Izinyoni zihlotshaniswa nezimilo ezihlukile kubantu, zikhonjwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimfanelo zabantu. Amagama ezinyoni eziningi avusa izinhlangano zethu.
Ekhuluma ngenyoni ye-swan, wonke umuntu uzocabanga ngobuhle bayo futhi akhumbule ukuthembeka kwe-swan. Phakathi kwalo mndeni kukhona owodwa owakhethwa njengophawu lukazwelonke lweFinland - i-whooper swan.
Incazelo nezici ze-whooper swan
I-oda lama-Anseriformes nomndeni wamadada amelwe ngokuhlukahlukene izinyonifuthi i-whooper swan omunye wabamele abangavamile. Ngaphandle, lokhu kuyi-swan ejwayelekile ngomqondo ovamile, kodwa futhi kunokwehluka okuthile.
Usayizi we-whooper swan mkhulu kakhulu: isisindo sezinyoni singama-7.5-14 kilograms. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni bufinyelela ku-140-170 cm.Iphiko lingamasentimitha angama-275. Uqhwaku lunombala kalamula onethiphu emnyama, oba ngosayizi osukela ku-9 kuye ku-12 cm.
Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane. TO incazelo ye-whooper swan kungangezwa ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo, likhulu kunedwan elincane, kepha lincane kunelithule eliyisimungulu.
Umbala wezimpaphe zezifebe umhlophe, kuningi okusamanzi phakathi kwezimpaphe. Izinyoni ezincane zipendwe ngamathoni akhanyayo ampunga, futhi ikhanda limnyama kancane ukwedlula wonke umzimba, futhi ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila ziba mhlophe njengeqhwa.
Izinyoni ezinkulu zinentamo ende (intamo icishe ilingane nobude bomzimba), ezihlala ziqonde, kunokugoba, nemilenze emifushane, emnyama. Izimpiko zazo zinamandla amakhulu futhi ziqinile, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukugcina isisindo sazo esikhulu.
Ukushaywa ngamandla okuvela ephikweni ledada kungaphula ingalo yengane. Vuliwe isithombe se-whooper swan ungabazisa bonke ubuhle nomusa wayo ongokwemvelo kulezi zinyoni.
Indawo yokuhlala i-Whooper swan
I-Whooper swan iyinyoni efudukayo. Izindawo zalo zokwakha izidleke zisengxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi i-Eurasia, ezisuka eScotland naseScandinavia ziye eSakhalin Island naseChukotka. Futhi kutholakala eMongolia, enyakatho yeJapan.
Ukuze izinyoni zasebusika zifudukela engxenyeni esenyakatho yoLwandle iMedithera, eNingizimu naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, (China, Korea), oLwandle iCaspian. Izinyoni ezidla eScandinavia, ogwini loLwandle Olumhlophe nolweBaltic, zivame ukuhlala isikhathi sasebusika ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke. Izinyoni nazo kungenzeka zingandizi zisuka e-Eurasia, inqobo nje uma amadamu lapho ahlala khona angaqandi.
Esifundeni i-Omsk whoopers zitholakala ezifundeni zaseTavrichesky, eNazyvaevsky, eBolsherechensky. Amachibi "etheku lezinyoni" nawo athola i-whooper swan ngesikhathi sokufuduka. Izinyoni zikhetha izindawo zokwakha izidleke lapho amahlathi asendaweni engaphansi kwe-arctic ebuyiselwa khona yi-tundra.
IBairovsky State Wildlife Refuge inenani elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-whooper swans andizela lapho esidlekeni. Izinyoni zizizwa zikhululekile futhi ziphephile lapho, ezisiza ukuzalanisa.
Indlela yokuphila ye-Whooper swan
AmaSwans ahlala njalo eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, ngakho-ke izinyoni zikhulu impela, zichitha iningi lempilo yazo emanzini. Izinyoni zamanzi zihlala phezu kwamanzi ziwubukhazikhazi, zigcina intamo yazo iqonde, zicindezele amaphiko azo emzimbeni.
Ngaphandle, kubonakala sengathi izinyoni zibhukuda kancane, hhayi ngokujaha, kepha uma zifuna ukuzibamba, zikhombisa amandla okuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokuvamile, ama-swans aqaphele kakhulu, azama ukuhlala emanzini kude nolwandle.
Ifuna ukusuka, i-whooper swan esindayo igijima isikhathi eside emanzini, ithola ukuphakama nejubane elidingekayo. Lezi zinyoni kuyaqabukela zihamba phansi, kuphela uma kunesidingo, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuthi zigcine umzimba wazo onamafutha emanzini noma endizeni.
Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, ama-whooper swans ahlangana ekuqaleni ngamaqembu amancane abantu abaningana. Okokuqala, izinyoni ezingashadile, bese kuthi imihlambi yabantu abafinyelela kwabayishumi indizele phezulu esibhakabhakeni imini nobusuku.
E-Eastern Siberia nasePrimorye, izikole zezindiza ezindizayo zingabonakala kaningi. Izinyoni zithatha ikhefu emanzini ukuze ziphumule, zidle futhi zithole amandla. Ekwindla, isikhathi sokufuduka siwela ngoSepthemba-Okthoba, isikhathi lapho kuza khona isithwathwa sokuqala.
Ebusuku, lapho impilo iyeka, ukukhala kwama-swans kuzwakala ngokusobala esibhakabhakeni. Kungenxa yezwi labo - i-sonorous necilongo, ababizwa ngokuthi yi-whoopop. Umsindo uzwakala njengo- "gang-go", futhi ukubizwa kwe-swan roll entwasahlobo kumnandi kakhulu, lapho amazwi abo ajabulisayo ezwakala engemuva kwemvelo yokuvuka, imifudlana ekhonondayo nezingoma zezinyoni ezincane. AmaSwans abuye asebenzise izwi lawo ukukhombisa imizwa yawo ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
Lalela izwi le-whooper swan
Ukudla kwe-Whooper Swan
Njengoba ama-swans ayizinyoni zasemanzini, isisekelo sokudla kwawo ukudla okutholakala emanzini. Lezi yizitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini ezitholwa yile nyoni ngokuntywila. AmaSwans angakhipha nezinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans nama-molluscs emanzini.
Izinyoni ezidinga amaprotheni zikuthanda kakhulu lokho kudla. Lapho zisemhlabathini, ama-swans adla utshani obuhlukahlukene, okusanhlamvu, acoshe imbewu, amajikijolo, izinambuzane nezikelemu.
Amachwane adinga ukukhula kumele adle kakhulu ukudla kwamaprotheni, akuqoqe phansi echibini, ahlale endaweni ejulile ngasogwini, futhi angene emanzini, njengoba kwenza amadada.
Izinyoni zifaka izintamo zazo ezinde emanzini, zifuna udaka ngemilomo yazo, zikha izimpande nezitshalo ezihlwabusayo. Babuye baqoqe udaka ngomlomo wabo, bese beluhluza ngezinwele ezikhethekile. Kusuka enyameni esele yenyoni, okudliwayo kukhethwa ngolimi.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nempilo ye-whooper swan
Ukufika kwentwasahlobo kwezinyoni ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi. Kuya ngendawo yokuhlala lapho amaphuphu evela. Ngakho-ke ezifundeni eziseningizimu zichanyuselwa maphakathi noMeyi, nasenyakatho kuphela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Akumangazi ukuthi zikhuluma ngokwethembeka kwe-swan - lezi zinyoni zinomfazi oyedwa, futhi zakha i-pair eyodwa yokuphila. Ngisho nasebusika zindiza ndawonye, futhi zihlala ndawonye ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kuphela uma kwenzeka kushona omunye wabalingani, owesibili angathola indawo yakhe.
Esithombeni ama-whoopers swans
Lapho zibuyela ezindaweni zazo zokwakha izidleke entwasahlobo, imibhangqwana ikhetha, uma kungenzeka, amadamu amakhulu, amabhange awo aminyene ngotshani. Njengoba lezi zinyoni zingakuthandi ukuba nabantu, zizama ukuhlela izidleke ekujuleni kwamahlathi, emachibini afihlwe emehlweni abukhali. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ogwini lolwandle uma ugu lumbozwe umhlanga nolunye uhlaza.
Umbhangqwana ngamunye unendawo yawo, lapho abantu abangaziwa bengavunyelwe khona. Uma kwenzeka kwephulwa umngcele, ama-swans azovikela impahla yawo ezimpini ezinkulu. Indawo yesidleke ivame ukukhethwa emahlathini aminyene omhlanga, imihlanga, ama-cattails. Kwesinye isikhathi khona kanye echibini, endaweni ejulile, ukuze isisekelo sesidleke sihlale phansi.
Iningi lesidleke lakhiwa ngowesifazane, osakha ngotshani obubunile. Lezi yizakhiwo ezinkudlwana, ezinobubanzi obuyimitha eli-1 kuye kwele-3. Ukuphakama kwesidleke kungamamitha angu-0.5-0.8. Ithileyi elingaphakathi livame ukufika kwengxenye yemitha ububanzi. Insikazi isakaza ngokucophelela ngotshani obuthambile, ubulembu obomile nobayo phansi nezimpaphe.
Esithombeni, i-whooper swan esidlekeni
Insikazi izalela amaqanda aphuzi amathathu kuya kwayi-7, ewafukamela yona. Uma i-clutch yokuqala ifa ngasizathu simbe, lo mbhangqwana ubeka owesibili, kodwa ube namaqanda ambalwa.
Insikazi ehleli emaqandeni iyagadwa eyeduna, ehlala iseduze. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-36, amaphuphu ayaqandusela futhi bobabili abazali bayawanakekela. Izingane zimbozwe ngwevu phansi futhi zibukeka zingavikelekile, njengazo zonke izinkukhu.
Uma kuphakama isimo esethusayo, abazali bahamba nabo baye emahlathini aminyene futhi bandizele bodwa ukuze babuye lapho kuvela ingozi. I-brood icishe ikwazi ukuzitholela ukudla kwayo, bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu iba sephikweni. Kepha, naphezu kwalokhu, izingane zihlala nabazali bazo bonke ubusika, zindizela ndawonye ebusika, zibambe ngekhanda imizila futhi zazi kahle inqubo yezindiza.
Esithombeni, intshontsho le-whooper
Ama-Swans yizinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke izilwane ezincane nezinyoni ezizingelayo azizingeli. Ingozi imelwe yizimpisi, izimpungushe, ama-raccoon, angahlasela abantu abadala, futhi abhubhise izidleke zawo.
Kukhona futhi ingozi evela ohlangothini lomuntu, ngoba i-swan iyinyama naphansi. Kepha i-whooper swan okubalwe ku- Incwadi Ebomvu IYurophu kanye namazwe ase-USSR yangaphambili. Ama-whooper swans anempilo ecishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-10.
Isibalo sayo eYurophu saqala ukwanda kancane, kepha entshonalanga yeSiberia izinyoni azikwazi ukuphola, ngoba lezi yizindawo zezimboni ezingakuvumeli ukuzala nokuphila kwalezi zidalwa ezinhle zemvelo.
