Izinhlobo zezinkukhu zaseMaran esetshenziswa kabanzi emapulazini ukukhiqiza inyama namaqanda. Igama lezinyoni alijwayelekile ngokwendawo yethu - lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zaqanjwa ngedolobha laseFrance lapho zazalelwa khona ngabalimi.
Njengoba iMaran isendaweni ebanda kunazo zonke eFrance, izinkukhu zibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kahle kakhulu. Inkukhu yethulwa emphakathini ngo-1914 embukisweni waminyaka yonke - okuholele ekutheni kuthathwe isinqumo sokuyinikeza umklomelo wegolide.
UChur Maran ikakhulukazi etshalwa abahlali bamazwe aseYurophu. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaqondakali kakhulu, azithandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu - ikakhulukazi amayadi wezinkukhu akhethekile ahlanganyela ekuzaleni kwawo.
Incazelo kanye nezici zohlobo lwezinkukhu zaseMaran
Izinyoni zinemvelo ezolile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye zihamba njalo. Izimpaphe zazo ezicwebezelayo zikhipha ukukhanya okumnandi. Izinkukhu zaseFrance zingapendwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene: omnyama, ithusi, obomvu, isiliva, igolide, okumhlophe ngisho nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izinkukhu ezimnyama nezethusi Kutholakala kaningi abamele ngezimpaphe zezinye izithunzi. Amaqhude anezindawo ezinkulu zegolide ezifubeni zawo, kanti izimpaphe ezitholakala ngemuva zipendwe ngemibala egqamile ebomvu. Izinkukhu zalolu hlobo zicishe zibe mnyama, endaweni yentamo kunamabala amancane egolide afana nomgexo.
Esithombeni kunezinkukhu ezimnyama nezethusi i-maran
Uhlobo lwesibili olukhulu ngohlobo lweMaranov lwesiliva negolide okuthiwa yimibala ye-cuckoo. Inkukhu maran cuckoo Idume ngombala wayo wezimpaphe: izimpaphe zegolide noma zesiliva zisakazeke emzimbeni omnyama, futhi kunezimpaphe eziningi zegolide kwabesifazane, nezesiliva kwabesilisa.
Inkukhu maran cuckoo
Kukhona nezinkukhu ezinombala kakolweni. Izimpaphe zesilisa zimnyama, lonke ikhanda nesifuba kuhlotshiswe ngamabala egolide. Izimpaphe zezinsikazi zigolide ngokuphelele noma zibomvu ngokukhanyayo.
Kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile izinkukhu zasolwandle eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Izimpaphe zalezi zinyoni ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nekhanda limbozwe izimpaphe ezinombala wethusi. Kukhona futhi ama-maran amancane - amancane.
Izinkukhu maran blue
Abamele izinhlobo zaseColombia zemaran nazo zinikezwe ukubukeka okuthakazelisayo: izinkukhu zimhlophe ngokuphelele, entanyeni yazo, izimpaphe ezimnyama zakha indandatho. Jikelele incazelo yezinkukhu zasemaran ikuvumela ukuthi ugqamise amaqiniso ayisisekelo alandelayo:
- Isisindo somzimba seqhude ngu-3.5 -4 kg, inkukhu ingu-3 kg
- Amehlo anemibala egqamile ngokubomvu okusawolintshi
- Izimpaphe zilingana ngokuqinile emzimbeni
- Izinzwani ezine zakheka ezinyaweni zombala okhanyayo
- Umzimba wenyoni uvulekile, ikhanda lincane, umsila mfushane
- Amaqhude anezimpaphe ezicebile kakhulu kunezinkukhu. Futhi zinamacici amakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.
Esithombeni izinkukhu ze-marana ubukeka ubalulekile futhi ubabazekayo ngandlela thile. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okuhle, abantu bababiza ngokuthi "bobukhosi".
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwezinkukhu zaseMaran
Izinyoni zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngamahora amade emini nesikhathi esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ubude behora elifanele lasemini akufanele kube ngaphansi kwamahora ayi-11, ngenkathi eshisayo - ukukhanya okuthe xaxa, kuba ngcono.
Okudumile izinkukhu ezimnyama zemarano njengabo bonke abanye abameleli bohlobo lwaseFrance, bathanda isikhala: indawo ebiyelwe yokuhlala kwabo kufanele ibe nendawo ehlaba umxhwele.
Izinkukhu ezimnyama ze-marana
Udinga futhi ukuqapha izinga lomswakama ehhokweni lezinkukhu, uma liphezulu ngokwanele lidinga ukufuthwa umoya njalo. Izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu lokukhula izinkukhu maran + 15 C.
Ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kulinganiswe futhi kuqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini namaminerali. Ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kube nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusanhlamvu nemifino.
Ukuze izinkukhu zikwazi ukundiza kahle futhi zikhuluphale, kunezelwa izithako zokuthengisa ekudleni, kanye ne-calcium ne-shell rock, edingekayo ekukhiqizeni amaqanda njalo. Ukufeza lokhu, izinyoni ziphinde zondliwe ngenhlanzi ebilisiwe kanye nesidlo sethambo.
Izinkukhu zalolu hlobo zikhuliswa ukuze zithole inyama enhle kakhulu namaqanda amnandi. Inkukhu izalela amaqanda angaba ngu-150 ngonyaka, enesisindo esingama-70g, umbala wawo ofana nombala woshokholethi omnyama.
Esithombeni, amaqanda ezinkukhu zasemaran
Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi amaqanda ezinkukhu zaseMaran okumnandi kakhulu, ngoba banokunambitheka kwesici okuchazwe kahle. Ngokuya ngemibono yabantu abagcina izinyoni, ukunambitheka kwamaqanda ngqo kuncike kumbala wegobolondo: amaqanda amnyama kakhulu anambitha acebe kakhulu. Ezweni lokuzalwa lezinyoni, imikhiqizo yabo ivame ukudliwa iluhlaza - ochwepheshe banesiqiniseko sokuthi igobolondo eliminyene alivumeli ukungena kwamagciwane.
Ukuzala nokondla izinkukhu zaseMaran
Ukuzalela izinkukhu zaseMaran ngokusho kwabalimi, inqubo ilula impela. Kunezindlela ezimbili:
1. Indlela yemvelo - amaqanda ashiywa ngaphansi kwesikhukhukazi, esizobandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni inzalo.
2. Indlela yokufakelwa - amaqanda athathwa endlini yezikhukhukazi afakwa ku-incubator, lapho izinkukhu zizalwa khona ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa elilawulwayo.
Ukuzalisa amatshwele afana kakhulu nohlobo lweqiniso, ngokusho kochwepheshe, udinga ukuthatha amaqanda amnyama kakhulu. Amagobolondo amaqanda adume ngamandla awo aphakeme, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi lapho izinkukhu sezikulungele ukushiya indawo yazo ethokomele, udinga ukubasiza: ukufiphaza umoya osegumbini uye ku-75% bese udabula igobolondo elibhekene noqhwaku, indawo yalo enqunywa kusetshenziswa umsindo ovela eqandeni.
Uma amaphuphu echanyuselwa ngendlela yesibili, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela, adluliselwa ebhokisini, lapho ngaphambili kwakubekwa isiqephu sezicubu. Kufakwa i-grate ngaphezulu kwebhokisi, bese kuthi isibani sikhanyiswe futhi izinga lokushisa ligcinwe ku- + 30 C.
Izinga lokushisa lehla kancane kancane kulo lonke isonto, bese izinkukhu zingakhishelwa ngaphandle ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga efudumele (+20 nangaphezulu). Sicela wazi ukuthi izinkukhu ezincane akufanele ziqandeke, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela inhlalakahle yazo.
Izinkukhu zondliwa ngokohlelo oluthile:
- Izinsuku ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa, kufanele bondliwe isikhuphasha esibilisiwe.
- Ukudla kwezinsuku ezimbili ezizayo kufanele kugcwaliswe ngenani elilinganisiwe lamabele. Inani lokuphakelwa izikhathi eziyisithupha.
- Ngemuva kokuthi izinkukhu zinezinsuku ezinhlanu ubudala, amagobolondo aqoshiwe afakwa kokuphakelayo okungenhla. Lapho unezinsuku eziyi-10, inani lokuphakelwa liphindwe izikhathi ezine.
- Izingane ezineminyaka eyishumi ubudala ziqala ukuzitika kancane kancane ngoqathe nama-clover, phambilini abelashwa ngamanzi abilayo.
- Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate sinikezwa kabili ngesonto esikhundleni sokuphuza.
- Abantu abafinyelele eminyakeni yobudala bezinyanga ezine baqala ukondla ngokudla "kwabantu abadala".
Intengo nokubuyekezwa kohlobo lwezinkukhu zaseMaran
Ngemuva kokuhlaziya konke ukubuyekezwa kwezinkukhu maraneshiywe ngabantu ababambe izinyoni isikhathi eside, kungafinyelelwa eziphethweni ezilandelayo.
- Inyama namaqanda asezingeni elifanele
- Azifuneki ngezimo, futhi zibekezelela ngokuphelele isimo sezulu esibandayo nesimanzi.
- Yiba nokuzivikela okuhle ezifweni ezahlukahlukene
Yize kunenani elikhulu lezinzuzo, zinezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu - imvamisa izinkukhu ziyafa ngenxa yokuthi azikwazi ukubhoboza igobolondo elijiyile ngomlomo wazo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke njalo inqubo yokuchamisela ukuze ukhethe ngesikhathi igobolondo leqanda ukuze kube lula ngenkukhu ukuphuma.
Uma kunesifiso sokuthola ubuhle obunjalo, thenga izinkukhu zemaran kungenzeka emapulazini amakhulu akhethekile, nakubalimi abancane. Futhi ungathenga emazweni aseYurophu ngokwakho noma ngomxhumanisi.
Intengo yezinkukhu zaseMaran ngqo kuxhomeke ebudaleni: amaphuphu amasonto onke abiza ama-ruble angama-400-450, izinkukhu ezinamasonto amabili ubudala - 450-500, inyoni eneminyaka eyisiqingatha - 5750-6000. Izindleko zeqanda lokufukamela zingama-ruble angama-300-350. Izinyoni ezinkulu ngokuqinisekile zizoqokomisa kakhulu kunoma yiliphi igceke, futhi amaqanda angajwayelekile azomangaza ngisho ne-gourmet esheshayo.
