Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wethu siyabhekwa ibhere le-polar polar. Isizwe ngasinye sinegama elehlukile. OkweChukchi ibhere le-polar polar - umka.
Ama-Eskimo ambiza ngokuthi yi-nanuk, kodwa kumaRussia yena ibhere elikhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa igama lasolwandle kulawa magama. Kwabomdabu, ibhere lasezindaweni ezibandayo bekulokhu kuyisilo se totem.
Babemhlonipha ngokujulile futhi bemhlonipha ngisho nangemva kokufa kwakhe. Ukuzingelwa ngempumelelo kwalaba bantu bekuhlala kuphetha ngezicelo zokuxolelwa "kubhere elibulewe". Kungemva kwamagama nemikhuba ethile kuphela lapho babengakwazi khona ukudla inyama yebhere.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi indawo yesibindi sebhere Inobuthi kubantu ngenxa yenani elikhulu kakhulu le-retinol ekulo. Kepha abahambi abaningi babheka inyama yayo ukuthi imnandi kakhulu futhi bazingela izilwane ukuze bayinambithe.
Abesabi ngisho nenkolelo yokuthi abantu abadla inyama yalesi silo ngokushesha baqala ukuba mpunga. Ukuzingela i- i-polar bear king yayihlala ivuliwe hhayi kuphela ngenxa yenyama yayo emnandi nesinqumelo.
Abaningi babefuna futhi bafuna ukuhlobisa amakhaya abo ngesikhumba sakhe esihle esimhlophe, sikasilika. Ngalesi sizathu, ngekhulu lama-XX-XXI, inani lamabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme lehle kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni waseNorway kwakudingeka athathe lesi silwane ngaphansi kwesivikelo sakhe futhi akhiphe umthetho, ovumela ukubulala ibhere le-polar kuphela uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo, lapho ukushayisana nalesi silwane kungasongela impilo yomuntu.
Kulesi senzakalo, kuze kwadalwa nemizimba ekhethekile, ebibhekisisa icala ngalinye lelo futhi izama ukuthola ukuthi ngabe lowo muntu ubesengozini yini noma ngabe isilo sihlaselwe ngamaphutha abantu. Ukondla ibhere noma ukuzama ukusithwebula kubhekwa njengokuvusa inkanuko.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe
Vuliwe isithombe sebhere le-polar kuyabonakala ukuthi lesi yisilwane esikhulu. Kodwa konke ubuhle bakhe, ubuhle nobukhulu bobuqhawe buvezwa uma umbona empilweni yangempela. Uyisilo esinamandla impela.
Ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.5 nobude bamamitha ama-3. Isisindo sayo singaba ngama-700 kg, noma ngaphezulu. Ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe linokwehluka okuthile kozakwabo. Umzimba wayo mude kancane, unentamo ende futhi imilenze eminyene, emifushane futhi eqinile.
Izinyawo zakhe zikhulu kakhulu kunezinye zabamele amabhere, ulwelwesi lokubhukuda lubonakala kahle ezinzwaneni zakhe. Ekhanda elicelene nelincanyana lesilwane, esicabalele ngaphezulu, kunebunzi elifanayo elisicaba.
Isifonyo sebhere sibanzi, sikhombe phambili ngaphambili. Izindlebe zakhe azigqamile, zimfushane futhi zikhombe phambili, namakhala akhe avulekile. Umsila mfushane, ujiyile futhi ubuthuntu, ucishe ungabonakali ngoboya besilwane.
Amehlo nezindebe zebhere elimhlophe zimbozwe izinhlanga ezinhle. Akanazo nhlobo izinkophe. Umbala wejazi layo elimhlophe njengeqhwa, ibhere aliguquki ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
Amabhere amancane anemibala e-silvery shades. Kwabameleli abadala balolu hlobo, i-yellowness ingezwa kumbala omhlophe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lokudla okunamafutha.
Kusukela esikoleni siyazi lapho kuhlala khona amabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme. Izindawo zabo eziyizintandokazi yizindawo ezisenyakatho ze-USA, Canada, neRussia. Atholakala emazweni aseLapland.
Ogwini lwezilwandle iBarents kanye neChukchi, Wrangel Island kanye neGreenland nakho kuyizindawo zabo abazithandayo. Uma isimo sezulu singesibi kakhulu, khona-ke lezi zilwane zingabonakala naseNorth Pole.
Kuze kube manje, umuntu akazazi ngokugcwele zonke izindawo lapho ibhere elimhlophe liyaphila. Kuzo zonke izindawo zaseNyakatho, nomaphi lapho umuntu enyathela khona, kunamathuba onke okuhlangana nalesi silwane esimangalisayo.
Imvelo nendlela yokuphila yebhere elisendaweni emhlophe
Lezi zilwane zinoqweqwe olujiyile lwamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba kangangokuba zingakwazi ukubekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-zero zihlale emanzini e-ice isikhathi eside. Banokuzwa okuhle, ukubona nephunga.
Uma uthi nhlá, ibhere linikeza isithombe sesilwane esikhulu, esisindayo futhi esixakile. Kepha lo mbono awulungile. Eqinisweni, ushesha kakhulu, emanzini nasemhlabeni. Uhlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela okukhulu nangejubane.
Ngempela ihora, angakwazi ukumboza kalula ibanga lamakhilomitha ayi-10. Ijubane layo lokubhukuda cishe liyi-5 km / h. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ibhere nalo liyabhukuda ngaphezu kwamabanga amade, uma kunesidingo.
Muva nje, ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, lesi silwane esihle kufanele sibhukude kude, sibheke i-ice floe efanelekayo, engakhululeka ukuhlala kuyo futhi kube lula ukuzingela.
Ibhere elimhlophe liyabhukudi elihle kakhulu
Ukuhlakanipha kwebhere akuhlukile nakwezinye izilwane ezithuthukile. Uyakwazi ukuziqondisa ngokuphelele esikhaleni futhi unenkumbulo enhle. Amabhere asePolar afuna ukwazi kakhulu. Lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwabo.
Abantu abebelokhu bebuka lezi zilwane isikhathi eside bathi banokuqiniseka okugcwele ukuthi ibhere ngalinye le-polar lingabantu ngabodwana, elinobuntu balo nobunjalo balo obuhlukile.
Lezi zidlakela zase-Arctic zikhetha indlela yokuphila enesizungu. Kepha muva nje kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi ukusondela kwabo koyedwa noma kwabanye abantu endaweni encane kwamukelekile impela. Into esemqoka ukuthi azikho izinkinga ngokudla.
Ukuhlangana nebhere elimhlophe akuphephile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe, noma kunjalo, ukuthi amabhere awawuthandi umsindo. Bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ngokushesha nje lapho bezwa umsindo omkhulu bazama ukucasha kuleyo ndawo. Ibhere liqaphela isisulu likude.
Isithombe sebhere le-polar elinamawundlu
La mabhere, ngokungafani nezihlobo zawo ezinsundu, awalali ebusuku. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa - ama-degree angama-80. Kubalulekile kuphela ukuthi kube khona amanzi amaningi eduze angamboziwe yiqhwa. Ibhere lasezindaweni eziphakeme lizingela ikakhulukazi emanzini, kodwa izilwane ezihlala emhlabeni livame ukuhlaselwa yilo.
Ukudla
Lesi sidlakela sithanda inyama yazo zonke izilwane nezinhlanzi ezitholakala ezindaweni ezimpunga. Izimpawu ziyisidlo asithandayo. Ibhere lizingela inyamazane yalo ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuzihlukanisa okuhle kakhulu.
Kusuka ngaphandle, lokhu kuzingela kufana nokuzingelwa kwamahlosi namabhubesi. Ngokungaqondakali ukuthi isisulu sisuke endaweni eyodwa yeqhwa siye kwesinye, futhi lapho kusele ibanga elincane kakhulu, bashaya inyamazane yabo ngezidladla zabo.
Ukushaya okunjalo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kwanele ukubulala isisulu. Ehlobo, ibhere lithanda ukudla amajikijolo, ubulembu nezinye izitshalo. Abanqikazi ukusebenzisa isidumbu. Imvamisa kuba ngenhloso yokumthola ukuthi bahambe ngasogwini.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Umsebenzi wokuzalisa ophakeme wamabhere we-polar wenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Juni. Insikazi ingakhwelana kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ngenyanga kaNovemba, insikazi izama ukumba umhhume eqhweni ukuze izale izingane ezi-1-3 ezinyangeni zasebusika. Amabhere amancane ase-polar awanakho ukuzivikela ngokuphelele. Kubathatha cishe iminyaka emithathu ukuthi bafunde ukuphila ngokuzimela.
Isikhathi sokuphila sebhere elimunceke ezimweni zemvelo cishe liyiminyaka eyi-19. Esolwandle, baphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-30. Thenga ibhere elimhlophe Kunzima kakhulu. Kubhalwe kuRed Book futhi kuvikelwe ngumthetho.
