Uma uthanda ukufuya izinhlanzi ekhaya, khona-ke abamele umndeni "we-cichlid" kungaba yindlela enhle kakhulu. Inama-subspecies angaphezu kwekhulu, mhlawumbe agqamile kakhulu futhi angathobeki, lokhu cichlazomas.
Esithombeni, uthingo cichlazoma
Ukuzalela izinhlanzi zasolwandle kungenye yezinto zokuzilibazisa ezithandwa kakhulu. Okwalabo abathanda ukuthula nokuphumula, yilokho okudingayo. Ukubuka izinhlanzi kuyaduduza, kuyakhululeka, kuyanika amandla. Kungumndeni we-cichlid ozifakazele ohlangothini oluhle. Abaziphathi kahle ekunakekelweni kwabo, kuyaqabukela begula, banobungane.
Incazelo nezici ze-cichlazoma
I-Cichlazoma - i-subspecies yezinhlanzi ezivela emndenini we "cichlids" (i-ray-finned), ingeka-oda "we-perch-like". Phakathi kwabo, lezi zinhlobo ziyehluka ngosayizi, umbala nokuma komzimba. KU-IN incazelo ye-cichlazoma kumele kubhalwe ukuthi "ama-vertebrate". Eziningi zazo zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
Esithombeni cichlazoma Barton
Endaweni ye-vivo inhlanzi ye-cichlazoma isuka emadamini ase-United States iye emifuleni yaseBrazil. Inhlanzi ihlukaniswa nempilo enhle phakathi kwezihlobo zayo. Inegobolondo elijiyile, ngakho-ke amagciwane ayingozi nama-microorganisms e-pathogenic awavamile ukungena ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
I-Cichlazoma, empeleni, isicubu esiqinile, umzimba uvulekile, izinhlangothi ziyisicaba. Iningi lekhanda lihlala ngomlomo omkhulu, amehlo aphumile kanye nokuvuleka kwama-gill. Isikhumba sivuselelwa ngokushesha futhi sibuyiselwe, amanxeba nokulimala kuphulukiswa ngenkuthalo.
Ama-Aquarists ayathanda izinhlanzi ze-cichlase ngosayizi ohlangene, ukukhanya kwemibala nolayini emzimbeni, isimilo sokuthakazelisa nokunakekelwa okuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi zihlakaniphile futhi zinikwe ubuhlakani obuthile.
Izidingo zokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwe-cichlazoma
Emvelweni cichlazomas uhole indlela yokuphila ebhangqiwe, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlinzekela okuqukethwe i-aquarium ehlukile, noma ukwahlukanisa esitsheni. Ungafaka amabhangqa ama-2-3 ohlobo olufanayo esitsheni esisodwa.
Esithombeni cichlazoma severum
Lezi zinhlobo ezincane zizalela amaqanda ematsheni ayisicaba. Lo mbhangqwana unesimo somzali esithuthuke kahle, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokubakhathaza ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kusalindwe inzalo. Ingaphakathi le-aquarium noma ithangi lenzelwe ukulingisa izimo zemvelo zemifula nezindawo zokugcina amanzi.
Itimu ethi "ugu olunamadwala" ilungele ukuhlelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi kunamatshe amaningi, izithiyo, ama-grottoes, izikhukhula ezingaphansi kwamanzi nokunye okunjalo. Inhlanzi ithanda ukucasha ezindaweni eziyimfihlo.
Izitshalo ngaphakathi echibini zingatshalwa, kepha i-aquarium cichlazoma uvame ukumba izilwane azidle. Zithanda ulwelwe olunamaqabunga aqinile kanye nezimpande eziqinile noma uhlaza lokuzenzela. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elikhulu lingu + 20 ... 28 ° С.
Esithombeni cichlazoma Salvini
Ngokukhethekile kukhokhelwa i-asidi nobulukhuni bamanzi. Kufanele zibe sebangeni le-pH 6.8-8.0 ne-dH 8-30 °. Ukukhanyisa kusethwe njalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ilanga liqonde ngqo, kufanele lihlakazeke.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngababili abadaliwe baziphatha ngokuthakazelisa kakhulu, lokhu kungabonwa kwividiyo kuphela, kodwa nakuyo isithombe cichlase... Bachitha sonke isikhathi sabo esikhululekile befuna indawo yokubekela amaqanda.
I-aquarist elalelayo izokwazi ukubona lo mbhangqwana owakhiwe futhi kufanele uyiswe kwenye indawo ngesikhathi sokuzalisa. Uma engekho amatshe, khona-ke izinhlanzi zizalela amaqanda ngqo endaweni ephansi eyisicaba.
Ukudla okunomsoco weCichlazoma
Izinhlanzi azikho izintandokazi ezikhethekile, zine-omnivorous. Ngokwemvelo yabo, ama-cichlids yizilwane ezidlayo, ngakho-ke bathanda ukudla kwezilwane. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi i-cichlazoma akufanele igcinwe kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane, ikakhulukazi ezivela kweminye imindeni.
Esithombeni seCichlazoma Flower Uphondo
Ukugcina impilo enhle nokuphila kahle, izinhlanzi zondliwa ngokudla okutshalwe ezitshalweni. Ukudla okukhethekile okufana namapeleti omile, ukudla kwasolwandle, ama-flakes, ukudla kwezitshalo kanye nemisundu kungasetshenziswa.
Ukwakheka kokudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kube nokudla okungamaprotheni angama-70% nemifino engama-30%. Ngaphezu substrates, unganika inhlanganisela (inyama egayiwe) kusuka imikhiqizo okulungiselelwe ngezandla zakho: inyama yenkukhu, izinhlanzi zasolwandle, izithako herbal.
Izinhlobo zeCichlaz
Abathandi bezinhlanzi zase-aquarium bakhombe izinhlobo ze-cichlaz ezithakazelisa kakhulu nezasekuqaleni.
* I-Tsichlazoma "enemigqa emnyama" - le nhlanzi iyona ethule kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-cichlids. Zivame ukubonakala ezindaweni eziningi zasemanzini. Inosayizi omncane womzimba, umbala ocacile, imivimbo emnyama eguqukayo ibekwe kahle emzimbeni. Cishe ayinalo ulaka, kungabonisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala kuphela.
Esithombeni, i-cichlazoma enemigqa emnyama noma idube
* Tsikhlazoma "idayimane"- inhlanzi evela emndenini we-cichlid, ifinyelela kubude obungu-15 cm. Oqokelwe ukumela abanye omkhulu, unombala omangalisayo, ongenakuqhathaniswa. Amabala ombala wesiliva amboze wonke umzimba, anqunywe umugqa omnyama, anikeze ubuhle obukhethekile.
* Tsichlazoma "Eliot"- inhlanzi esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, ihlala emifuleni ehlanzekile yaseGuatemala naseMexico. Umzimba upendwe ngombala kalamula ogqamile; imivimbo yomthunzi ohlukile igijima emaphethelweni engxenye eseceleni. Umbuso wokushisa omkhulu wokugcina ungama-25 ... 28 ° С.
Esithombeni se-cichlazoma ka-Eliot
* I-Tsikhlazoma "Managuan" - enye yama-cichlids amakhulu futhi anamandla kakhulu, ifinyelela usayizi ka-30-40 cm.Ngombala wayo ongavamile ibizwa nge- "jaguar", ukuqhakaza okubonwayo kunika ubuhle bezinhlanzi, kepha futhi nokubukeka okuhle kakhulu. Igcinwa kuphela emanzini amakhulu.
Esithombeni cichlazoma managuan
* I-Cichlazoma "meeka" - inhlanzi yobukhulu obumaphakathi, efinyelela ku-13-15 cm.Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba ipendwe ngomthunzi wesiliva. Abesilisa banamabala abomvu ahlukile esiswini nasengxenyeni engezansi yekhanda, bakhulu kunabesifazane. Bazolile ngokuthanda kwabo, uma kunesidingo, bayinqobe ngentshiseko insimu.
Esithombeni se-cichlazoma kaMeek
* Tsikhlazoma "severum" Ungummeleli ogqamile nonemibala yama-cichlids. Ubukhulu bomzimba buhlangene futhi buncane, cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya ku-15. Isakhiwo somzimba wonke sinomusa futhi siyavumelana, ngokushesha siheha iso. Ama-subspecies athola igama lawo ngenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zitholakale ezifundeni ezisenyakatho. Kwehluka ikakhulukazi ulaka kokuqukethwe kweqembu. Isazi sasemanzini esinamakhono kuphela esizokwazi ukugcina umhlambi nge-aquarium enkulu kanye nokuklanywa kwezinhlanzi okunekhono.
Esithombeni, i-citron cichlazoma
* Tsikhlazom "Sedzhika" - inhlanzi evela kuhlobo lwe-cichlids, inobukhulu obulinganiselwa ku-10-12 cm.Okuthula kakhulu futhi onamahloni phakathi kwezihlobo zabo. Umzimba onsundu ngokukhanyayo, amaphiko aluhlaza ophuzi, kunemivimbo eshintshanayo ezinhlangothini.
* Tsichlazoma "flamingo" - omele ama-cichlids amancane 8-15cm. Inhlanzi iyaheha ngombala wayo. Okuyinhloko okubomvana, kunezibonelo ezidwetshiwe ngemibala ephaphathekile noma egcwele. Abesilisa bacishe baphindwe kabili kunabesifazane, ingxenye yabo engaphambili inamandla. Okuwukuphela kwama-subspecies angaziqhayisa ngemvelo enokuthula.
Esithombeni cichlazoma flamingo
* I-Tsichlazoma "uthingo" - omele ama-cichlids amakhulu, afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20. Inomzimba ohlangene, izingxenye ezisemaceleni ziyabhebheka. Ikhanda elikhulu, elinomlomo omkhulu namehlo aqhakazile. Umbala uphethwe ngamathoni aphuzi, aluhlaza futhi abomvu. Amachashaza anezithunzi eziningi asakazeka ngokungahleliwe kuwo wonke umzimba. Umsila namaphiko kunokuhleleka okumnyama.
* "Inyosi" ye-Tsichlazoma - inhlanzi yobukhulu obuphakathi (8-10 cm), izwe langakubo yiRio Negro River ne-Amazon. Ama-subspecies ayathandeka ngombala womzimba wawo ongajwayelekile - omnyama onokuchichima okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi esikalini ngasinye esimnyama kukhona ichashaza eliluhlaza okwakha umphumela "wesibuko".
Esithombeni inyosi ye-cichlazoma
* I-Tsichlazoma "Nicaraguan" - i-cichlid enkulu (kufika ku-20 cm). Inesakhiwo somzimba esingajwayelekile, ikhanda liyindunduma, umlomo uphansi kakhulu. Umbala wezinhlanzi uyathakazelisa: umzimba uyisiliva, ikhanda liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti isisu sinombala onsomi. Okuqukethwe akuyona into ehlekisayo, enokuthula.
Ukuhambisana kweCichlazoma nezinye izinhlanzi
Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngawo wonke ama-subspecies ama-cichlids ngokwendawo yangakini. Njengoba i-cichlazoma iyinhlanzi edla ezinye, kukhona ulaka kuyo ngokwemvelo. Kuyindawo, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzala. ICichlazoma ihlanganisiwe nezinye izinhlanzi, ezinkudlwana ngosayizi, ezincane, kumane kumunce.
Esithombeni cichlazoma labiatum
Uma ugcina ngababili ama-subspecies afanayo ku-aquarium eyodwa, khona-ke umthamo kufanele ube mkhulu (ngaphezu kwamalitha angama-400). Ngaphakathi, ngosizo lwamatshe, ungakha uhlobo oluthile lwama-shutter, azosebenza njengokwahlukaniswa kwendawo. Inqubo enjalo ngeke isebenze ngokuphelele kuwo wonke ama-subspecies, kepha kuma-cichlids amaningi, yebo.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nezici zocansi zama-cichlases
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, lo mbhangqwana uzama ukucasha ngokujule nangokunokwenzeka. Ukushintsha umbuso wokushisa ojwayelekile ufudumele kuyisibonakaliso sokuzala. Insikazi ibeka amaqanda ematsheni, ezindaweni ezisicaba noma emigodini. Thosa cichlazomas ukulungele ukubhukuda ngosuku lwesihlanu.
Cishe kuwo wonke ama-cichlid subspecies icichlazoma wesilisa kukhulu kunowesifazane. Isici saso esihlukile yisigaxa esinamafutha esiphongweni. Isici esigqame kakhulu sowesilisa umbala ogqamile. Ochwepheshe bezinhlanzi base-aquarium abanolwazi banquma izici zocansi ngamaphiko.
Esithombeni cichlazoma Nicaragua
Thenga i-cichlazoma ongakwenza kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luyathandwa futhi luhlala lukhona esitokweni. Ezimakethe ezikhethekile, ungathenga izinto eziningi eziwusizo: kusuka kuma-aquariums nakwizesekeli ukondla nezithasiselo.
Intengo inhlanzi cichlazoma kungama-ruble angama-200-300, konke kuya ngohlobo nombala. Ukuthengisa izinhlanzi zasemanzini (cichlase) Ingabe ibhizinisi elinenzuzo. Isidingo sazo sikhula minyaka yonke futhi sikhombisa futhi ukuthi siyasiza futhi siyafundisa.
