Umsebenzi wabalimi wokuthuthukisa izinhlobo zezinkukhu awumi nhlobo, wenziwa njalo futhi kuyo yonke indawo. Abantu bazama ukuthola imiphumela ephezulu kakhulu yezinkukhu, ukuthuthukisa okuhlukahlukene okuzokhula kunoma yiziphi izimo, kudinga ukunakwa okuncane futhi kukhiqize inyama namaqanda ngobuningi obufanele.
Lokhu kufinyelelwe ngezinhlobo eziningi zezinkukhu. Bonke banezinhlangothi zabo ezinhle nezimbi. Uhlobo lwezinkukhu oluthandekayo ngezindlela eziningi i-faverol, ekuqaleni yavela emzaneni omncane enyakatho yeFrance, ngokushesha yaheha isithakazelo sabalimi abaningi.
Kwakuyinyoni yokuqala ye- bouillon. Eminye imizamo yochwepheshe ehlobene nokukhethwa nokuwela nezinye izinyoni yenziwe inkukhu faverol umthombo wenyama emnandi esezingeni eliphakeme.
Ukuvela kwalezi zinyoni kwaqala ngekhulu le-18. Edolobhaneni elincane laseFrance elibizwa ngeFaverolles, amaMantis kanye namaGudan endabuko awelelwa ngezinhlobo zenyama ezibizwa ngeCochinchin, Brahma kanye neDorkingi.
Ngo-1886 kwavela umphumela omuhle walezi ziphambano, owabizwa izinkukhu zohlobo lwe-faverol. Ngesikhathi esifushane babonwa futhi bavunywa abafuyi bezinkukhu abaningi baseFrance futhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka bazitholela umusa wabo ngokuphelele.
Futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo, hhayi kuphela ama-gourmets awathandayo, kepha abalimi abaningi baseYurophu, abajoyinwa ngokushesha abaseMelika. Ngakho-ke lezi zinkukhu zaziwa ngokushesha kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Izinyoni zafika eRussia ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.
Ekuqaleni, azizange zinakwe ngokwanele lezi zinyoni. Lokhu kudalwe ukuthi bebengahlanganyeli emibukisweni eyehlukene. Inkukhu yokuqala yalolu hlobo, elingana ngazo zonke izindlela neziboniso zombukiso, yazalelwa eNgilandi.
Abafuyi baseJalimane nabo benza umsebenzi omningi ukuze bathuthukise izimfanelo zokukhiqiza futhi bahlanganise imininingwane yangaphandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakungekho ukukhanya okwaziwayo njengamanje i-salmon faverole. Futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi nezinkukhu ezinemibala emhlophe, emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neminye imibala.
Esithombeni, inkukhu yesalmon faverole
Incazelo kanye nezici zohlobo lwe-faverol
Kwa izincazelo zohlobo lwezinkukhu i-faverol Kuyaziwa ukuthi zombili izinkukhu namaqhude alolu hlobo angaphansi kwesigaba sezinyoni ezinkulu nezinamandla. Kepha lokhu akubenzi babe neselula encane. Banobuntu obuhle futhi obuguquguqukayo.
Izinyoni zinekhanda elincane, elisicaba, elithweswe umqhele ngekama elilula. Ukwehla kwe-crest, kukhanya kakhulu. Kulokhu, amazinyo kufanele afane. Uqhwaku lwalezi zinyoni lincane, kodwa luqinile impela, imvamisa lumhlophe noma lubomvana. Amehlo anombala obomvu ngokusawolintshi. Ama-lobes wezinyoni awabonakali ngemuva kwamathangi ezimpaphe, ngakho-ke umbala wawo awubalulekile.
Intshebe yale nyoni ilingana ngokuphelele nekhanda. Ngaphansi kwawo kunamacici athuthukile kahle kanye nama-bird lobes. Intamo eqinile, ende ngokulingene iyabonakala phakathi kwekhanda eliyisicaba nomzimba oqinile.
Vuliwe isithombe faverole ukhololo opholile ubonakala kahle, uwela phezu kwamahlombe enyoni futhi umboze ingxenye yangemuva wayo. Abesilisa balolu hlobo banesifuba esibanzi futhi esijulile nomhlane olengisiwe onomsila omncane ophendukile.
Izimpiko zezinyoni zihlala zinamathela kahle emzimbeni futhi zinesikhundla esiphakeme. Isithende se-hawk asikho kwi-tibia ephakathi ne-metatarsus. Izinyoni zineminwe emihlanu ezithweni zazo. Ukuthuthuka kubonakala kahle kuzwane lwesihlanu, uzipho lukhombe phezulu.
Izinkukhu kanye amaqhude afenda ziyehluka komunye nomunye. Esikhathini esidlule, ukucasula nesisindo kuyabonakala kakhulu. Umehluko phakathi kwabo nasemuva obanzi uyabonakala. Ezinkukhu, iphakama isondele kakhulu emsileni. Phezulu kwekhanda lezinkukhu kukhona isitayela sezinwele sokuqala futhi esiyingqayizivele.
Abamele abathandwayo kakhulu balolu hlobo yizinkukhu ezinombala we-salmon. Zilawulwa ngombala onsundu ngokubomvu nokuhlanganiswa okuncane okumhlophe nokuphuzi nomngcele wethusi.
Lezi zinkukhu zihlukaniswa ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwenyama, ukukhula okusheshayo kwezilwane ezincane, ukubeka amaqanda okungapheli ngisho nasezinyangeni zasebusika, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokuzivumelanisa okuhle kakhulu nezimo zezulu ezinzima. Lezi zinkukhu zinezinkinga ezithile - ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala kanye nokulahleka okusheshayo kwezakhiwo ezikhiqizayo lapho ziwela nezinkukhu zezinye izinhlobo.
Ngabe amachwane faverolles inkomba eyodwa ngohlobo lwenkomo. Bakhuluphala ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkukhu zizalela amaqanda ngokuphelele. Ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwayo, isikhukhukazi esisodwa singabeka amaqanda afika ku-160 ngonyaka. Eminyakeni edlule, inani lehla laya kumaqanda ayi-130. Amaqanda eFaverol ube negobolondo elinsundu ngokuphuzi. Kwesinye isikhathi lo mbala uhambisana namathoni abomvana.
Esithombeni, amaqanda ezinkukhu faverol
Isisindo esimaphakathi senkukhu e-faverolle sisuka ku-2.5 kuye ku-3.2 kg. Abesilisa banesisindo esilinganisweni esingu-3.0-4.0 kg. Izinkukhu ezincane ezithakazelisayo zalolu hlobo zazalelwa eJalimane. Ngesisindo esingeqile ku-1 kg, bathwala amaqanda ayi-120 ngonyaka.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwezinkukhu ze-faverol
Kwa izibuyekezo mayelana ne-faverol Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi yizinyoni ezinesizotha ezingadingi izimo ezikhethekile zempilo nentuthuko. Kepha kukhona ezinye izici ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezinakwa ngumuntu ofuna thenga i-faverole:
- Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwezinkukhu lukhulu ngokwanele, okuqukethwe kwamaseli okuvamile akuhambisani nazo. Izinkukhu zikhula kahle ezinkanjini ezivulekile noma egcekeni elikhulu elingaphandle. Isikhala esiningi ngesinye sezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuzigcina.
- Izinyawo zezinkukhu zifakwe izimpaphe ezikhethekile ezifudumele, ezizisindisa ezimweni ezinzima zezulu. Kodwa izinyoni zisengagula uma ihhoko lezinkukhu limanzi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, isimo sesibili esidingekayo sokugcinwa kwabo ukuba khona kukadoti ofudumele nokushintsha kwawo ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Izinyoni ziyakujabulela ukumba emhlabathini zizifunele ukudla. Igceke elikhulu ngeke nje lenyuse umsebenzi wokuhamba kwezinkukhu, kepha futhi lisize okuncane ukonga imali ngokudla abazokuzitholela kona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kwemvelo okutholakele kunamaminerali awusizo anele nezinto ezingokwemvelo.
- Lezi zinkukhu kufanele zihlukaniswe nezinye izinhlobo ukuze kugcinwe izinga lohlobo.
- Ukuzigcina akudingi uthango olukhulu kakhulu, izinyoni azithandi ukundiza phezu kwezingcingo.
- Okondlayo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-feeder amancane noma ukubenza bamiswe okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, izinkukhu ngeke zithole ithuba lokungcola ngokudla, ziyakuthanda.
- Kufanele uqale unakekele ama-perches. Akufanele zibe phezulu kakhulu. Kungcono ukuhlinzekela indlela eya ngasendlini ngesitebhisi esihlanganisiwe futhi esiqinile esizosiza inkukhu enkulu ukuyikhuphuka.
Uma ungahambisani nalezi zinkambiso, khona-ke inyoni ekhuluphele kakhulu ingawa, izilimaze futhi ithole ukuphuka.
Ukondla izinkukhu i-faverol
Lapho ubhala imenyu yezinkukhu ze-faverol, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi bavame ukudla ngokweqile futhi, ngokufanele, bathambekele ekukhuluphaleni. Lokhu kungukuphazamiseka kwabo okuyinhloko, okumele kuthathwe ngumlimi wezinkukhu. Ukuze kugcinwe isisindo sezinkukhu sijwayelekile, amazinga wokudla kufanele abhekwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukudla okuphansi kwekhalori kubo.
Ukudla kufanele kube okulinganiselayo, okusha, okunempilo ngangokunokwenzeka nenani elanele lamaprotheni namaprotheni. Uma ungahambisani nalezi zinkambiso, izinkukhu zizokwehla ngokusobala, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda azo kuzophazamiseka.
Okusanhlamvu okuphelele, ufulawa wamavithamini, amakhambi ahlukahlukene, izimpande zezithelo, imfucuza ehlukahlukene evela ekhishini, engadini kanye nensimu yemifino zilungele izinkukhu. Kubalulekile ukuthi zingabi namafutha.
Intengo yokuzala yeFaverol nokubuyekezwa komnikazi
Ukubukwa okuningi kwama-faverolles kusize ekutholeni iziphetho mayelana nawo. Kwa izibuyekezo mayelana ne-faverol kuyaziwa ukuthi lolu hlobo luzelwe yikhono lalo langaphambili lokuqhubeka nomjaho walo.
Lesi silwane manje sesilahlekile ezinkukhu eziningi. Noma omunye umlimi wezinkukhu ekwazi ukutshala inkukhu ukuze aphathe futhi achamisele amaqanda, akulona iqiniso ukuthi ngeke ayeke ukwenza lokhu endaweni ethakazelisa kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole futhi uzalise lolu hlobo, kungcono ukubhenela osizweni lwe-incubator. Izinkukhu zizalela ngenkuthalo kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala. Amaqanda aqoqelwa i-incubator agcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ezingeni lokushisa elingadluli ku-10 degrees.
Ukuze kuzalwe lezi zinkukhu ekhaya, kwanele ukugcina izikhukhukazi ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha ngeqhude ngalinye. Zibonakala ngokukhubazeka kwezinkukhu ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, akukhuthazwa ukuthenga izilwane ezincane kumthengisi ojwayelekile kaningi.
Izinkukhu ezihlanzekile zalolu hlobo oluthandekayo azitholakali kaningi. Ziyabiza futhi. Imvamisa zifuywa ekhaya ngezidingo zomuntu siqu kanye nokuhlanganyela emibonisweni. Kepha kunento eyodwa eyaziwayo - labo abasebenzise imali kepha nokho bazithengela lezi zinkukhu, ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, babuyisa izindleko zabo.
