Izithombe emadwaleni ezilwane ezinhle kakhulu ezinezimpondo ezinamagatsha zisindile esikhathini sethu. Ngalezo zinsuku, umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu wawuzingela.
Ngasizathu simbe, lesi silwane esithile kwakuyisisulu esikhulu sabazingeli, futhi hhayi amabhere, noma izimpisi, noma izingulube zasendle, ezazinenani elikhulu nje. Izinyamazane ezinhle ngasizathu simbe uthakazelisa wonke umuntu ngaphezu kwakho konke.
Yize ukuzingelwa kwakhe kungabizwa ngokuthi ukuzijabulisa okujwayelekile, okuyinkimbinkimbi. Lesi silwane esibucayi futhi esisheshayo siqikelela kuyo yonke into, akulula kangako ukusithatha ngezandla. Okokuqala nje, usadinga ukuthungathwa.
Bese, ngokunakekela okukhulu, sondela kuye ukuze ushaye. Ukushaywa kufanele kube namandla impela, ngaphandle kwalokho umzingeli uqobo angaphenduka isisulu ngoba Izinyamazane ezibomvu zaseSiberia anganikeza ukwenqatshwa okufanelekile.
Uma ukuzingela kuphumelele, impilo eyanelisayo yanikezwa sonke isizwe inyanga, noma ngaphezulu. Kepha kuyaphuthelwa lapho kuzingelwa inyamazane isilwane esihle ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, yaphela kahle.
Umzingeli akakwazanga ukuhlala ephila njalo futhi ephilile. Kwabalimele indlovukazi yenyamazane ebomvu amandla amakhulu ngokumangalisayo, uyakwazi ukukhubaza nokubulala umzingeli nawo wonke umuntu oseduze kwakhe.
Ngokwezinganekwane zabantu basendulo, bekukholelwa ukuthi imiphefumulo yezilwane, njengabantu nje, inokuphila emva kokufa. Kubantu bonke, izinyamazane kade zaba yisilwane esihlonishwa ngokujulile.
Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kungani inkolo yasendulo ye-totemic yayilinganisa i-duel phakathi komuntu nenyamazane. Izinyamazane bezilokhu ziyizilwane zaphezulu. Inganekwane yathi ukubulala imishado engaphezu kwemibili ngonyaka yisono esikhulu, okuzodingeka ukuthi usikhokhele kungekudala.
Akunzima ukucabanga kusuka ezithombeni zasendulo ukuthi abaculi abadwebe lesi silwane esihle babephefumulelwe kangakanani. Inqubo yokudweba emadwaleni ngumsebenzi onzima futhi okhandlayo.
Kepha konke lokhu kwenziwa ngemizamo emikhulu nothando lokuzuzisa umuntu. Abantu bebelokhu benethemba ngemishado. Wonke umuntu wayeqiniseka ukuthi umoya wakhe wokuvikela uzonikeza abantu ukuchuma futhi ulondoloze amandla abo.
Isithombe sezinyamazane ezibomvu, ikhanda lakhe eliphakanyiswe ngokuziqhenya elinezimpondo ze-chic ezinamagatsha alishiye muntu engenandaba. Ubani obone lesi simangaliso empilweni yangempela uhlala ehlaba umxhwele isikhathi eside.
Incazelo nezici zenyamazane ebomvu
Igama ngokwalo, inyamazane ebomvu, lifaka izinhlobo eziningana zezinyamazane, ezihlukene ngesisindo nombala. Kodwa bonke abamele lolu hlobo banezimpondo ezinkulu ezinamagatsha.
Ukuma okuziqhenyayo komshado kusikhombisa amandla amakhulu nesimo sokuvukela. Ngokuphakama okukhulu kuka-170 cm nesisindo esifinyelela ku-400 kg, chic izimpondo zenyamazane ebomvu, isilwane singazivikela kalula kunoma yisiphi isitha.
Ngisho nezimpisi zingaphezu kwamandla alesi silo. Abahlali besengozini yokumhlasela. Ukuphela komuntu ongakwazi ukuzingela lesi sidlakela sehlathi yindoda.
Eminyakeni edlule, abantu bahlukanise indlela yabo yokuphila kancane, bafunda ukufuya izilwane ezifuywayo, ukuze kungabi ngokuzingela nje kuphela ukuthola ukudla kwabo. Kodwa izinyamazane zisadingeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi zinenyama yokudla okumnandi ngokuphelele. It has a ukunambitheka emnandi kakhulu futhi ezintekenteke.
Esithombeni kukhona inyamazane ebomvu
Kunezinto eziningi ezilusizo futhi zilandelela izakhi kuwo kangangokuthi ngeke nje iqhathaniswe nenye inyama. Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaqapheleka ukuthi abantu abavame ukudla inyama yezinyamazane abangeni ezingcupheni zezifo ezahlukahlukene, okubalwa kuzo umdlavuza.
Kepha igazi lezimishado libaluleke kakhulu. Abantu bafunda ngezindawo zayo zokuphulukisa eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Kudala kukholakala ukuthi igazi lezinyamazane lisiza abantu ukuthi balondoloze ubungqabavu futhi bahlehlise inqubo yokuguga isikhathi eside.
Indaba le itshela ukuthi igazi lezindondo lingumuthi obaluleke kakhulu kuma-shaman. Kwaba naye bakwazi ukwelapha izifo ezingenathemba kakhulu. Wayebhekwa ngokufanele njengesidakamizwa sokuphila. Abantu bomdabu base-Altai naseNyakatho basalashwa ngalo muthi oyisimangaliso.
Umhlaba ophucukile ucebile ngemithi ehlukahlukene esekwe egazini nasezimpondweni zomshado. Izinyamazane ezibomvu zingezohlobo lwe-chordate, isigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo, i-artiodactyl oda, umndeni wezinyamazane.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyamazane zinosayizi abahlukene. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwalezi zilwane kusuka ku-0.8 kuye ku-1.5 m, ubude bazo bufinyelela ku-2 m, kanti isisindo sazo singu-200-400 kg. Kukhona inyamazane encane eyakhiwe. Ubude bayo abudluli ku-1 m kanti isisindo sayo cishe siyi-50 kg.
Izinyamazane ezibomvu zibizwa kanjalo ngoba zinokuma okuhle kakhulu, okuwumzimba omncane, nokwakheka okulinganayo, intamo ende futhi nekhanda elikhanyayo nelilula. Amehlo ezinyamazane anombala ophuzi ngokunsundu. Ama-grooves abonakala kahle atholakala eduze kwabo. Isifaca sibonakala kahle ebunzini elibanzi.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyamazane zinemilenze emincane nenomusa, kanti ezinye, ngokuphambene nalokho, zifushane kakhulu. Kepha konke kuphawuleka ngokuqina kwemisipha yemilenze neminwe ohlangothini, nolwelwanyane ekuhlanganeni.
Amazinyo esilwane ayinkomba ephelele yobudala baso. Izinga lokugaya amazinyo namazinyo aqoshiwe, ukugobeka kwawo ne-engeli yokuthambekisa kwenza uchwepheshe ukuthi anqume ngokunembile ukuthi imadali inkulu kangakanani.
Izimpondo ziyisici esivelele salezi zilwane. Izinyamazane zamanzi nezinsikazi ezingenazimpondo kuphela ezishoda ngazo. Ukwakheka okuhle kwamathambo okunjalo kutholakala kuphela kwabesilisa. Ama-reindeer anezimpondo kubo bobubili ubulili, kuphela kwabesifazane bancane ngokuqhathaniswa.
Bangaphezu kwengxenye yezinyamazane abachitha izimpondo zabo minyaka yonke. Endaweni yabo, okusha kwakhiwa ngokushesha. Ekuqaleni, ziqukethe uqwanga, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zigcwala izicubu ezicinene zethambo.
Ukukhula kanye nekhwalithi yabo kuncike ngokuphelele ekudleni kwesilwane. Izimpondo ziyisici esihlukile sezinyamazane ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo. Abazilahli isikhathi eside.
Izilwane ezihlala endaweni esenkabazwe azikaze zichithe izimpondo zazo. Leli yithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuzivikela kwabesilisa. Uma zikhudlwana, maningi amathuba okuthi izinyamazane zinqobe i-duel.
Izilwane zihlela izimpi kaningi ngelungelo lokuthola owesifazane. Izimpondo zenyamazane ezinamaphiko angu-120 cm zisiza isilwane ukumba ubulembu ngaphansi kweqhwa.
Uboya obuncane futhi obufushane buyabonakala esikhunjeni sezinyamazane. Yilokhu ayikho ehlobo. Ebusika, uboya buba bude bube bukhulu. Umbala wayo uza ngayo yonke inhlobo yemibala, kusuka kokumpunga kuya kokunsundu nawo wonke amaphalethi aphakathi, abonwe futhi abonwe. Lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezingamashumi amabili ezisheshayo. Ngokucasha ekufuneni, inyamazane iba nesivinini esingu-50-55 km / h.
Indlela yokuphila nezinyamazane ezibomvu
Amazwe aseYurophu nase-Asia, eRussia, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, e-Afrika, e-Australia, eNew Zealand yizindawo zezinyamazane ezibomvu. Kulezi zilwane, ukungakhathali kwendawo okuhlala kuyo akuzange kunakwe.
Zinethezekile zombili ezindaweni ezisicaba nasezindaweni zezintaba. Zikhetha izinyamazane nezindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, izindawo zama-tundra mosses kanye no-lichen.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinyamazane, izindawo ezithandeka kakhulu ezinomswakama ophezulu. Ngakho-ke, zihlala eduze kwemizimba yamanzi. Ekushiseni okukhulu, izilwane zimane zikhuphukele emanzini futhi ngaleyo ndlela zipholile kuwo.
Lezi yizilwane eziyimizulane. Ehlobo, izinyamazane zihlala emahlathini, lapho kunezimfunda zamakhambi. Ukudla kwazo kuyashintshana nokulala otshanini ukuphumula. Ebusika, zingazulazula emahlathini angaweleki ngoba kulapho kucishe kungabi khona ukuqhwaqhwa kweqhwa futhi kunokudla okuningi ngaphansi kweqhwa elincane.
Izindondo zinamahloni. Ngasikhathi sinye, banovalo futhi banolaka. Izilwane ezisencane zivame ukuba nezimpi zabantu abadala ezibucayi kakhulu esikhundleni semidlalo ejwayelekile ejwayelekile ngokweminyaka yazo.
Izimpi ezinjalo zisikhumbuza imincintiswano yesibhakela. Abahlanganyeli ababili abathandanayo bavuka emilenzeni yabo yangemuva bese bashayana ngemilenze yabo yangaphambili. Noma yini ebucayi kakhulu ayivamile ukubonwa.
Lokhu kusebenza kwabesilisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, insikazi, ngokusongela ubungozi ezinganeni zayo, ingahlasela isilwane esinonya kakhulu ngaphandle kokwesaba. Kwaphulwa okungaphezu koyedwa emuva kwezimpisi ngenxa yokushaywa umlenze wenyamazane yesifazane.
Kwesinye isikhathi babekhubazeka nje. Abesilisa bamane bachoboze izimpisi ngezinyawo zabo. Ngalesi sizathu, ngisho nezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye zihlala zinesifiso sokuthatha umhlalaphansi noma ukuhlasela inyamazane emhlambini omkhulu.
Izinyamazane ezisencane zisongelwa yi-wolverine. Ngeke kube nzima ngalesi silo esikhuluphele futhi esinamandla ukudabula imishado encane ngaphandle kwesipiliyoni. I-Wolverines izama ukugwema izinyamazane ezindala.
Maqondana nabantu, izinyamazane zizwa ukwesaba kwangempela. Zibaleka zinuke nephunga elincane lomuntu. Ngisho nowesifazane akazami ukuvikela ingane yakhe lapho isezandleni zomuntu. Athule abuke okwenzekayo. Yinsikazi esikhulile kunazo zonke ezinyamazane ezibomvu ezivame ukuma ekhanda lomhlambi omkhulu oxubekile.
Izinhlobo zezinyamazane ezibomvu
Abaphenyi balinganisela ukuthi bangu-51 uhlobo lwenyamazane ebomvu. Abanye bajwayele ukwengeza ama-moose, ama-roe deer nama-muntjaks kulokhu kuqanjwa. Eqinisweni, uma kunokufana okuthile phakathi kwabo, kungenxa yokuthi bayizihlobo eziseduze kuphela.
Izinhlobo ziyehluka ngokwazo ngezici zazo zangaphandle, ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo, indlela yokuphila nosayizi. Banokuningi okufanayo. Okuwukuphela kwento inyamazane yamanzi, engenazo izimpondo.
Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zinenani elikhulu lama-subspecies. Isibonelo, inyamazane ebomvu ineziningi zazo kunabo bonke abanye abazalwane. Izinyamazane ezibomvu zaseCaucasus ubhekwa njengomunye wemishado emikhulu kunayo yonke. Kuyisibonelo esibaluleke kakhulu sesayensi, imboni nobuhle.
Ukudla kwezinyamazane ezibomvu
Izinyamazane zikhetha ukudla kwezitshalo. Bathanda amaqabunga, amahlumela, amahlumela ezihlahla zonyaka nezihlahla. Ehlobo, ukudla kwabo kuhlanjululwa ngobulembu, amakhowe namajikijolo ahlukahlukene.
Ogwini, ulwelwe olulahliwe luyabonakala kaningi. Izindondo zidla lo mkhiqizo ngenjabulo. Esikhathini esiningi, izinyamazane zidla amagatsha ezihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjenge-oki, i-beech, i-ash, i-willow, i-apula lasendle, ipheya.
Izinhlamvu zibaluleke kakhulu kulezi zilwane, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo. Uma ngasizathu simbe kungekho ukudla okwanele, kusetshenziswa izinaliti zikaphayini, kepha lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu ngoba lo mkhiqizo ubangela ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya isilwane, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sezinyamazane ezibomvu
I-Reindeer inesikhathi sokumatanisa esingajwayelekile. Imvamisa zonke izilwane ezincelisayo zikwenza lokhu entwasahlobo. Kuma-marals, konke kwenzeka ekwindla. Ukukhwelana kuqala ezimpini ezinamandla phakathi kwabesilisa.
Imvamisa zihambisana nemisindo ephezulu yokubhonga. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-9 zokukhulelwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuzalwa umntwana. Ithole lakheke ngokuphelele.
Kepha ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala, uncamela ukulala endaweni ecashile eflethini, ecashe otshanini noma ezihlahleni zefern. Wenza ukunyakaza kuphela ukumunca unina.
Kakade sezinezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ubudala, izingane zenza imizamo yazo yokuqala yokuqina ezinyaweni zazo futhi zilandele insikazi. Emasontweni amabili, sebevele bagxume kalula futhi bathuke, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana basuke ngokuphelele emhlambini.
Endle, izinyamazane ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20. Kuma-zoo, impilo yawo inwetshelwa eminyakeni engama-30. Izinyamazane ezinhle ifakiwe ku- Incwadi Ebomvu futhi ingaphansi kokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwabantu. Abanye abantu banesifiso sokubazalela epulazini labo. Thenga izinyamazane ezibomvu kuyinto yangempela. Kubiza kusuka ku- $ 2,500.
