Izinhlobo zopholi. Imibala yemvelo emhlabeni wezinyoni
Phakathi kwezinyoni, ezingathobekile futhi ezinobungane, kufaka phakathi upholi. Bahlukaniswa ngezimpaphe zabo ezikhanyayo, ikhono lokufunda, isimilo esiphilayo. Zingaki izinhlobo zopholi ezenziwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kunzima ukuzibala. Umnikazi ngamunye unesilwane sakhe siqu, esihlukile futhi esihlukile.
Abaqaphi bezinyoni babala ngaphezu kwama-350 izinhlobo zopholi. Le ngenye yezinyoni ezindala kakhulu, amaNdiya, eyokuqala ukuthambisa izinyoni ezikhanyayo, azithatha njengezingcwele ngokukwazi kwazo ukukhuluma.
Izinhlobo zopholi basekhaya yaqala ukugcwalisa kusukela ngesikhathi sika-Alexander the Great. Amaqhawe akhe athutha izinyoni ezwenikazi laseYurophu, amapholi ahlala ezindaweni zezifundazwe ezahlukahlukene.
Emndenini omkhulu wamapholi, izinhlobonhlobo zinganqunywa yizimpawu eziningi:
- ubude bomzimba;
- isisindo sezinyoni;
- ukwakheka komlomo;
- umbala wezimpaphe;
- ubukhona besikhwama.
Incazelo yawo wonke ama-congener ingafinyelela kumavolumu ambalwa. Ukwazi abamele abalulekile kuzokusiza ucabange zingaki izinhlobo zopholi emhlabeni nokuthi yimiphi imibala evelele imvelo ebanikeze yona.
Izinhlobo zopholi namagama abo
IBudgerigar
Izwe lakubo ama-budgerigars yi-Australia. Amakholoni amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezinyoni ahlala ema-savanna, amahlathi e-eucalyptus, ama-semi-desert. Ezindaweni lapho kuhlala khona izinyoni ezihlekisayo, kuhlala kukhona umthombo wamanzi eduze.
Endle, izinyoni zincane ngosayizi, zinomumo omuhle, zinezimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-phuzi noma mhlophe-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Olayini abamnyama abasekhanda banikeze amapholi igama labo.
Umlingiswa unelukuluku lokwazi futhi unobungane. Akukona nje ukuqondana kwezinto ukuthi sebedume kakhulu emindenini enezingane. Bayazi ukuthi badlala kanjani, bangaqeqeshwa, izinyoni ziyazijabulisa futhi azithobeki ezimeni zasekhaya. Bahlala ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10-15.
Njengomphumela wokukhethwa kokukhethwa, eziningi izinhlobo zama-budgies ngombala. Ngaphezu kombala wemvelo oluhlaza okotshani, izinyoni ezinombala onsomi, opinki, i-anthracite, izimpaphe ezimpunga nezinye izinhlobo zombala eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ku-budgerigars yezithombe
Izinyoni zothando
Izwe lezinyoni yizindawo zase-Afrika, iMadagascar. Bahlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo eduze kwamachibi nemifula. Inosayizi omaphakathi futhi iyahambisana ngokuma komzimba. Phakathi kwe- izinhlobo ezahlukene zopholi ungazibona ngombala ohlukile wezimpaphe ekhanda, entanyeni, esifubeni. Umlomo mkhulu.
Izinyoni zothando zathola leli gama ngenxa yothando lwemibhangqwana ngomunye nomunye kukho konke ukuphila kwazo. Basuka kuphela ibanga lapho bezwa khona umlingani wabo womphefumulo. Babheka ukudla eduze, bahlala emgodini wokunisela, baphumule.
Izidleke zenziwa emigodini emidala. Badlulisa izindwani zotshani, amahlumela phakathi kwezimpaphe ngemuva. Ngalesi sikhathi, zibonakala zinkulu futhi zinesibindi. Banempilo futhi bayashesha ngokwemvelo, bayamemeza kakhulu.
Nikeza 9 izinhlobo zopholi wezinyoni zothando kumbala wekhanda. Izinyoni zingafunda amagama ayi-10-15 futhi zilandele imiyalo elula. Njengezihlobo zabo, bathanda kakhulu ukugeza.
Ama-lovebirds ama-parrot
Nestor
Izindawo zomdabu zakwaNestor eNew Zealand. Ifana ngosayizi negwababa ngosayizi. Ukwakhiwa okuqinile, imilenze emide eqinile. Izinyoni ezinobungane futhi ezinomsindo. Amanye ama-nestor subspecies ahlala emahlathini asezintabeni.
Upholi usongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi, izilwane ezidla ezinye, ukuzingela izinyoni. Ama-subspecies kea awaziwayo athanda izindawo eziphakeme. Le nyoni isolwa ngokuhlasela izimvu, ikhiphe imihlane yezilwane. Kodwa ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-parrot angama-torus amajikijolo, izithelo, imbewu.
Esithombeni, isidleke sopholi
UCorella
Opholi abathandwa abangaphansi kwama-budgies ngenxa yokuzijabulisa kwabo, yize engafani nethalente lakhe lokufunda. Kodwa lesi silwane sinekhono lokuncenga abantu ukuba baphathe, sivule izingidi zamakheji.
Kulula ukubona i-cockatiel ngokuqina kwayo okuhlekisayo ekhanda, izimpaphe ezimpunga nombala wekhanda ophuzi. Uqhwaku lufushane. Izinyoni ezinhle zivela e-Australia. Kukholakala ukuthi empeleni zibizwa ngokuthi ama-nymphs, futhi igama lesibili liyathandwa, ngokusho kwendawo yazo.
Izimpaphe ezinezikhwepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyaqondakala zikhombisa isimo sopholi. Abakhombisi ubutha ngezihlobo, batshalwa ngisho nasemakhejini ama-budgerigars.
I-Parrot cockatiel
Upholi wesikhova
Ukubukeka kopholi kukhombisa ukufana kwe-oval ebusweni, isakhiwo sezimpaphe nesikhova. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nazo ziyizinyoni zasebusuku. Igama lesibili lopholi uKakapo. Izwe lakubo yiNew Zealand. Izici ezihlukile zopholi zisemisipheni ebuthakathaka yamaphiko, ngakho-ke cishe azindizi, kepha zihola impilo phansi.
Bahlala emakhoneni asendle esiqhingi, phakathi kwezihlahla eziseduze nemifula esezintabeni. Bagijima bagibele ezihlahleni ngobuhlakani, babambelele emagatsheni ngozipho nangomlomo. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, bahlala ezindaweni lapho kungekho zilwane ezidla ezinye.
Izimpaphe ziphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Ziphila ngokudla ubulembu namajikijolo. Izinyoni zinezwi elingajwayelekile, elikhumbuza ukukhala kwembongolo kanye nokuhayiza kwengulube. Opholi bacishe baqothulwa ngemuva kokuhlasela kwezifiki. Manje lezi zinhlobo zingaphansi kokuvikelwa futhi zihlala eziqhingini ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kososayensi.
Upholi weKakapo owl
Cockatoo
Inyoni enkulu enesigaxa esivelayo, ukubukeka kwaso kukwenza umomotheke. Upholi uthanda ukuzijabulisa ngokwedlulele futhi ujabule. Ukulungele ukukhombisa uthando nomnikazi ngokuqhubekayo. Ukhombisa ithalente lakhe ngokwazi ukubhekana nanoma ikuphi ukukhiya. Umuzwa wesigqi nokukwazi ukudansa ngokuzithandela kukhombisa ithuba lokuqala.
ICockatoo ingeka- uhlobo lopholi abakhulumayo. I-Onomatopoeia ivumela inja incibilike. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa, upholi ungaphendula umbuzo, anikeze igama, noma acule ingoma emfushane. Izwi liyamangalisa futhi lizwakala kakhulu, kepha ubuhle bomculi abunamkhawulo.
I-cockatoo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke izimpaphe ezimhlophe ezinomqhele ogqamile ogqamile ekhanda. Isikimu sombala asilokothi siqukethe imibala eluhlaza noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile embala wezinye izinhlobo. Izici ezihlukile ze-cockatoo zisemlonyeni oqinile ongavamile, ozophendula izinduku zokhuni, izinto zefenisha zibe ngama-chips.
Ezilwaneni zasendle, ihlala emihlambini ePhilippines Islands, e-Australia, e-Indonesia. Zivumelanisa kahle. Ziphila ngokudla kwezitshalo nezinambuzane. Bahlukaniswa ngothando olukhulu ngalowo okhethiwe, bahlala bethembekile zonke izimpilo zabo. Isikhathi sekhulu labo yiminyaka engama-70-90.
Esithombeni i-cockatoo ebomvana
UJaco
Upholi wase-Afrika onezimpaphe ezimhlophe ezimnyama nokuhlakanipha okuphezulu kwezinyoni. Izimfanelo zokuxoxa mhlawumbe zihle kakhulu phakathi kwezihlobo. Silulumagama salokhu uhlobo lukapholi okhulumayo ifinyelela kumagama ayi-1500. Yize inyoni idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nangekhono, abaningi baphupha ngokwenza umngani onezimpaphe onjalo.
Okumpunga kunomsila obomvu nomsila onsundu. Ngokwemvelo, izinyoni zihlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Zindiza amabanga amade ziyofuna ukudla, kepha zichitha ubusuku zibuyela ezindaweni zazo ezijwayelekile. Isundu lamafutha wukudla okuthandwa kakhulu ngopholi.
Izinyoni ezifuywayo zidinga ukuxhumana njalo. Zonke izindaba zomnikazi kufanele zenzeke ngokubamba iqhaza kwesilwane esifuywayo. Udinga ukuhanjiswa ngemidlalo, imisebenzi, ukukhuluma, ukugeza.
Inyoni le iba nesizungu nokunganakwa kabuhlungu, isimilo siwohloka ngokubonakalayo. Upholi uqala ukuzilimaza. Ukuhlwitha izimpaphe zakho kuwuphawu lwezinkinga zenhlalo nezomzimba kwaGrays.
Izinyoni ziphila cishe iminyaka engama-50, zigcina ubungqabavu namandla engane ehlakaniphile futhi ethanda ukwazi. Upholi unesibopho sobungane nokwethembana, uthando oluqotho nothando.
Esithombeni i-parrot grey
Upholi we-Ara
I-parrot enhle kakhulu futhi enemibala enemibala ecwebezelayo enemibala yothingo lwenkosazana. Ubukhulu obukhulu bale nyoni buyahlaba umxhwele: ukuphakama okunomsila kufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90-96. Uqhwaku olunesimo sehuku elinamandla luyamangalisa. Ngokusho kwabaqaphi bezinyoni, lo mlomo wopholi onamandla kunayo yonke.
Kunezinhlobo ezine zezinyoni ngokuya ngemibala ehlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-hyacinth macaw engavamile kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, ama-parrot ahlala eBrazil, eMelika, eMexico, ePeru. Zindiza kahle kakhulu, zimboza kuze kufike ku-500 km ngosuku. Badla izithelo eziningi, ngakho-ke bangahamba ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside.
Ngeshwa, izinhlobo ze-macaw zisengozini. Abazingeli bathembekile futhi babulala zonke izinhlobo zopholi. Ama-Macaws ayedwa. Ukulahlekelwa ngumlingani kuhambisana nesimo esingaduduzeki sopholi wesibili. Ngalesi sikhathi, usengozini enkulu.
Bahamba ngokuzithandela ukuxhumana nomuntu, kepha hhayi wonke umuntu ozonquma ukuthatha isilwane asekhaya. Isizathu asikho kuphela ngosayizi nokukhala okukhulu kwale nyoni, kodwa futhi nasothandweni oluqinile lomnikazi. I-Ara izodinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, njengengane encane.
Izinyoni ezihlakaniphe ngokumangazayo nezinekhono zifunda ukucela ukudla, iziphuzo, ziveze isifiso sokuxhumana, zibingelele osikhulumelayo. Uhlamvu isilwane akhiwa maqondana naye.
Upholi we-Ara
Upholi ohlanganisiwe
E-Australia, ikhaya lopholi abathandwe ngama-collared, angatholakala emapaki, eduze kwabantu. Bathole igama emgqeni onemibala osekhanda. Ziyasebenza kakhulu, zinombala we-variegated, zithanda ukufudumala futhi zihlala otshanini obude, phakathi kwezihlahla.
Okukhethekile kopholi ukuthi badla phansi. Ukudla kufaka izinhlamvu, imbewu, izithelo, amajikijolo, izibungu zezinambuzane. Bahlala bemihlambi, bakhombisa ubungani nokwethembana. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zopholi ziletha injabulo. Isikhathi sokuphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-30.
Upholi ohlanganisiwe
Upholi womgexo
Ngokwemvelo, ophololo bomgexo bahlala e-Asia nase-Afrika. Usayizi wesilinganiso, kufika ku-50-60 cm ngomsila. Umbala uluhlaza kakhulu, esifubeni kunomphetho opinki, owanikeza igama lohlobo. Abesifazane nabancane abangenayo imigexo. Ingxenye engenhla yomlomo ibomvu, engezansi imnyama.
Ukuzalela izinyoni ezingathobeki bekulokhu kwenzeka kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Lapho ihamba, le nyoni ihlala phezu komlomo wayo. Imodi yokunyakaza ehambisana nobuthakathaka bemvelo bemilenze. Ubungani nokuhlakanipha kwale nyoni kuyenza ithandwe phakathi kwabathandi bezinyoni ezifuywayo.
Upholi womgexo
Upholi amazon
Upholi osayizi ophakathi ohlala ezihlahleni zaseMelika, eziqhingini zaseCaribbean. Phakathi kwe- izinhlobo zopholi abakhulumayo AmaAmazon phambili. Ithalente le-onomatopoeia lihlanganiswe nokudlala nokuthokoza. Ungalungiselela ukusebenza kwesekisi ngakho. Upholi unenkumbulo enhle kakhulu.
Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwama-500 ama-Amazon agcinwa emindenini. Ukuxhumana nenyoni kuletha imizwa eminingi emihle. Umngane omuhle kakhulu kukho konke ukuzijabulisa, imidlalo, ukuxhumana. Baphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-45.
Esithombeni ama-amazon amapholi
Upholi wotshani
Izinyoni ezincane, ezifika ku-20-25 cm ubude, ezizalelwa eningizimu ye-Australia. Ukufika kwalezi zopholi kuhlotshaniswa notshani obude, amahlathi emhlathini, kanye nohlaza lwentaba. Zindiza ziphansi ngamabanga amafushane. Zigijima kahle zifuna imbewu, izithelo nezinambuzane.
Ngombala, ngaphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo, ama-parrot ezinhlanganisela zemibala ehlukahlukene akhiqizwa. Ekuthunjweni, izinyoni azibangeli inkinga, zihlabelela ngomculo, ziphila impilo esebenzayo ekhaya. Ukukhanya okungeziwe kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokuhlwa, okubaluleke kakhulu ezinyonini. Amakheji kumele abe made ngokwanele ukuhamba phansi. Phila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.
Upholi wotshani
Indela yopholi
Izinyoni zihlala eBrazil, e-Argentina, e-Uruguay, eNingizimu Melika. Okukhethekile ekwakhiweni kwezidleke ezinkulu nokusondela kubantu. Ukwanda kwamapholi endela emadolobheni kungafaniswa namajuba ajwayelekile. IKalita neQuaker yizinhlobonhlobo zezindela.
Bahlala emakoloni. Ngokucekelwa phansi kwezitshalo nezithelo zensimu, izindela zibhekwa njengezilokazane. Athanda kakhulu ama-apula futhi awaphulule ezihlahleni. Izidleke ezinkulu, ezingafika ku-3 m ububanzi, zakhiwa ngopholi abambalwa, zakha ifulethi lomphakathi.
Zonke zineminyango ehlukene, izinkulisa kanye namaphaseji. Abesilisa baletha izinto zokwakha futhi bakhe izindlu, kuyilapho abesifazane behlela ama-substrates futhi bephuma ngaphakathi. Izindela zivame ukuba yizintandokazi ekhaya. Bayazivumelanisa futhi baxhumane nabanikazi, behlukanisa amagama abo. Banaka kakhulu izinkundla zokudlala. Uyawuthanda umculo futhi aze aziculele.
Esithombeni kunendela yopholi
URosella
E-Australia, lezi zinyoni azibhekwa njengezilokazane, yize zidla emapulazini. Okuphakelayo kuqukethe imbewu yokhula, izibungu zezinambuzane eziyingozi, hhayi izithelo nezitshalo kuphela.
URosell uhlukaniswa ngezimpaphe zawo ezingavamile. Kunezinhlobo eziyi-7 ze-rosellas ngokuya ngemibala yazo. Ubungako bazo abudluli amasentimitha angama-30. Izinyoni eziguquguqukayo zihamba ngezindiza ezincane, zigijime ngokushesha emhlabathini. Izinyoni zibizwa ngomsila oyisicaba ngokubukeka nokwakheka komsila.
Ekhaya, izinyoni zikhetha ukudla, azihlali zikulungele ukuzalela ngenxa yokukhetha umlingani. Kepha uma umndeni wakhekile, khona-ke abazali bakulungele ukunakekela hhayi amaphuphu abo kuphela, kepha futhi nabantu abangabazi. Abakubekezeleli ukuhlala nezinye izipholi, bangakhombisa ukuhlukumezeka ngentshiseko. Bacula kamnandi, kepha abafuni ukukhuluma. Banobungane nomuntu.
Upholi kaRosella
Upholi kaLoria
Igama lezinyoni elihunyushiwe lisuselwa olimini lwesiDashi lisho ukuthi "clown". ILori incane ngosayizi, isukela kumasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-35. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ngaphakathi kohlobo, ngesici esivamile esivezwe ngesimo solimi olujwayele ukutholwa kaningi kwezithelo ezinamanzi, ubisi lwesihlahla, nompe wezitshalo.
Ekhaya, kubalulekile ukondla amaloli akho ngendlela efanele. Izimbali, izithelo nemifino, amajusi amasha kufanele abe ekudleni kopholi. Izinyoni zikhombisa amakhono amahle ekuqeqesheni, amagama ngekhanda. Basebenza, abesabi, bakhetha ababungazi ababathandayo, abanikezwa izimpawu ezikhethekile zokunakwa. Abathandi ukugcinwa esibayeni.
ULory
Ukulinganisa
Izinyoni ezincane, ezifika ku-35 cm ubude bomzimba, zihlala eMelika. Abanikazi bezilwane bahlekisa bababiza ngokuthi "gotchas". Imibala ethandekayo yothingo yokuphendula kuyintokozo ukuxhumana nayo.
Ukufuna uthando nokunakwa. Akunangxabano, kuyaqeqeshwa. Kudlalwa ngokwemvelo, kudinga ukuzijabulisa, ngakho-ke izindandatho, iladi, amabhola, izinsimbi namanye amathoyizi ayadingeka ehhokweni.
Izwi le-aratings licijile futhi linomsindo, yize bekhala phakathi kwabo bezolile. Ukumemeza kuzwakalisa ukunganeliseki nenjabulo ngendlela efanayo. Zopholi ezilungisiwe ziletha injabulo enkulu emphakathini.
Esithombeni, kuphakama amapholi
Zopholi pionuses
Igama lesibili lezinyoni ngopholi abanamakhala abomvu. Zihlukile kuma-Amazon ngosayizi wazo omncane. Izimpaphe, lapho uthi nhlá, zibonakala zimpunga ngokungenakuqhathaniswa, kodwa elangeni licwebezela ngemibala egqamile eluhlaza okotshani, obomvu, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isici esivamile sazo zonke izinhlobo zama-pionus yindawo ebomvu ngaphansi komsila.
Le nyoni izolile, ayidingi ukunakwa okukhethekile kumnikazi wamathoyizi. Kodwa inyoni idinga ubungane nokwenza umsebenzi womzimba. Ikhono lokufunda le-pionus lilinganiselwe, lanele ngokwanele ukwakha oxhumana nabo nobungane nale nyoni emangalisayo.
I-parrot pionus ebhekene nobomvu
