholampilo wezilwane, kungakuhle ukuthi ugeze indawo yokuluma ngensipho yokuwasha. Ama-alkalis ekubunjweni kwawo avimbela igciwane. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ihamba ngama-neuron ngejubane lamamilimitha amathathu ngehora. Uma uthintana nodokotela kungakapheli lelihora, amathuba okusindisa amadevu asondele ku-100%
Ngaphezu kwama-alkalis, i-ejenti yamarabi ivimbela i-carbolic acid. Kufakiwe kwezinye izikhumba zesikhumba. Ukweqisa kwento noma ukuhlala isikhathi eside ku-integument kubangela ukucasuka, i-edema.
Lokhu akulutho uma kuqhathaniswa nengozi yokutheleleka okubulalayo. Kodwa-ke, njengensipho, ukwelashwa kwe-carbolic kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha.
Ukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu kwamarabi ukuvikela ikati ngokuqapha. Ngokokuqala ngqá ifakwa emantwaneni anezinyanga ezintathu ubudala. Ukuhlanganisa amasosha omzimba, udinga ukuphindaphindwa kwaminyaka yonke kokugoma. Kunconyelwa le mithi elandelayo:
- "Defensor-3" evela enkampanini yaseMelika i- "Pfizer"
- "I-Nobivak Rabies" evela ku-Dutch "Intervet"
- "Rabizin" ne- "Quadricat" kusukela eFrance "Merial"
I- "Quadricat" iyi-polyvaccine esebenza ngokulwa namarabi kanye neqembu elihlobene lamagciwane. Ukugonywa kweminye imithi kukhulisa ukuzivikela kuma-rabies ehlathi kuphela. Le mithi yokugoma ihlukaniswe ngokuthi "mono".
Kuthiwani uma ikati lakho lilunywa?
Ukwazi abonakala kanjani amarabi, abantu bayatatazela ukuhambisa amakati alunyiwe kubadokotela bezilwane, ukuwabeka emtholampilo ngaphansi kokuvalelwa wedwa. Izenzo zilungile. Kodwa-ke, futhi udinga ukuzinakekela.
Khipha ukuxhumana kwakho nesilwane bese ugeza isikhumba ngensipho yokuwasha. Ngemuva komtholampilo wezilwane, shesha uye esibhedlela sezifo ezithathelwanayo ukuze uzinikeze usizo oluphuthumayo.
Hhayi nje ukuduka kuphela, kepha futhi nenja kamakhelwane noma ikati elifuywayo lingaluma ikati. Ukwazi abanikazi besilwane, ungabuza ukuthi ngabe umoni ulunywe yini ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Njengoba sebebuke umhlukumezi iminyaka eminingi, abanye banesiqiniseko sokuthi ikati labo livele lazibandakanya nesiqhwaga nesiqhwaga. Kuwo wonke amagceke kunenja eluma yonke into nawo wonke umuntu, iphilile ngokuphelele.
Uma kungekho ukuzethemba empilweni yomuntu owonile, ikati kufanele liyiswe kodokotela bezilwane. Uma ukulimala kubalulekile, ukuvakashela emtholampilo ngeke kulimaze ngenxeba elijwayelekile.
Kuthiwani uma ikati elinamarabi liluma umuntu?
Izimpawu zamarabi kubantu ngemuva kokulunywa yikati, njengezinye izilwane ezinegazi elifudumele, avele ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinyanga. Ukugula okubonakalisiwe akunakunqotshwa. Kungenzeka ukuvimba igciwane kuphela ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokulunywa.
Abantu abaningi bakuthatha kancane ukubamba kwekati. Amazinyo abukhali namancane we-baleen ashiya izimpawu ezicashile. Ukubhoboza kuncipha ngokushesha.
Khonamanjalo, ukungena kwamazinyo abukhali ekati kujulile, kanti amathe aminyene ngamagciwane ayingozi. Lesi sakamuva sibangela ukuvuvukala nokunwaya kwamanxeba. Lokhu kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile kokulunywa kwekati.
Khonamanjalo, ukulunywa endaweni yomonakalo kuwuphawu lokuqala lokutheleleka ngamaRabi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula isaga esithi "uNkulunkulu uyasivikela" bese uya esibhedlela ngokushesha ngemuva kokulunywa.
Ukugoma okuphuthumayo - impumelelo engu-50% kuphela. Ukuze umuthi wokugoma usebenze, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho eminingi. Odokotela bayabuza:
- Ungasebenzi ngokweqile
- Ungashisi ngokweqile
- Gwema ukuphazamiseka ngokomzwelo
- Yeka imidlalo esebenzayo, ukuphakamisa izinsimbi
Umzimba uphendula umthwalo ngokwenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba. Futhi, ukusebenza ngamandla kudinga amandla adingekayo ukulwa ne-rabies pathogen. "Imizamo" yomuthi wokugoma owodwa ayenele.
Isidakamizwa, ngasendleleni, senziwa ngo-1885 eFrance. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ubuntu babungavikelekile kumaRabi ngisho nangokugonywa. Basasebenza kumuthi olwa nalesi sifo esigabeni esisebenzayo.
