Iphengwini elincane (lat. I-Eudyptula encane) uyilungu lomndeni wama-penguin futhi ubizwa nangokuthi i-penguin eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-penguin yomlingo ngombala wayo ongenakulinganiswa nosayizi omncane.
Isikhathi eside, bebengaphansi kweso elibukhali lososayensi abanentshisekelo ekubukekeni kwabo okungajwayelekile namandla abo, futhi kube yisihloko sabantu bomdabu.
Incazelo nendawo yokuhlala kwephengwini elincane
Njengoba sekushiwo, penguin encane futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, uyena omncane emndenini wakhe. Ubukhulu bomzimba wayo buhluka kusuka ku-30 kuye ku-40 cm ubude, futhi isisindo sayo sifinyelela ku-1 kg. Umbala uhlukanisa i-penguin encane kwabanye abameleli bezinhlobo, umhlane wayo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi isisu nesifuba kumhlophe. Amaphiko aneminwe emithathu yozipho amnyama, futhi amehlo nomlomo kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma mpunga. Imilenze inomsebenzi wokuqondisa.
Izimpaphe namaphiko aguquke aba ngamaphiko akulungele ukubhukuda nokufuna amanzi emanzini. Isendlalelo esinamafutha kanye nenqwaba yezimpaphe zivikela ekungeneni kwamanzi, kanti amafutha angaphansi komzimba asiza ukugcina ukushisa.
Inani labantu ama-penguin amancane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile eSouth Australia, eChile, eNew Zealand, ePhilippines, eChile, bakhethe amabhishi, lapho bezingela khona ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi emanzini angajulile.
Uhlamvu nokondleka kwephengwini omncane
Ama-penguin akha amabhangqa asunguliwe okuzala, ahlukana kuphela lapho enye yezinyoni ifa, bese ehlala ogwini oluseduze nolwandle, akha isidleke emadwaleni. Kepha kungenzeka bangayi emhlabeni ngenxa yesikweletu sabo, bachithe isikhathi emanzini.
Zizingela kuphela zodwa, zikhetha ukuzimela, izinkalankala, izinhlanzi ezinamanzi angajulile, ama-molluscs nama-octopus. Ukudla kutholakala ngokujula ngokuntywila kukholamu lamanzi ngokujula kwamamitha angama-70.
I-metabolism yazo, esheshayo uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni, yenza abantu abasha bazingele izinsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-molting. Amaphengwini alandela indlela yokuphila yasebusuku, kanti phakathi nosuku ancamela ukuphumula ezidlekeni zawo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamaphengwini amancane Ngukuthi ubuthi benzeka ngqo ngemuva kokuba amaphuphu esegcwele ngokugcwele ngoDisemba, futhi ngemuva kwalokho abadala baya kozingela olwandle isikhathi eside, lapho bezuza khona cishe u-1 kg.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokushintsha izimpaphe, ehlala kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-18, izinyoni ziyayeka ukudla, ziphelelwe amandla, futhi zikulahle ngokushesha lokho ezikuthathile. Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi iphengwini lingazuzi isisindo esanele ukulungiselela i-molt, bese umuntu ebulawa yindlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-penguin anomsindo omkhulu. Benza ukukhala nganoma yisiphi isizathu: ukuvikela insimu, ukuthandana nowesifazane, ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu.
Ngaphezu kokumemeza, ama-penguin anezinhlobonhlobo zezimo nemithetho ku-arsenal yabo. Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, abesilisa baphatha amatshe ngoqhwaku baya kwabesifazane, belinde impendulo yabo; shaya amaphiko azo ngokuzwakalayo, wenze imisindo; yakha izidleke ukuheha umbhangqwana. Ama-penguin aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka athanda ukuhlangana ngamaqembu futhi ahlele "imibhoshongo", ejabulisa izivakashi nabantu bendawo abangakhohlwa ukukwenza isithombe samaphengwini amancane.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nempilo yephengwini encane
Imibhangqwana eyodwa ibeka amaqanda amabili lilinye kusukela ngoJuni. Lokhu kungukubonakaliswa kwesimo sokonga inani labantu, ngokusho kwezibalo, elinye lamachwane aliphili, kanti elinye lifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi. Ngonyaka owodwa, umbhangqwana ungaba namachwane ayisithupha. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-36, amachwane aqanduselwa emhlabeni, angenakuzisiza ngaphandle kwabazali. I-clutch iyashintshaniswa ngokulandelana ngowesifazane nowesilisa.
Ukondla amaphuphu kujwayelekile kwabamele lolu hlobo - bobabili abazali baphindisela ukudla emilonyeni yezingane, bezama ukungashiyi inzalo zinganakiwe, kepha emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 amandla okulawula ayancipha, futhi amaphuphu aya ngokuya ashiywe yedwa.
Futhi emva kwezinyanga ezimbili, amaphuphu azimela ngokuphelele futhi ashiye isidleke. Ngaphandle kwabazali, baphila ngokukhululeka kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3, bese kuthi emva kwalokho bavuthwe bafike eminyakeni lapho bona ngokwabo sebelungele ukuzala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngababili bama-penguin banesimo esibi kakhulu emaphuphu angaphandle, bewaxosha kude nendawo yabo, ngoba banciphisa amathuba okusinda kwamachwane abo ngokudla ukudla okulungile, bathathe izindawo eziphephile.
Izinsongo kuphengwini omncane kanye nezilwane ezizingelayo eziqothulayo
Izilwane ezincane ezisemhlabeni (amagundane, izinja, amakati), oshaka nemikhomo ebulalayo olwandle zibeka engcupheni amaphengwini nabantu abadala. Ngenxa yabantu, insimu yamaphengwini iyancipha, okubeka usongo olukhulu kubantu babo, yize manje isibalo sabo sikhulu ngokuqinile.
Esithombeni i-penguin yengane
Izinsongo nokukhishwa kukawoyela, udoti emizimbeni yamanzi, nezilwane ezifuywayo zasendle zihlasela izinyoni zasendle, zizicwilise futhi zizibulale. Imvamisa kuba khona o-penguin abanemilenze eyodwa noma abanamaphiko abanjwe kumanetha abadobi noma ezinye izilwane.
Ezindaweni zazo zemvelo, izinyoni zihlala isikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka engama-4-7, kepha amacala aqoshwe lapho esekuthunjweni iminyaka yamaphengwini yafinyelela eminyakeni engama-25. Inani lamaphengwini lingaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa.
