Njengoba wazi, imvamisa yezakhi zofuzo yohlobo olulodwa iyazinza esikhathini esithile. Esikhathini esizayo, izakhi zofuzo aziguquki echibini lezakhi zale nhlobo. Lokhu kucishe kushiwo umthetho kaHardy-Weinberg. Kodwa lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma kungekho ukukhetha nokukhetha ukufuduka kwabanye abantu bohlobo olufanayo, futhi ukuwela phakathi kwabo kwenzeka ngokuphelele ngengozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube nenani elingapheli lezinto eziphilayo endaweni eyodwa. Futhi kusobala ukuthi emvelweni akunakwenzeka ukufeza lezi zimo ngekhulu lamaphesenti. Kulandela lokhu ukuthi ichibi lofuzo labantu bemvelo alisoze lazinza ngokuphelele.
Ukuguqulwa kwesibalo sofuzo sabantu
Ukuba ne-pool ethile yezakhi zofuzo, elawulwa ukukhethwa kwemvelo, ezinye izinhlobo zinikezwa indawo yokuqala ekuguqulweni kwemvelo kwabantu. Zonke izinguquko ezenzeka ohlotsheni olulodwa ziyizinguquko eziqondile zesibalo sabantu.
Idamu lezakhi zofuzo lingashintsha lapho abanye abantu bezinye izinhlobo beza kulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zingenzeka ngesikhathi sokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Izinguquko zofuzo zingenzeka ngenxa yomthelela wendawo yangaphandle, ngoba ingathinta ukuzala kwabantu. Ngamanye amagama, ushintsho echibini lofuzo luzoba umphumela wokukhethwa kwemvelo. Kepha uma izimo zokuhlala ziguqulwa, imvamisa yangaphambilini yofuzo izobuyiselwa.
Futhi, ichibi lezakhi zofuzo lizoba yindlala uma kwenzeka ukukhukhuleka kofuzo kunabantu abambalwa. Kungancipha ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, futhi ngemuva kwalokho, ukuvuselelwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane sekuzoba ne-gene pool ehlukile. Isibonelo, uma indawo yokuhlala yabantu iyisimo sezulu esibi futhi esibandayo, lapho-ke ukukhethwa kofuzo kuzoqondiswa ekumelaneni nesithwathwa. Uma ngasizathu simbe isilwane sidinga ukufihla, umbala waso uzoshintsha kancane kancane. Ngokuyinhloko, lezo zinguquko zenzeka lapho inani labantu lihlala ezindaweni ezintsha. Uma abanye abafuduki bebajoyina, i-gene pool nayo izothuthukiswa.
Izici zokuguqula i-Gene pool
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezahlukahlukene zingashintsha ne-gene pool yabantu, ngokwesibonelo:
- ukukhwelana nabalingani abangahleliwe, okuyisici sabanye abantu;
- ukunyamalala kwabantu abangavamile ngenxa yokufa komphathi wezakhi zofuzo;
- ukuvela kwezithiyo ezithile, ezahlukanisa izinhlobo zezinhlobo zibe izingxenye ezimbili, futhi inani lazo alilingani;
- ukufa cishe kwengxenye yabantu, ngenxa yenhlekelele noma esinye isimo esingalindelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto, ichibi lezakhi zofuzo "lingaba mpofu" uma kunokufuduka kwabantu abanezindawo ezithile.
