Umkhomo we-Bowhead uyaphila emanzini apholile. Umzimba we-whale bowhead wensikazi ufinyelela kubude obungu-22 m, kanti abesilisa, ngokungajwayelekile, ubukhulu babo bungu-18 m.
Isisindo somkhomo we-Bowhead, kungaba ngamathani angama-75 kuya kwangama-150. Lokhu akuyona into eyenzeka kaningi, ezimweni eziningi umkhomo awudilili kanjalo, ngokwesilinganiso kuba imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Zifudukela emhlambini, lapho zihlukaniswe khona zaba ngamaqembu amathathu: abadala, abavuthiwe ngokocansi nangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Lapho kufundwa ngokuziphatha, kwaqashelwa ukuthi izinsikazi namazinyane banikezwa ilungelo lokondla kuqala, wonke umhlambi ufola ngemuva kwabo.
Incazelo yomkhomo we-bowhead... Esinye sezici zesici somkhomo we-bowhead ukuthi ingxenye engezansi yomzimba omkhulu womkhomo ilula kakhulu kunombala oyinhloko.
Esinye isici sesakhiwo ubukhulu bemihlathi. Umlomo womkhomo uphakeme futhi unokuma okulinganayo kokulingana.
Inhloko yomkhomo wensimbi inkulu kakhulu, maqondana nomzimba wonke, ithatha ingxenye yesithathu yabo bonke ubude bomkhomo. Ekuhlolisisweni kwesakhiwo, kwaphawulwa ukuthi eduze kwekhanda lalesi silwane esincelisayo kunendawo efana nentamo.
Ummeleli walezi zinhlobo akanamazinyo, kepha umlomo womlomo unenqwaba yamapuleti omkhomo womkhomo. Ubude bazo busuka ku-3.5 kuye ku-4.5 m, futhi inani lazo liyahluka kuze kufike ku-400.
Isendlalelo samafutha esiswini sesilwane esincelisayo sikhulu kakhulu - size sifike ku-70 cm, ungqimba olunjalo lusiza ukubhekana kahle nengcindezi ngesikhathi sokuntywila okujulile, kugcina izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile, okuthi emkhomeni womnsalo kufana nezinga lokushisa komzimba womuntu.
Amehlo omkhomo mancane nge-cornea ewugqinsi, atholakala ezinhlangothini, eduze kwamakhona omlomo. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka ngemuva kokuntywila okujulile, umkhomo ungashaya umthombo wamabhanoyi amabili aze afike kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama.
Imikhomo ayinayo i-auricles yangaphandle, kepha ukuzwa kuthuthukiswa kakhulu. Ukubona komsindo esilwaneni esincelisayo kunebanga elibanzi kakhulu.
Eminye yemisebenzi yokuzwa emkhomeni we-polar iyefana ne-sonar, okubonga ukuthi isilwane sithambekele kalula ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngisho nasekujuleni okukhulu. Leli khono lokuzwa lisiza umkhomo ukuba unqume amabanga nezindawo.
Indawo yokuhlala yomkhomo i-Bowhead - ezinye izingxenye zoLwandle i-Arctic. Kakhulu izikole zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo zitholakala emanzini abandayo oLwandle lwaseChukchi, eMpumalanga yeSiberia naseBering.
Okungajwayelekile kakhulu olwandle lwaseBeaufort naseBarents. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, imikhomo iya kude emanzini abandayo, kuthi ebusika ibuyele endaweni esogwini.
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi umkhomo wekhanda lomnsalo uhlala ezingxenyeni ze-Arctic, ukhetha ukuhamba emanzini acwebile ngaphandle kweqhwa. Uma umkhoma udinga ukuvela ngaphansi kwamanzi, ungangena kalula eqhweni u-25 cm ubukhulu.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yomkhomo we-bowhead
Imikhomo ye-Bowhead bakhetha ukuba semhlambini, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ungathola futhi abantu abangashadile. Esimweni sokuphumula noma ukulala, umkhomo ungaphezulu kwamanzi.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obumangalisayo nobesabekayo, umkhomo i-bowhead unezitha ezimbalwa. Umkhomo obulalayo kuphela, noma kunalokho umhlambi, ongahlukumeza isilwane esincelisayo, imvamisa abantu abasha abalwa nomhlambi aba yisisulu semikhomo ebulalayo.
Ukukhethwa kwemvelo, ukukhetha kwemvelo akubathinti kakhulu abantu, kepha ukuqothulwa okukhulu kwalezi zinhlobo ngabantu kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwenani lemikhomo yamakhanda emvelo emvelweni. Namuhla umkhomo wekhanda lomnsalo encwadini ebomvu, emhlabeni kunabantu abangafika ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi kuphela. Kusukela ngo-1935, ukuzizingela bekuvinjelwe ngokuphelele.
Idla ngani i-bowhead whale?
Ukudla okuyinhloko komkhomo we-polar yi-plankton, ama-crustaceans amancane kanye ne-krill. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukudla kungena emgodini futhi ngosizo lolimi kuthuthele emmangweni.
Ngenxa yokwakheka okuhle komkhomo womkhomo, ngemuva kokuhlungwa, cishe wonke ama-plankton, ngisho nezinhlayiya zawo ezincane kakhulu, zihlala emlonyeni womkhomo. Isilwane esikhulile sithatha ukudla okungafika kumathani ama-2 ngosuku.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila somkhomo we-bowhead
Esinye sezici zalolu hlobo lwezilwane ezincelisayo ukusebenza kwengoma yokukhwelana eyesilisa. Ubunjalo bemisindo nenhlanganisela yayo kuphenduka umculo owehlukile okhuthaza owesifazana ukuba ahlangane.
Lalela izwi lomkhomo okhanda umnsalo
Ngaphezu kokuhambisana nomsindo, umkhomo ungagxuma uphume emanzini futhi, ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa, wenze ukushaya okuqinile ebusweni ngomsila wawo, lokhu nakho kudonsela ukunaka kwesifazane. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala, ingane inceliswa ubisi, futhi ihlale isondele kunina.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yamukela amakhono abesifazane futhi izondla yodwa, kepha iyaqhubeka nokuba nowesifazane eminye iminyaka emi-2. Imvamisa kunabantu abangabodwana abathi, ngokusho kocwaningo, baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100.
Kukhona umbono wokuthi emvelweni kukhona abameleli bezinhlobo, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-200 ubudala, lesi simo asivamile kakhulu, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, lezi zinhlobo zithi zihlonishwa isikhathi eside phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo.
Ubukhona besikhathi eside obunjalo buvuse isasasa elikhulu phakathi kososayensi nasemhlabeni wonke. Imikhomo yasePolar inamakhono ezakhi zofuzo ahlotshaniswa nokulungiswa okuphelele kofuzo nokumelana nomdlavuza.
