Ibhere lobuvila Ingabe izinhlobo zebhere ezihlukile ngokuphelele ezimele uhlobo lweMelursus. UGubach inokubukeka okwehlukile futhi ihola indlela yokuphila ehluke kakhulu kumabhere ajwayelekile ukuthi yakhethelwa njengohlobo oluhlukile.
Ibhere linempumulo ende futhi ehambayo kakhulu, eheha njalo uma ubuka isithombe sloth, lapho-ke ungakuqinisekisa lokhu. Izindebe zebhere azinalutho futhi zingaphuma ziye ohlotsheni oluthile lweshubhu noma i-proboscis. Yile mpahla eyanikeza ibhere igama elingajwayelekile futhi elihlekisayo.
I-Sloth bear ayinkulu ngosayizi noma ngobukhulu. Ubude bomzimba buvame ukufika ku-180 cm, umsila ungeza amanye amasentimitha ayi-12, lapho kubuna ukuphakama kwebhere kufinyelela kuma-90 cm, kanti isisindo asidluli ku-140 kg.
Futhi ubukhulu besifazane buncane kakhulu - cishe ngo-30-40%. Elinye ibheja liyibhere, njengebhere. Umzimba unamandla, imilenze iphakeme, ikhanda likhulu, ibunzi liyisicaba, lisindayo, isifonyo sihlangene.
Uboya obumnyama obude obude bunikeza umbono wemane elibi. Amanye amabhere anengubo ebomvu noma nsundu, kodwa umbala ovame kakhulu umnyama ocwebezelayo. Amabhere amaSloth anesifonyo esimpunga esingcolile kanye nova, futhi isiqeshana soboya obukhanyayo, obumhlophe, obufana nohlamvu V noma u-Y, sibonakala esifubeni.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ibhungane
AmaSloths ahlala emahlathini asezintabeni asezindaweni ezishisayo naseNdiya, eBangladesh, eBhutan, eNepal naseSri Lanka kuze kufike ezintabeni zaseHimalaya, lapho kubizwa kanjalo - "Ibhere lobuvila laseHimalaya".
Lolu hlobo lwebhere luthanda ukuhlala endaweni enezintaba, efihliwe emehlweni abantu abaningi. Ezindaweni eziphansi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana namabhere ama-sloth, kepha futhi awakhuphukeli endaweni ephakeme kakhulu.
Isimo nesimo sokuphila sebhere
Ibhungane le-sloth lihlala kakhulu ebusuku, lilala ezihlahleni zotshani obude, ezihlahleni noma emigedeni epholile enomthunzi emini.
Yize phakathi nesikhathi sasemini ungahlangana nabesifazane abanezinyane elihamba ngezinyawo, okufanele bashintshe indlela yokuphila yasemini ukuze bagweme ukuhlangana nezilwane ezihlasela ebusuku.
Ngesikhathi semvula, umsebenzi wamabhere wehla kakhulu futhi ngamandla, kepha awalali ebusuku. Umuzwa wephunga lamabhere walolu hlobo uqhathaniswa nomuzwa wephunga lenja ezingela igazi; lokhu kunxephezela izinsiza zokufunda nezokuboniswa ezingathuthukisiwe kahle.
Lokhu kusetshenziswa yizilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye zasendle, ngokunyonyoba kalula kumabhere angaqaphile ohlangothini lwe-leeward. Nokho, amabhere amaSloth akulula ukuzingela.
Ukubukeka okuxakile futhi okuhlekisayo akufanele ukukhohlise izitha zemvelo zebhere - amabhere ama-sloth ayakwazi ukwenza isivinini esishaya wonke amarekhodi omuntu emhlabeni.
USloth ubuye abe ngumqansa oncomekayo, akhuphuke kalula ezihlahleni ezinde ukuzitika ngezithelo ezintsha ezinamanzi, yize engalisebenzisi leli khono ngenkathi evikela ingozi emsongelayo.
Izitha zemvelo zezilwane ezingamavila ziyizilwane ezinkulu kakhulu. Imvamisa abantu babewubona umzabalazo i-sloth bear vs tiger noma ingwe.
Yize amabhele ngokwawo engavamile ukukhombisa ubudlova nokuhlasela kuphela uma isilwane esingasongela sisondela kakhulu.
Ukudla
Ibhere leSloth limangalisa ngokuphelele. Ngenjabulo elinganayo, angajabulela isidlo sezinambuzane nezibungu, atshale ukudla, iminenke, amaqanda ezidlekeni azonakalisile, kanye nezidumbu ezitholakala endaweni yakhe.
Ngokuqinisekisa izinkolelo ezimi isikhathi eside ngamabhere athanda uju, lolu hlobo lufanele ukuthola igama - iMelursus, noma "uju bear". Phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo zokuvuthwa kwezithelo, izithelo ezinamanzi nezintsha zingakha uhhafu omuhle wokudla kwebhere le-sloth.
Isikhathi esisele, izinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane zingukudla okuthandwa kakhulu nokufinyeleleka kalula kuye. Izilo ezingamavila nazo azinqikazi ukungena ezindaweni zokuhlala abantu futhi zicekele phansi ukutshalwa komoba nommbila.
Uzipho olukhulu olumise okwenhlamvu yamabhere luyivumela ukuba ikhuphuke kahle ezihlahleni, idilize futhi ichithe umuhlwa nezidleke zezintuthwane. Isifonyo esihlanganisiwe kanye nekhono lokusonga izindebe zibe uhlobo lwe-proboscis nakho kuneqhaza ekukhipheni izinambuzane zamakholoni esidlweni sakusihlwa. Ukuvikela ezilwaneni ezilumayo, amakhala ebhere angakwazi ukuvala ngokuzithandela.
Amazinyo mancane, futhi azikho izinsimbi ezimbili eziphakathi nendawo, okwenza kube nomzila oqhubeka "neshubhu" lezindebe ezihlanganisiwe. Ulwanga olungenalutho nolimi olude kakhulu, olutholwe ngenkathi yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, lusizo oluhle kakhulu, olubavumela ukuthi bathole ukudla emifantwini emincane.
Imvamisa, isilo esivilaphayo kuqala sikhipha konke ukungcola nothuli okuphuma ezidlekeni zezinambuzane ngamandla, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho, ngamandla afanayo, simunce isisulu esinomsoco ngaphakathi kuso sisebenzisa ithubhu ephuma ezindebeni. Yonke le nqubo inomsindo omkhulu, kwesinye isikhathi imisindo yebhere ezingela ngale ndlela izwakala ebangeni elifinyelela ku-150 m, futhi ihehe abazingeli.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nempilo yebhele le-sloth
Izinkathi zokuzalela kwamabhere ama-sloth ziyehluka kuye ngendawo yomuntu othile. Isibonelo, esifundeni sase-India lesi sikhathi siqala ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi, naseSri Lanka unyaka wonke.
Ukukhulelwa kulolu hlobo lwebhere kuhlala izinyanga eziyi-7. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi izala u-1 - 2, kuyaqabukela amawundlu amathathu. Kuphela emva kwamasonto amathathu lapho amehlo abasha evuleka khona. Amathole nonina bazoqala ukushiya indawo yabo yokuhlala ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, futhi bazoqhubeka nokuphila ngaphansi kokunakekelwa komama kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2 - 3.
Uma kunesidingo sokudlulisela inzalo yakhe kwenye indawo, umama uvame ukuzihlalisa emhlane wakhe. Le ndlela yokunyakaza isetshenziswa kungakhathalekile ubukhulu bezingane kuze kufike isikhathi sokuthi isizukulwane esisha siphile ngokuzimela.
Kukholakala ukuthi obaba ababambiqhaza ekukhuliseni nasekukhuliseni izingane zabo, kepha abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lapho umama eshona, ubaba uthatha wonke umthwalo wokuvikela nokukhulisa amathole amancane.
Ekuthunjweni, ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokunakekelwa, amabhere ama-grub aphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-40, futhi ayikho imininingwane eqondile ngokuphila kwabantu endaweni yabo yemvelo.
Amabhere amaSloth aqothulwe amakhulu eminyaka ngenxa yomonakalo awudalele umoba, ummbila nezinye izihlahla. Okwamanje, lolu hlobo lubhalwe ku-Red Book yamazwe omhlaba njengohlobo olusengozini yokuqothulwa.
