I-Plekostomus (i-Latin Hypostomus plecostomus) iyinhlobo ejwayelekile ye-catfish ezindaweni zasemanzini. Abaningi bama-aquarists bawagcinile noma bawabonile ukuthi ayathengiswa, njengoba ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga ze-algae.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, lokhu kuhlanza okuhle kakhulu kwe-aquarium, futhi futhi ungomunye wezinhlobo ze-catfish eziqinile kakhulu futhi ezingafuneki.
I-plecostomus inesimo somzimba esingajwayelekile kakhulu, umlomo omise okwe-sucker, i-dorsal fin ephezulu ne-fin crescent emise okomsila. Ahlahle amehlo akhe kube sengathi uyacwayiza. Umbala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, umbozwe ngamabala amnyama okwenza kube mnyama.
Kepha le catfish ingaba yinkinga ku-aquarist. Njengomthetho, izinhlanzi zithengwa ngefry, ezingaba ngu-8 cm ubude, kepha zikhula ngokushesha…. futhi ingafinyelela kuma-61 cm, yize kuma-aquariums kuvame ukuhleleka kuka-30-38 cm.Ikhula ngokushesha, isikhathi sayo sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-10-15.
Ukuphila emvelweni
Ichazwe okokuqala nguKarl Linnaeus ngo-1758. Uhlala eNingizimu Melika, eBrazil, eTrinidad naseTobago, eGuiana.
Ihlala emachibini nasemifuleni, kokubili amanzi angenasawoti kanye no-brackish, egelezela olwandle lwasePacific nase-Atlantic.
Igama elithi plecostomus lisho "umlomo ogoqiwe" futhi lisetshenziswa ezinhlanzini eziningi ze-catfish ezinamaphimbo afanayo, yize ehlukile ngosayizi, umbala, neminye imininingwane.
Abantu bakubiza nge-pleko, shellfish catfish, njll.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-catfish zithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Plekostomus. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-120 kuphela ze-Hypostomus futhi okungenani ezingama-50 zazo ziyabonakala. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokudideka okuningi kusigaba.
Incazelo
I-plekostomus inomzimba ovulekile, ohlanganiswe ngamapuleti amathambo yonke indawo ngaphandle kwesisu. Ikhanda eliphakeme le-dorsal fin nekhanda elikhulu, elikhula kuphela ngokukhula.
Amehlo mancane, abekwe phezulu ekhanda, futhi angahle aginqike emasokeni esweni, akwenze kubukeke sengathi uyacwayiza.
Umlomo ongezansi, onezindebe ezinkulu ezimbozwe ngameva afana ne-grater, uhlelelwe ukudabula ulwelwe ezindaweni eziqinile.
Umbala womzimba onsundu ngokukhanyayo, kepha ubukeka umnyama kakhulu ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamabala amnyama. Lo mbala ufihla izinhlanzi ngasemuva kwezansi zamaqabunga awile namatshe. Kunezinhlobo ezinamabala amancane noma ezingekho nhlobo.
Ngokwemvelo, zikhula zifike kuma-60 cm, kuma-aquariums angaphansi, cishe ngamasentimitha angama-30-38. Zikhula ngokushesha futhi zingahlala e-aquarium iminyaka engafika kwengu-15, yize emvelweni ziphila isikhathi eside.
Ukuxakaniseka kokuqukethwe
Kulula kakhulu ukukunakekela, inqobo nje uma kunokudla okuningi kwe-algae noma i-catfish, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ayikulungele abaqalayo, ngoba ama-aquariums amakhulu kakhulu ayadingeka ukugcinwa.
Imingcele yamanzi ayibalulekile kangako, kubalulekile ukuthi ihlanzeke. Zilungiselele ukuthi i-plecostomus ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi izodinga ivolumu ethe xaxa.
Bangabantu abahlala emini, okwenziwayo nokwondliwa okwenzeka lapho kufika ubumnyama, ngakho-ke izinkuni zokukhukhula kanye nezinye izindawo zokuhlala kufanele zibekwe ku-aquarium ukuze zikwazi ukucasha emini.
Bangagxuma baphume emanzini, udinga ukumboza. Yize kungama-omnivores, ikakhulukazi badla ulwelwe e-aquarium.
Ama-plekostomus amancane anokuma okuhle, angazwana nezinhlanzi eziningi, ngisho nama-cichlids nezinye izinhlobo ezinolaka. Kukhona okuhlukile kuphela - bangaba nobudlova futhi babe yindawo namanye ama-plekostomuses, ngaphandle kokuthi bakhule ndawonye.
Zivikela nendawo eziyithandayo kwezinye izinhlanzi ezinendlela yokudla efanayo. Kepha abantu abadala baba nolaka kakhulu futhi kungcono ukubagcina behlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi zingadla izikali ezinhlangothini zezinye izinhlanzi lapho zilele. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwi-discus, scalar kanye ne-goldfish.
Ngaphandle kokuthi zondla kakhulu ngokudla kwezitshalo, zikhula zibe nkulu kakhulu futhi zingaba yinkinga yangempela kuma-aquariums amancane.
Ukondla
Kakhulu tshala ukudla ne-algae, yize ukudla okuphilayo kungadliwa. Ingadla izinhlobo ezithambile ezivela ezitshalweni, kepha lokhu uma ingenalo ulwelwe olwanele nokudla.
Ngokugcinwa, udinga i-aquarium eningi yokudlalisa. Uma edla ulwelwe ngokushesha kunenani lokukhula, udinga ukumfunza okuphakelayo okwenziwe nge-catfish.
Ngemifino, i-plekostomus inganikezwa isipinashi, ulethisi, iklabishi, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba.
Kusukela ekudleni kwezilwane, izikelemu zomhlaba, izikelemu zegazi, izibungu zezinambuzane, ama-crustaceans amancane. Kungcono ukondla kusihlwa, ngaphambi nje kokuba kucishwe amalambu.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Kwi-plecostomus e-aquarium, ivolumu ibalulekile, okungenani ama-300 litres, futhi njengoba ikhula ifike ku-800-1000.
Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ihlala idinga isikhala samahhala sokubhukuda nokondla. E-aquarium, udinga ukubeka izinkuni, amatshe nezinye izindawo zokukhosela, lapho azofihla khona emini.
IDriftwood ku-aquarium ayibalulekile nje kuphela njengendawo yokukhosela, kepha futhi njengendawo lapho ulwelwe lukhula khona ngokushesha, futhi, luqukethe i-cellulose, edingwa yi-catfish yokugaya ukudla okujwayelekile.
Ithanda ama-aquariums agcwele izitshalo kahle, kepha angadla izinhlobo ezintekenteke futhi ngengozi akhiphe ezinkulu. Qiniseka ukumboza i-aquarium, ethambekele ekugxileni emanzini.
Njengoba kushiwo, imingcele yamanzi ayibalulekile kangako. Ukuhlanzeka nokuhlunga okuhle ngezinguquko ezijwayelekile kubalulekile, ngoba ngosayizi wayo kadoti ukhiqiza okuningi.
Ukushisa kwamanzi 19 - 26 ° C, ph: 6.5-8.0, ubulukhuni 1 - 25 dGH
Ukuhambisana
Ebusuku. Banokuthula besebancane, baba nokuxabana nendawo lapho sebemdala. Abakwazi ukuzimela ngokwabo, kuphela uma bengakhulelanga ndawonye.
Bangakwazi ukususa isikhumba kwi-discus naku-scalar ngenkathi belele. Abantu abasha bangagcinwa e-aquarium ejwayelekile, izinhlanzi ezindala zingcono kwenye ehlukile, noma ngezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Kunzima ngisho nangeso elinolwazi ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ku-plekostomus. Abafuyi bahlukanisa abesilisa ngama-papillae ezitho zangasese, kepha kumuntu owenza amateur lokhu kungukuzibophezela okungenangqondo.
Ukuzala
Ngokwemvelo, i-plecostomus izala emigodini ejulile osebeni lomfula. Kunzima ukukhiqiza lezi zimo ku-aquarium, noma kungenzeki.
Zikhuliswa kakhulu eSingapore, eHong Kong, eFlorida. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswa amadamu amakhulu anamabhange anodaka, lapho emba khona izimbobo.
Lezi zithandani zizalela amaqanda angaba ngu-300, bese kuthi owesilisa aqaphe lawo maqede abese ethosa. UMalek uyayondla imfihlo evela emzimbeni wabazali bakhe.
Ekupheleni kokuzala, isiziba siyakhanywa, bese kubanjwa izingane nabazali.
