Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-mackerel
Izinhlanzi zeMackerel, ingeka-oda lomndeni wama-mackerel womndeni wama-mackerel. Isilinganiso sobude bomzimba walesi sidalwa sasemanzini singama-30 cm, kepha ngokwemvelo, abantu abangaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ubude batholakala kaningi, ngenkathi befika kubukhulu obufinyelela ku-2 kg.
Kodwa-ke, ama-specimens amancane angaba nesisindo esingu-300 g kuphela.Inhloko yezinhlanzi inesimo sesigaxa, umzimba ufana nesiphini esimbozwe ngezikali ezincane, engxenyeni yomsila siyacolisiswa bese sicindezelwa kamuva. Umbala womzimba usiliva, umakwe ngemivimbo emnyama eguqukayo, ngemuva iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngaphezu kokujwayelekile: i-dorsal ne-pectoral, i-mackerel inezintambo ezinhlanu zamaphiko angeziwe, lapho i-caudal ifakwe imfoloko kabanzi. Njengamalungu amaningi omndeni we-mackerel, enhlanzini enjalo kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa indandatho yamathambo ezungeze amehlo. Kusho impumulo yalezi zilwane zasemanzini, amazinyo ayindilinga futhi amancane ngosayizi.
AmaMackerels ahlukaniswa abe yizinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko. Phakathi kwe- izinhlobo ze-mackerel Ama-Afrika afinyelela osayizi abakhulu kakhulu. Ubude balabo bantu bungalingana no-63 cm, kanti isisindo singadlula amakhilogremu amabili.
Okuncane kakhulu (44 cm no-350 g) kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-Japanese mackerel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinjalo ziyaziwa: i-Atlantic ejwayelekile ne-Australia. AmaMackerels ahlala endaweni yolwandle esabalele kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba ngaphandle koLwandle i-Arctic. Izicathulo zezinhlanzi ezinjalo ziyabhukuda ezilwandle ezahlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo, zifudukela emanzini aseBely, futhi umackerel uyaphila ekujuleni kwezwe okungaphakathi kweBaltic, iMarmara, iBlack nolunye ulwandle.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila ye-mackerel
I-Mackerel ingenye yezinhlanzi ezingachithi isikhathi esiningi sempilo yazo ziseduze nezansi, kepha zibhukuda endaweni ye-pelagic. Bangababhukudi abahle kakhulu abazizwa behle emvelweni wamanzi futhi bajwayele impilo esebenzayo emathunjini emizimba yamanzi anosawoti. Futhi isethi ebanzi yamaphiko ibasiza ukuthi bagweme ama-eddy lapho behamba ngokushesha.
Lezi zinhlanzi zigcinwa ezikoleni, imvamisa zihlanganiswa ngamaqembu nama-sardine asePeru. I-mackerel inezitha ezanele emanzini nasemoyeni, kanti ama-pelican, amabhubesi asolwandle, amahlengethwa, oshaka kanye ne-tuna enkulu angaba yingozi kuyo. AmaMackerels awuhlobo lwezinhlanzi ezizizwa zikhululekile ebangeni lokushisa elingu-8-20 ° C, ngenxa yalesi sizathu zenza ukufuduka kwaminyaka yonke ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Futhi unyaka wonke, lezi zinhlanzi zinethuba lokuhlala kuphela emanzini afudumele oLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya, lapho umbuso wamazinga okushisa uwafanela kahle. Ukunethezeka kwamanzi aseTurkey akuwanelisi nakancane, ngakho-ke imackerel ehlala emanzini ashiwo akuvamile ukuhlala ebusika ezindaweni zabo zomdabu.
Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ama-mackerels ahlala oLwandle Olumnyama aya enyakatho yeYurophu, lapho kunemisinga efudumele ebanikeza ithuba lokuphila ngokunethezeka. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, i-mackerel ayisebenzi kakhulu futhi ayisebenzisi amandla abalulekile ngisho nasekufuneni ukudla.
Ukungabi bikho kwesikhumba sokubhukuda nokwakheka kwemisipha kusiza i-Atlantic mackerel ukuba ihambe ngokushesha okukhulu emanzini, nayo futhi eyenziwe lula kakhulu yisakhiwo somzimba esime njengeyokuphotha.
Inhlanzi enjalo inamandla okufinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-30 km / h. Leli khono lokuhamba ngokushesha lisiza lezi zidalwa zasemanzini ukuba zithuthe isikhathi eside, zihambe amabanga amade.
Ukudla kweMackerel
AmaMackerels yizilwane ezihlasela izilwane ezivamile zasemanzini. Ziphila ngokudla ngama-plankton ahlungiweko avela emanzini kanye nama-crustaceans amancani. Izinhlanzi ezivuthiwe zikhethwa njengezisulu ze-squid nezinhlanzi ezincane.
Ihlasela inyamazane yayo futhi iphose, i-Atlantic mackerel, ngokwesibonelo, ingahlakulela isivinini sokunyakaza esisheshayo esifinyelela ku-80 km / h ngemizuzwana embalwa. Ukuzingela, ama-mackerel adukelana abe yimihlambi, kuyilapho amatshe esihlabathi, i-anchovy kanye ne-sprats angaba yizinto zokuhlaselwa kwabo.
Umhlambi wama-mackerels, osebenza ndawonye, uphoqa izisulu zawo ukuba zikhuphukele phezulu emanzini futhi, ngemuva kokufaka ukudla kwabo ngobuningi, ziqala ukudla okuyinala, okuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezilwane ezinkulu zasemanzini, izinhlanzi namahlengethwa. Ukubuka ukuhlangana okunjalo kusuka phezulu, kulula ukuthola indawo yokudla yama-mackerels.
Lezi zilwane ezincane zasolwandle zinobudlova impela, kepha i-mackerel yase-Australia inesifiso esinonya kakhulu. Ukulungele ukubamba, ngaphandle kokungabaza okukhulu, konke okubonakala sengathi kuyadla kuye. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlukile, ama-anglers ase-Australia avamise ukubamba iqiniso lokuthi angabamba kalula i-mackerel ngisho nangochuku ngaphandle kokuyenga.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-mackerel
AmaMackerels aqala ukuzala ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Futhi-ke, njalo ngonyaka, abantu abavuthiwe bayakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo baze bafinyelele ebudaleni obudala kakhulu, okuqala kule nhlanzi eminyakeni eyi-18-20. Iminyaka ekhonjisiwe iyisikhathi sokuphila salezi zinto eziphilayo.
Izinhlanzi eziningi ezivuthiwe ziqala ukuzala phakathi nentwasahlobo. Ama-mackerels amancane aqala ukuzala kuphela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili bazala izingxenye ezithile emanzini asogwini phakathi nentwasahlobo nehlobo.
Ukuzalela ama-mackerel kwenzeka ngenkuthalo, njengoba inhlanzi ivundile ngokweqile, ishiya amaqanda afinyelela kwengxenye yesigidi ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha angama-200. Amaqanda acishe abe yimilimitha ububanzi. Futhi ngamunye wabo unikezwa ngethonsi lamafutha, okuzoba ukudla kwenzalo ekhulayo.
Isikhathi sokwakheka kwesibungu ngqo sincike ezimeni ezinethezekile endaweni yasemanzini futhi sisuka kusigamu esisodwa nengxenye kuya emavikini amathathu. Izibungu ze-mackerel zidla kakhulu futhi zinolaka kangangokuba zisuthi ngenxa yokoma futhi zingadlana ngokudla okuhle.
Amafry asanda kuzalwa mancane, ngamasentimitha ambalwa nje ubude. Kepha zikhula ngokushesha futhi ngokuwa usayizi wazo uyanda izikhathi ezintathu noma ngaphezulu. Kepha ngemuva kwalokho, izinga lokukhula kwama-mackerels amancane liyehla.
Ukubamba ama-mackerel
IMackerel iyinhlanzi ebilokhu yaziswa kakhulu futhi ibiyinto yokudoba okusebenzayo. Kuyafaneleka ukuphawula ukuthi kuze kufike kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-65 ezinhlanzi ezinjalo abanjwa minyaka yonke ogwini olusentshonalanga yeYurophu kuphela.
Indawo enkulu yemackerel yenza kube lula ukuyibamba ezingxenyeni eziningi zeplanethi yethu: ngasogwini lwaseYurophu kuya eCanary Islands, eBlack, eBaltic naseMarmara Seas, nasehlobo enyakatho e-Iceland nasogwini lwaseMurmansk, emanzini oLwandle Olumhlophe, ngasogwini lwaseNovaya Zemlya nase kwezinye izindawo ezingenakubalwa.
Ezokudoba ama-mackerel, kusetshenziswa kakhulu izingxobo zezikhwama zensimbi nezinsimbi, kanye netrals, amalayini amade, izingwegwe ezahlukahlukene zokudoba kanye namanetha e-gill. Ukubamba ama-mackerel kubadobi abakhuthele, akubonakali kunzima kakhulu. Futhi indlela elula kunazo zonke ukudoba esikebheni semikhumbi noma kunoma yisiphi isikebhe. Le yinhlanzi ehaha kakhulu, ngakho-ke akuyona into ekhohlisayo ukuheha ama-mackerel.
Noma yini ekhangayo futhi ekhanyayo ilungele lokhu, futhi abadobi bavame ukuhlomisa, ngokwazi lokhu, izingwegwe zezinduku zokudoba ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamachashazi acwebezelayo nocwecwe lwesiliva. Njengesilingo, ungasebenzisa inhlanzi encane, imbaza kanye nenyama yenhlanzi, kanye nesithiyelo sokuzenzela, ongasithenga ngokukhululeka.
I-Mackerel – okumnandi inhlanzi, inyama yayo iyabhema, ifakwa usawoti futhi isemathinini, kepha isabanjiwe, izonambitha okuhle kakhulu. Lo mkhiqizo awubizi kakhulu. Intengo yeMackerel ngqo kuya ngekhwalithi yayo kanye nobubanzi obusuka kuma-ruble ayi-120 kuye kwangama-160 ngekhilogremu ngalinye.
Ungayipheka kanjani i-mackerel
IMackerel iyinhlanzi ebamba iqhaza elibalulekile embonini yezokudla. Futhi unikezwa indawo ekhethekile ekuphekeni, kusukela imackerel – inhlanzi enempilo... Okuqukethwe kwamafutha enyama yalezi zilwane zasemanzini kuphakeme impela futhi kufinyelela ku-16.5%, maqondana nokuthi izitsha ezinjalo zezinhlanzi, ngenxa yokuba khona kwamafutha acid, zinenani eliphakeme lokudla okunempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama ye-mackerel iyinambitha, ithenda, ayiqukethe amathambo amancane, ngakho-ke ihlukaniswa kalula kubo, icebile ngamaprotheni agayeka kalula novithamini B12.
Inyama yeMackerel ingeyezinhlobo ezinhle. Kunezitsha ezingaphezu kokwanele ezimangalisayo ezingadalwa kusuka kule nhlanzi. Futhi ilusizo empilweni yansuku zonke nasetafuleni lemikhosi zokupheka nge-mackerel, futhi sekusungulwe inani elikhulu.
Inyama enjalo ibhakwa kuhhavini nemifino, iyosiwe, yenziwa nge-batter, ithelwe ngososo abahlukahlukene, okugcwele ukugcwaliswa ngomlomo, ama-cutlets athosiwe futhi kwenziwa ama-pâté. Noma kunjalo, umkhiqizo onjalo unezici ezithile. Iqiniso ngukuthi iphunga le-mackerel entsha lisanda kucaciswa.
Kungakho omama bekhaya abanekhono kufanele baphendukele kwamanye amaqhinga ukuze benze izitsha ze-mackerel ezihlwabusayo. Ngaphambi kokupheka, inyama yale nhlanzi ivame ukuhlanjululwa ngewayini elimhlophe elimhlophe, uviniga, i-lime noma ijusi likalamula ukulwa nephunga elingafuneki. Ngesizathu esifanayo, kungenzeka futhi ukufafaza inyama yenhlanzi ngamakhambi anamakha.
I-fillet ye-mackerel yehlukaniswe kalula yaba izingqimba ezinesiyingi. Inyama enjalo kufanele ibhakwe isongwe ngocwecwe. I-mackerel ethosiwe nebilisiwe inenkinga yokuthi kuvela ukuthi yomile kancane, ngoba iwanikela kalula amanoni aqukethwe kuyo. Futhi lesi ngesinye isizathu sokuhambisa inyama yaso ngaphambi kokupheka.
Umkhiqizo osetshenzisiwe usetshenziswa kangcono okusha. Futhi kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-mackerel efriziwe okwesibili. Kulokhu kokugcina, amanoni asenyameni angashintsha abe rancid. Futhi uphawu lokuthi lokhu sekwenzekile vele amabala aphuzi avela esidunjini.
