Umlando nezici zezinja zokuzingela
Ukutshela ngomlando wemvelaphi izinhlobo zokuzingela izinja, umuntu kufanele ahlole okwedlule kakhulu, ngalezo zinsuku lapho ukuzingela umuntu kwakuyindlela yokuphila.
Ukuqoshwa kwamadwala nemidwebo eshiywe ngabadwebi bakudala ezintweni zasendlini, ubucwebe nezikhali, okukhombisa iziqephu ezisuka empilweni ngokubamba iqhaza kwezinja, kufakazela kahle ukuthi inqubo yokuthambisa lezi zidalwa ezihlakaniphile ezinobuhlakani, kanye nokusebenzisa izimfanelo zayo, yaqala ezikhathini zikaMesolithic neNeolithic.
Ukufunda izinsalela nezinhlobo zamathambo, abavubukuli bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi izinhlobo zokuqala zangaphambi komlando kwakuyizinja okuthiwa yi-peat noma i-marsh - isidalwa esincane esinobuso obuncane obuncane kanye nokushintshela okubukhali kumlomo wesifunda sobuchopho sogebhezi.
Lezi bekuyizinja ze-pariah ezihlala eduze nemizi yabantu. Babevame ukuhamba nabazingeli, babelusizo kakhulu kubo, lapho bephakamisa umsindo lapho izinto ezisolisayo zisondela emakamu abantu.
Ojakalaka kukholakala ukuthi bangokhokho babo. Ngokusho kweminye imininingwane, noma kunjalo, hhayi bonke ososayensi banamuhla abavumelana ngayo, izinja ezi-peat zaba okhokho bezinhlobo ezinjenge-terriers, ezidume ngokuzingela izilwane ezigobayo; izikhonkwane zokubamba amagundane ezinekhono; kufana namabhere ka-teddy, kepha aqotho, anenhlanhla esheshayo futhi aqaphele. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zasendulo ezifuywayo, ungabala ezinye, ezithakazelisa kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinja zokuzingela?
Ingabe amakhono asetshenziswa ngabantu ayaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando? Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zalawa kwakuyinzalo engaphelele yasendle yempisi yaseNyakatho Yurophu, mhlawumbe zazingama-hybridi lapho ziwela nezinja ze-peat.
Izinsalela zalesi silwane zatholwa yisazi sokuma komhlaba u-A.A. Inostrantsev, ngenxa yalesi sizathu idwala laqanjwa ngososayensi. Kwakuyizilwane ezinkulu ezinemihlathi enamandla kanye nephunga elifushane.
Ngobunjwa oblique bezisekelo ezincane zamehlo, zazifana nokhokho bempisi. Futhi amazinyo abo, abukhali njengama-saber, azuzwa njengezinja zasendulo kokhokho abazingelayo, ngaphezu kwesisodwa asindisa impilo yendoda yangaphambi komlando futhi amsiza ukuba abuye ekuzingeleni ngesilwane.
Kukholakala ukuthi kulolu hlobo kuqhamuke abaqaphi abanamandla nabaqotho babanikazi babo - amaDanes amakhulu; umlindi iSt. Bernards kanye nabatshuzi abaphumelelayo; abasizi ababalulekile balusi - abelusi baseHungary.
I-bulldog grip eyaziwayo futhi eyi-proverbial gripog, yathola uhlobo lwegama elifanayo kulawo makhokho. Kwakukhona isikhathi lapho ama-bulldogs ebambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ekulungeni izilwane.
Inja yenja ebonisiwe
Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku, phakathi neminyaka emide yokukhethwa, baphenduke izidalwa eziqinile, ezi-phlegmatic nezithandekayo. Izinja zasendulo ezichaziwe zingokhokho bama-mastiffs amakhulu futhi anamandla. Futhi amaphaphu amancane okuhlobisa kukholakala ukuthi ayinzalo yezinja ezingaphambi komlando.
I-Bronze Age - inkathi yokwakhiwa kwempucuko enesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi senhlalo, nayo yayidume ngezinhlobo ezithile zezinja ezazidlala indima ebalulekile ezimpilweni zabantu. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izinja zethusi ezisetshenziselwa izigcawu zokuzingela ezinkulu nokuqapha imihlambi yezimvu.
Ngokushesha kwavela izinja zomlotha, ezaba okhokho bamaqembu manje aziwa njenge-search and hounds, kanye ukuzingela ukuzalela izinja ezincane ngemilenze emifushane - dachshund.
Izinja ezizingela iDachshund
Iziphetho ezinjalo zenziwa ngesikhathi kumbiwa umlotha wezindawo zokungcwaba, lapho kwatholakala khona izinsalela ezishisiwe zezinja zomlotha. Mhlawumbe yingakho bathole igama labo.
Amasiko anjalo emingcwabo afakazela nokuthi abazingeli abangasekho, abafisa ukuthatha izinceku nabangane babo abathembekile baye nabo kulo mhlaba, babheka izidalwa ezinjalo njengezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kubo.
Izinja zomlotha ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane nazo zenziwe eqenjini elikhulu amadwala izinja ezizingelayo: amaphoyisa... Zidume ngekhono lazo elingokwemvelo, ziqandiswe ngesimo, ukuthola indawo yezinyoni zomdlalo.
Kukhona umbono wokuthi abanye okhokho bamaphoyisa babengama-pariahs angathi awasendle, ababexinana emihlambini eseduze nokuhlala abantu ngaleso sikhathi. Lezi zilwane, ngenxa yokukhethwa kwemvelo, zaguqulwa zaba yiSaluki neTezem.
Abokuqala babo yizinja ezinkulu zombala obomvu noma onesihlabathi ngezinwele ezimfishane, ikhanda elimahlikihliki, izindlebe ezilengayo nomsila omncane. USaluki uvele emakhulwini ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kweminyaka e-Asia e-Asia Minor, kanti izinhlobo zawo zokuqala zazalaniswa ngama-Arabhu.
Okufanekisiwe yinja yokuzingela yohlobo lweSaluki
I-Tezem noma iHound Hound izinja ezinkulu zokuzingela ezivamile eGibhithe lasendulo. OFaro nezikhulu zaseGibhithe babengabanikazi bazo. Ukuba namathoni akhanyayo, izinwele ezithambile ezimfushane, behluke kusaluki ngezindlebe eziqondile futhi, baphonswe phezu kwembumbulu, umsila omise okwindandatho.
Lezi zinhlobo manje sezithathwa njengokhokho beqembu lama-greyhound, okuthiwa isikhathi eside izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zezinja zokuzingela futhi kwasakazeka emhlabeni wonke kusuka e-Afrika nase-Asia.
Esithombeni kukhona inja kaFaro
EYurophu, ama-cops kanye nama-greyhound kwathandwa ikakhulukazi phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi, lapho ukuzingela kwaba ukuzijabulisa okuyinhloko kwamakhosi, izicukuthwane namakhosi ombuso. Ngenxa yokukhetha okuhlosiwe nokukhethwa okuqinile, kancane kancane baguquka baba yizo zonke izinhlobo zesimanje zezinhlobo.
Incazelo yezinhlobo zezinja ezizingelwayo futhi imvelaphi yabo ngeke iphelele ngaphandle kokusho ama-huskies amahle anoboya. Bangabantwana bamahlathi asenyakatho, abaqiniswe esimweni sezulu esibi nesinonya.
Ukushoda okuqhubekayo kokudla nokuphila ezindaweni ezikude ze-taiga kwakha kubo izimfanelo ezinjengokuzingela okumangazayo, amakhono okusesha angajwayelekile, ukukhuthazela, amandla okuzwa, ukubona nokunuka, amandla okusinda emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu.
Leli qembu lezinja zokuzingela lazalwa ngabantu basenyakatho. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izilwane ezinjalo zisize abanikazi bazo ukuthola amabhere, izinyamazane, indololwane, kanye nezilwane ezinezimpaphe ehlathini. Ngosizo lwama-huskies, ukwazisa abazingeli mayelana nendawo yezilwane ezincane, ukuhweba ngoboya okuphumelelayo kwenziwa.
Inja yokuzingela Laika
Idatha yama-ethologists amaningi kanye nezazi zofuzo zinikeza ilungelo lokucabanga ukuthi okhokho abaqondile babo bonke banamuhla izinhlobo zokuzingela izinja (isithombe okufakazela ukwehluka kwabo) kwakuseyizimpisi.
Futhi izinhlobo ezikhona njengamanje zazalwa ngumuntu ovela kwinani elincane kakhulu lokhokho basendle. Ngisho namanje, izinja nezimpisi ziyakwazi ukuzalana ngokukhululekile futhi zikhiqize inzalo enempilo futhi evundile, enenani elifanayo lama-chromosomes.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwezinja zokuzingela
Izimfanelo zenja, ngaphezu kwedatha yefa, zinquma ukunakekelwa okulungile nokondla. Ngakho-ke, noma yimuphi umphathi ongaba khona ofisa thenga inja yokuzingela, kufanele abekezele futhi abe nombono wokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuphatha kabi izilwane nokudla ngendlela engafanele kungaholela ezifweni ezinkulu zezinja futhi kubangele nokufa kwazo.
Igumbi lezinja kufanele libe elikhanyayo, elomile, elingenalutho futhi elifakwe ngokwanele Kufanele yabelwe, ibiyelwe ngemeshini yensimbi, indawo yokuhamba ngesilwane esinosayizi okungenani we-6 m2.
Kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe indawo evikelwe yizihlahla ezofihla izilwane emisebeni yelanga elishisayo ehlobo, nasendaweni ebandayo emimoyeni ebandayo. Ezindaweni ezinobusika obunzima bezinja, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlomisa indawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe ngesimo sedokodo elifakiwe.
Ekamelweni uqobo kunikezwa indawo ehlala njalo yokuphumula nokulala kwesilwane esifuywayo. Kungcono uma kuyisitezi sokhuni, esicishe sibe uhhafu wemitha ukusuka phansi noma phansi kancane.
I-Felt noma enye impahla efudumele ingasetshenziswa njengokulala, kepha utshani buhamba phambili futhi kulula ukushintsha. Indawo yokuqukatha kufanele ihlanzwe njalo. Futhi ukudla okudliwe uhhafu kufanele kususwe futhi izitsha kufanele zihlanzwe kahle ngemuva kwakho.
Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukugcina ijazi lesilwane lisesimweni esihle. Akuzona zonke izinja ezinesifushane, njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, Isikhombi senja esinqunyiwe... Ukunakekela i-husky ngalo mqondo kusinda kakhulu.
Ukugeza njalo kusiza ekugcineni impilo. Ukuxubha ngekama kanye nebhulashi kusiza ukususa uthuli, ukungcola kanye namafutha amaningi kusuka kuzinwele.
Kuyadingeka ukugeza inja ngensipho yokugeza njalo ngenyanga. Futhi ngemuva kwenqubo, umswakama osele kufanele ususwe ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Izindlebe zesilwane kufanele zihlolwe njalo zihlanzwe kusetshenziswa uboya bekotini noma ibhandishi, zifakwe kwisisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide.
Ehlobo, ukubhukuda echibini noma echibini kuzuzisa kakhulu isilwane sakho. Vele, ukuqeqeshwa nsuku zonke nokuhamba amahora amabili kuyadingeka ukugcina inja isesimweni esiphezulu.
Ukudla kwezilwane kufanele kufake, ngaphezu kwesinkwa, ubisi, inyama nenhlanzi, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuzingeleni izinja, nemifino, okusanhlamvu nosawoti. Kungcono ukuyondla kabili: ekuseni kakhulu nasekupheleni kosuku.
Kubaluleke kakhulu kumnikazi ukuthi alandele imithetho yokunakekelwa uma isilwane sakhe sihlanganyela imibukiso yezinja zezinhlobo zokuzingela... Le yimicimbi ebanjwa njalo ngaphakathi kohlaka lanoma yimuphi umphakathi wama-cynological, omele ukubuyekezwa kwesitoko esizalisayo, okunikeza ososayensi ithuba lokukhetha abameleli bezinhlobo abahle kakhulu ngokwezinga nangaphandle.
Umcimbi onjalo ungavula izinhloso ezintsha zezinja nabanikazi bazo, kanye namathuba okuthola iziqu zompetha namathuba okuthola abalingani abahle bokukhwelana.
Ngemuva kokuthi imithetho yokuqukethwe yenziwe kahle, abanikazi abangaba khona bangaqhubeka bakhethe okufanelekile kusuka izinhlobo zokuzingela izinja, iziqu okuyinto namuhla engenza uhlu olukhulu.
Udinga ukuthola umfuyi othembekile ukuze abe nomdlwane onempilo. Lapho ukhetha, okuningi kuya ngezinhloso zomthengi, noma ngabe ufuna ukuthenga inja enhle emsulwa - okusolwa ukuthi uwine imibukiso noma inja ezolile elinganiselayo amalungu omndeni angayithanda.
Futhi kubalulekile amanani vula izinhlobo zokuzingela izinja... Eziningi zazo ziyabiza impela, kepha kunezinja ezibizayo, ngokwesibonelo, i-Irish Wolfhound, ebiza kufika ku- $ 2,400.
Izinhlobo zezinja ezizingelayo
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, ezingaba ngamakhulu amane emhlabeni, izinja ezizingelayo zakha cishe uhhafu wazo zonke izinhlobo, okukhombisa ukufaneleka kwazo okumangazayo. Lezi zinja zihlukile ngokubukeka nangamakhono, kepha iqembu ngalinye lihle, linethalente futhi liyancomeka ngendlela yalo.
Zinezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu izinhlobo zokuzingela hound. Izinja zibabaza ngokukhuthazela kwabo nesibindi esingalawuleki. Amandla abo angakhathali, njengoba kubonakala, ebabuka, awanakuphela.
Izinganekwane ziyatshelwa ngesibindi sabo esingalawuleki kanye nokuzalwa kwemvelo okuzingela, okuzuzwe njengefa ezizukulwaneni zangaphambilini zokhokho babo. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu bekhethe izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho bathole izinhlobo eziningi zama-hound, ngalinye ligxile ekuzingeleni isilwane esithile noma inyamazane enezimpaphe.
Izinja ezizalisayo
Abaqhudelani abakhulu bezinja ezinjalo bebelokhu bengama-greyhound, beshesha ukulandela umgomo. Kepha ekubeni nokwenziwa kokugijima okusheshayo, lezi zakamuva zikwazi kakhulu ukuzibonisa emabangeni amafushane. Kodwa-ke, ama-hounds adume kakhulu ngokukhuthazela kwawo kanye nokukwazi ukuxosha isilo usuku lonke ngaphandle kokuma.
Okufanekisiwe yinja yokuzingela yohlobo lwe-greyhound
Phakathi kwe- Izinhlobo zaseRussia zezinja zokuzingela ngamazinga omlando, kubhekwa njengokuncane kakhulu - i-piebald hound. Leli qembu livele muva nje, kepha lasabalala ngokushesha futhi lathandwa ngabazalisi bezinja.
Izinja ezinjalo ziqeqeshwe ngokuphelele futhi zisetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekushushiseni isilwane esiphakathi nendawo. Babukeka beqinile, banemisipha eqinile, enekhanda elibanzi ngokwanele.
Uboya babo boma ngokushesha elangeni, beshaywa ngumoya, isikhumba sifakwe phezulu, umsila ubonakala ujiyile ngenxa yejazi elikubambayo. Umbala wezinja ubonakala nge-cocktail yombala omnyama no-piebald, obomvu klebhu nemibala empunga, isisu nezitho zabo kuvame ukuba mhlophe.
Inja e-piebald hound ebonisiwe
Idume ngezimfanelo zazo ezinhle kakhulu Izinhlobo zezinja zokuzingela zaseJalimane... Abamele babo, njengomthetho, bahlakaniphile ngokungavamile, kuyilapho bengenakho ukuhlakanipha namakhono kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuthula, kuhlanganiswe nokuzola kwemvelo kweNordic. Ukukhuthazela kwabo ezimweni eziphuthumayo kungaba nomona kuphela. Yingakho lezi zidalwa zithandwa kangaka.
Echaza leli qembu, kufanele nakanjani wethule amaphoyisa, ahlaba umxhwele ngesimo esivinjelwe ahlanganiswe nomlingiswa oqinile. Lezi izikhombisi ezifushane. Bafumbathisa ngokuthula kwabo, banomusa impela futhi bayakwazi ukujabulisa abanikazi babo ngamakhono amahle kakhulu okuqeqesha.
Ukuzinikela kwabo akunamkhawulo ngempela, bayawathanda amalungu omndeni womnikazi futhi bayazicabangela izingane. Izinja ezinjalo, uma kunesidingo, zingaba abalindi abayizibonelo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bayakwazi ukuhlola ngokwanele abantu abangabazi futhi abakhombisi ubudlova obedlulele.
Lapho kuzingelwa, izikhombisi ezinekhanda elifushane zikwazi kangcono ukuzihlukanisa emathafeni nasemasimini ahlala umdlalo omncane. Bathola ngokuphelele ilitshe elifanele umzingeli, besebenzisa iphunga labo elimangalisayo nelingavamile.
Banuka isisulu, badonsa umoya, naphansi. Futhi lapho bethola isisulu, benza isitendi, okuyisibonakaliso esikhethekile somnikazi. Izinja zihlukaniswa ngezikimu zazo zokuqala zombala. Zingaba nsundu ngokukhanyayo nezimagqabhagqabha, zimnyama, zinoshlabathi ophuzi nomhlophe ngamabala.
Isikhombi senja esinqunyiwe
Amaphoyisa aseJalimane anezinwele afaka phakathi drathaar – inja yokuzingela, okubhekwa njengendawo yonke. Ngokomqondo wabaphathi bezinja, abake baqala ukuzalanisa lolu hlobo, izinja ezinjalo bekufanele zikwazi ukusebenza nezinyoni, inkundla nezinyoni zasemanzini, zithole isilwane esikhulu futhi zilandele izilwane ezilimele, ngenkathi zinezimpawu ezinhle zokuqapha.
Onke amaphupho ayenziwe kahle ekusebenzeni kuma-drathaars. Izinja zinomthunzi ongasunduzeki oyisithupha onsundu, omnyama noma ompunga; ukujula, okuzungezwe emaphethelweni, ezindlebeni nangaphezulu kwengxenye yemitha ukuphakama. Uhlobo lwezinja luyasebenza futhi lujabule, ziyasebenza futhi zihlakaniphile.
Okufanekisiwe yinja yaseDrathhaar
Ngokusho izazi-mlando, abasunguli yesimanje ukuzingela izinja ze-spaniel izinja zamaGrikhi ezinamahlombe nezinwele ezinde, ezalethwa kamuva eSpain, zaba.
Lesi bekuyisizathu segama, esivela egameni elithi "Espagnol". Lezi yizilwane ezinesimo esihle sokudlala, ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, lapho zisakazeka khona ngokushesha okukhulu, ngenxa yezimfanelo zazo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzingela.
Kepha zigxila ngokuphelele ezindlini ezixinene futhi ezixineneyo zedolobha, ziletha injabulo enkulu kubanikazi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalolu hlobo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-Irish Water Spaniel, edlula izihlobo zayo ngosayizi, efinyelela isisindo esingama-20 kg. Izinja ezinjalo zavela ngekhulu le-19.
Phakathi kwaleli qembu izinhlobo zokuzingela izinja, isingisi Ama-Cocker Spaniels athandwa kakhulu ngejazi lawo elisilika, isimo esihle, ukuthokoza nokusebenza.
Umbala wezinja ezinjalo ungahluka kakhulu, kepha, ngokuya ngamazinga, izinhlobo ze-monochromatic zohlobo zingabonakala ngamabala amhlophe kuphela esifubeni.
Inja ye-Cocker Spaniel
Olunye uhlobo olwaziwayo lwakhiwe eNgilandi.Lezi zinja, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-setter, zinokubukeka okuhle, umzimba wemisipha onesisindo esifinyelela ku-30 ​​kg, izindlebe ezilengayo kanye nomsila we-saber. Setter – uhlobo lokuzingela, izinja lapho benomusa weqiniso khona.
Ijazi lalezi zidalwa lifushane, kunalokho licwebezela futhi liwugqinsi, linombala omhlophe ngokufakwa kwamabala amnyama, ansundu nokubomvu. Izinja zizivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo zemvelo futhi ziqondiswe yimvelo yazo ekufuneni umdlalo wezimpaphe.
Setter ukuzingela inja
AmaGreyhounds akhuliswa ngokuzingela umdlalo. Imilenze yazo emide isiza izinja ukudlula inyamazane ezindaweni ezivulekile ngejubane lombani. Igreyhound yaseRussia yinja enkulu impela evelele ngobudlova bayo nesibindi.
Ezinsukwini zakudala, lapho isigaba esihle sasihileleke kakhulu ekuzingeleni, kwakuyisiko ukusebenzisa lezi zinja ngokuhlangana nama-hounds, axosha inyamazane yawo emahlathini. Lokhu kwanikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu, njengoba ama-greyhounds azithola ngokushesha izilwane ezindaweni ezivulekile futhi azibamba kalula.
Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-Russian greyhound
ILaikas, obekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka ingabasizi abahamba phambili bezingeli zasenyakatho emahlathini ase-Eurasia, ngawo wonke ama-akhawunti, imenyezelwe njengesikhali esinokwethenjelwa somdlalo wokuzingela: i-marten, i-sable noma i-squirrel.
Zithembeke ukwedlula isibhamu, zinomzimba oqinile osayizi ophakathi nendawo, ijazi eliwugqinsi, izindlebe ezimile ezingunxantathu nomsila omile kahle. Izinja zihlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene emhlophe, obomvu nomnyama ngokuhlanganiswa kuya ngokuthi ungowesiphi isizimba esithile.
Inja yokuzingela uLika
Vele, ingqondo, eyasebenza njengesikhuthazo sokuthuthuka kwempucuko, kancane kancane ithatha imvelo yabantu, nokuzingela kuya ngokuya kube yinto yesikhathi esedlule. Kepha kulezi zinsuku, ukuhamba ehlathini uphethe isibhamu kubonakala njengokuzijabulisa, kusiza impilo yomzimba nesimo somqondo. Futhi abangane abanezinyawo ezine - izinja zisiza umuntu kulokhu.
