Izinganekwane zilandisa ngale nyoni engaqondakali. Ungayikholwa le nganekwane, kepha ukungajwayelekile kwangempela kwalezi zinyoni ezincane, ubukhulu benyoni enkulu, kuheha intshisekelo yanoma yimuphi umuntu onganaki umhlaba wemvelo.
Inyoni kaKristu
Ngesikhathi sokubethelwa kukaKristu, lapho ukuhlukunyezwa kwakhe kwakunzima, inyoni yandiza yazama ukukhipha izipikili emzimbeni kaJesu ngoqhwaku lwayo. Kepha imvuthuluka engengesabi nenomusa yayinamandla amancane kakhulu, okwakungilimaza umlomo kuphela futhi kungcolise isifuba sayo ngegazi.
USomandla ubonge umthandazeli omncane wamnikeza nezimpahla ezikhethekile. Bekuyi isiphambano, nokuhluka kwayo ngezindlela ezintathu:
- uqhwaku lwesiphambano;
- Amachwane "kaKhisimusi";
- ukungonakali ngemuva kwempilo.
Izimpendulo zemfihlakalo zisendleleni yokuphila kwezinyoni, kepha ayithandeki kangako.
Incazelo ye-Crossbill
Izinyoni ezinqamulelayo - incane ngosayizi, ize ifike ku-20 cm, kusukela ku-oda labadlula ngendlela, ihlukaniswa ngokwakhiwa okunaminyene, umsila omfushane onemfoloko, inhloko enkulu noqhwaku olukhethekile, amahafu alo agobile futhi agudluke ezinhlangothini ezihlukile, akha isiphambano.
Kungani isiphambano sinomlomo onje?, kuyacaca lapho i-crossbill iqala ukusheshisa ngokushesha imbewu ezinsikeni. Imvelo imvumelanise kahle naye ukuthola ukudla okunjalo.
Imilenze eqinile ivumela i-crossbill ukuba ikhuphuke ezihlahleni bese ilenga ibheke phansi ezigebengwini. Umbala webele emadodeni ubomvu-obomvu, kuthi kwabesifazane ube mpunga oluhlaza okotshani. Izimpiko nemisila ye-crossbills ziba mpunga ngokunsundu.
UKlest uzizwa ezethemba egatsheni, noma ebheke phansi
Ukucula iziphambano ngamanothi aphakeme, okusikhumbuza ngokutshiyoza ngokuhlanganiswa kwempempe enkulu, kusebenza ukuxhuma imihlambi yezinyoni. Ukubizwa kwama-roll kuvame ukwenzeka ezindizeni ezincane, futhi emagatsheni ama-crossbill ayathula.
Lalela izwi le-crossbill lenyoni
Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha zama-crossbills, okuhlala kuwo amathathu ensimini yaseRussia: isiphambano, i-pine crossbill ne-crossbill enamaphiko amhlophe. Bonke banokudla okufanayo nendawo yokuhlala. Amagama akhuluma ngezinto ezincane zezinhlobo ngokuya ngokuthanda imvelo yehlathi le-coniferous nokuba khona kwezimpaphe ezimhlophe ezinhlangothini.
Indawo yokuhlala yeCrossbill nendlela yokuphila
Okhokho be-crossbills banamuhla basendulo kakhulu, babekhona eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-9-10 edlule. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-crossbill zakhiwa emahlathini ase-spruce nasephayini eNyakatho Yezwe Elisha. Ukusatshalaliswa kwabo kuxhomeke kakhulu ekuvuneni kwama-cones, okuyisisekelo sokudla kwezinyoni.
Ngakho-ke, ama-crossbill ahlala kokubili e-tundra nasezifundeni ze-steppe, enza izindiza ezinkulu ezindaweni ezigcwele ukudla. Kunezimo lapho izinyoni ezinezinsimbi zitholakale khona ngamakhilomitha angama-3000 ukusuka endaweni yokuqala.
Esithombeni kukhona inyoni ye-crossbill spruce
ERussia, bahlala emahlathini ama-coniferous asezintabeni eningizimu yezwe, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Le nyoni itholakala emahlathini ahlanganisiwe anezihlahla ze-fir. I-Crossbill ayihlali emahlathini omsedari. Cishe azikho izitha ze-crossbill emvelweni.
Lokhu kuchazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa njalo kwembewu, izinyoni "zagqumisa" zona ngesikhathi sokuphila kwazo futhi azinambitheki neze, noma-ke, zinomunyu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokufa kwemvelo, aziboli, ziyagwinya, okusizwa umzimba wazo olungiselelwe ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-resin.
Ama-crossbill angandiza kahle, kepha usho lokho i-crossbill - ukufuduka inyoni, noma i-crossbill - ukuhlala phansi inyoni, awukwazi. Esikhundleni salokho, i-crossbill ingummeleli wezinyoni oyimizulane. Ukufuduka kwezinyoni kuhlotshaniswa nokuvuna.
I-pine bunch yondla imbewu yezigaxa
Ezindaweni ezigcwele ukudla, izinyoni zichitha isikhathi zigibela izihlahla ngokungapheli, uqhwaku lwe-crossbill ikuvumela ukuthi ukwenze ngobuciko, njengopholi. Ngalesi sici nokufaka umbala okugqamile kwezimpaphe, babizwa ngama-parrot asenyakatho. Kuyaqabukela behlele phansi, futhi emagatsheni bazizwa beqiniseka ngisho nokubheka phansi.
Ukudla okunomnqamlezo
Ukucabanga ukuthi i-crossbill yondla kuphela imbewu ye-spruce noma i-pine cones kungumbono oyiphutha, yize lokhu kungukudla kwayo okuyinhloko. Uqhwaku lwe-Crossbill kudabula esikalini, kuveze imbewu, kepha ingxenye yesithathu kuphela yesigaxa iya ekudleni.
Inyoni ayizihluphi ngokusanhlamvu okunzima ukukufinyelela, kulula ukuthi ithole isigaxa esisha. Okusele kundizela phansi kuphakele amagundane, izingwejeje noma ezinye izakhamuzi zasehlathini isikhathi eside.
I-crossbill yondla ngokwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuvuna okubi kwezigaxa, ngamahlumela espruce nephayini, igaya i-resin emagatsheni kanye namagxolo, imbewu ye-larch, i-maple, umlotha, izinambuzane nama-aphid. Ekuthunjweni, akayeki imisundu, i-oatmeal, umlotha wasentabeni, amabele, ubhekilanga ne-hemp.
I-crossbill enamaphiko amhlophe
Ukusakazwa kwe-Crossbill
Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni, amaphuphu e-crossbill avela ngesikhathi esibanda kakhulu - ebusika, imvamisa ngoKhisimusi, njengomusa omkhulu ngokwenganekwane. Lokhu kwenziwa izindawo zokudla eziphakelwayo.
Izidleke zakhiwa yi-crossbill yesifazane eziqongweni zama-conifers noma emagatsheni angaphansi kwesembozo esithembekile sezidladla ezinkulu ezinjengezinaliti ezivela emvuleni naseqhweni. Ukwakhiwa kuqalwa ngokuqala kwamakhaza okuqala futhi kwenziwa ngokubhekisisa izivivinyo ezinzima kakhulu: ngombhede ofakwe ngotshani wobulembu, uboya bezilwane ezahlukahlukene, izimpaphe zezinyoni, ubulembu.
Izindonga zesidleke zihlala ziqinile: izingqimba zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zakhiwa ngamagatsha ahlanganiswe ngobuciko, ngaphandle kwalokho izindonga ezimbili zokuhlala. Isidleke sivame ukuqhathaniswa ne-thermos yokugcina imvelo yokushisa engaguquki. Wela ebusika ngaphandle kwamakhaza, isebenza ngokwanele ukuhlinzekela inzalo yayo.
Esithombeni kukhona isidleke se-crossbill
Ukufukamela kweqoqo lamaqanda ama-3-5 kuhlala izinsuku eziyi-15-16. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa unakekela insikazi, ondle imbewu, afudumale futhi athambe ku-goiter. Amachwane wezinsuku ezingu-5-20 zokuphila ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene asevele asishiya isidleke. Uqhwaku lwawo luqondile ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke abazali bondla izingane izinyanga eziyi-1-2.
Bese kuthi amachwane afunde isayensi yokusika izigaxa futhi, kanye noqhwaku olushintshile, aqale impilo ezimele. Ichwane le-Crossbill ayitholi ngokushesha izingubo ezinemibala. Ekuqaleni, umbala wezimpaphe ungwevu onamabala ahlakazekile. Unyaka kuphela lapho izinyoni zidayiswa zibe izingubo zabantu abadala.
Ukugcinwa kwe-Crossbill ekhaya
I-Klest iyinyoni ethakazelisa ngokungavamile futhi ekhuthele emphakathini. Basheshe bajwayele impilo ezimeni ezintsha, bathatheka kalula futhi bajabule. Ngaphezu kokuhlala uzungeza ikheji, bangakhombisa ubuhlakani futhi baphume kulo.
Yeka crossbill - i-mockingbird, abanikazi bezinyoni eziningana bayazi: i-crossbill iluka amazwi ezinye izinyoni ezizwakala kuma-trill ayo.
Uqhwaku lwe-crossbill luwelekile ukwenza kube lula ukuthola imbewu kuma-cones
Kudala, abaculi abahambahambayo bafundisa ama-crossbill ngemilomo yabo ukuthola amathikithi enhlanhla noma ukubamba iqhaza ekubikezeleni inhlanhla. Amandla okufunda ngezenzo ezilula enza izinyoni zifuywe. Uma i-crossbill ihlala emgodini ominyene ngaphandle kokugcina izidingo zokudla namazinga okushisa, ilahlekelwa umbala wayo obomvu, iphenduke ibe umbala wombala wesifazane, bese iyafa.
Ukugcina izinyoni zisesimweni esihle kunomthelela ekulondolozweni kombala wazo okhanyayo nesikhathi sokuphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10. Ekuthunjweni, izinyoni zizala kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezidaliwe zokwakha izidleke.
Abathandi bezinyoni balwela ukufeza ukwehluka kombala nezwi, ngakho-ke kuyacaca kungani i-crossbill izwi le-canary noma ingubo ye-bullfinch iyavela. Ukufunda ama-crossbill kungumsebenzi othakazelisayo oletha injabulo yokuxhumana nezinyoni zasendulo kakhulu zezilwane zethu zasendle.
