Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwecilongo
Cishe noma yiliphi igobolondo elihle neligoqiwe elitholakala ogwini liyafana igobolondo lecilongo... Yize kunenqwaba yama-mollusk abukeka njengecilongo.
Icilongo leClam
Isibonelo, i-rapan efanayo (i-rapana), evame ukutholakala oLwandle Olumnyama futhi ejwayelekile kubo bonke abavakashela amaholide, icishe ifane nayo. Yize ochwepheshe benaka iqiniso lokuthi icilongo sincane ngosayizi, futhi igobolondo laso le-helical linomusa ngokwengeziwe futhi lihlangene, futhi i-rapan ibanzi futhi iyisicaba. Kepha umnenke we-bulo, odume kakhulu futhi othandwa kakhulu eFrance, uwuhlobo lwecilongo. Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezingama-80 kuya kwayi-100 zamacilongo, ngokuya ngokulinganisela okuhlukahlukene.
Abashaywayo (umndeni we-buccinid) nabo bahlala eduze kweSouth Pole, kepha ikakhulukazi emanzini aseNyakatho ye-Atlantic: olwandle iBaltic, White, Barents. Ihlangana impama yecilongo naseMpumalanga Ekude, ikakhulukazi, oLwandle lwase-Okhotsk, lapho kudotshwa khona ukudoba kuwo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yizimbumbulu zaseMpumalanga Ekude okuyizona ezinkulu kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso segobolondo le-mollusk yabantu abadala kungu-8-16 cm, futhi ingafinyelela ubukhulu bayo kuze kufike kuma-25 cm.
Ingxenye yangaphakathi yegobolondo ibushelelezi, ngaphandle kokuphuma namazinyo. Azihlali ekujuleni kakhulu, kepha duzane nasogwini, zicwila phansi kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1000. Okungukuthi, lesi silwane esinegazi elibandayo asesabi imisinga elinganiselayo namakhaza, kodwa sizizwa sikhulu kuyo.
Ake sithi uLwandle lwaseNorway lufudumele kakhulu kubo, lapho imbumbulu yecilongo ihlala khona Abantu abancane, kepha ugu lwase-Antarctica lufanelekile.
I-mollusk yathola igama layo kusuka kugobolondo lokuvulwa elinde. Kukhona inganekwane yokuthi ezinsukwini zakudala izinsimbi zomculo zomoya zazenziwa ngamagobolondo amakhulu wabashayi bamacilongo.
Umlingiswa nendlela yokuphila yecilongo
Icilongo - imbaza yolwandle... Isimo samacilongo, njengawo wonke ama-gastropods, sifana ne-phlegmatic. Zihlala ezansi, zihamba kancane. Umlenze uhamba umhlabathi, uphume uqweqwe lwe-inlet ubuyele emuva, futhi ikhanda lihamba njalo, liphendukela lapho ithatha khona iphunga lokudla okungenzeka.
Esimweni esizolile, ijubane lokuhamba lingu-10-15 cm / min, kepha ngesikhathi sokufuna okusebenzayo ukudla kungakhuphuka kuze kufike ku-25 cm / min. Ama-molluscs sekuyisikhathi eside alahlekelwe yizigaxa zawo ezibhangqiwe, ngakho amacilongo aphefumula emgodini owodwa we-gill - umoya-mpilo ungena emzimbeni usuka emanzini ahlungiwe.
Amanzi ahlungwa ngesitho esikhethekile - i-siphon, esebenza ngasikhathi sinye njengengxenye ethintekayo, esiza imollusk ukuthola indawo enezinga lokushisa elifanele nokuthola ukudla, kufaka phakathi nephunga lokubola.
Inqubo yokondla nokunyakaza icram icilongo ifanekisiwe kungabonakala ngokuphelele. Isiphon sayo futhi sisiza lo mnenke wolwandle ukuthi ugweme ukuhlangana nezitha ezingaba khona - i-starfish, njengoba zikhipha ikhemikhali elithile.
Kepha ngokuvika isilwane esisodwa, icilongo lingawela kwesinye: inhlanzi emaphakathi noma enkulu, inkalankala, i-walrus nezinye izilwane zasolwandle. Ngisho igobolondo elicinene ngeke libe yisithiyo ku-walrus - umane alifunqule aligaye kanye nomzimba wemollusk.
Amandla wecilongo
Iphunga lala ma mollusks lincane kakhulu, lizwa inyamazane ikude bese likhasa lize lifike kulo. Ukudla komfula wecilongo ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo ebolayo nezidumbu zezilwane ezifile.
Kungukudla okutholakala kalula kakhulu kwecilongo elihamba kancane. Kepha nokho lesi yisidli sangempela! Ingadla ama-plankton, izibungu, izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans amancane, ama-echinoderms, futhi iyakwazi nokudonsa ama-bivalve molluscs ngaphandle kwamagobolondo.
Amathe akhe aqukethe into ekhubazekile ekhethekile. Abashayi bamacilongo bayinhlekelele yangempela kumakoloni ezimbaza. Izimbaza azikwazi ukumelana nalomzingeli ophikelelayo. Futhi ngecilongo, ikoloni elinjalo liyigugu langempela. Emahoreni amabili kuya kwamathathu, icilongo elilodwa lidla imbaza eyodwa, futhi ezinsukwini eziyi-10 liyakwazi ukuhlanza irenki yaleli koloni ngamayunithi angaphezu kwekhulu.
Ukuvulwa komlomo kwe-blower kutholakala eduze kwe-siphon futhi kutholakala ekugcineni kwesiqu eside. Isiqu sinwebeka kakhulu, sihamba futhi ivumela imollusk ukuthi iklwebhe ukudla ngisho nangaphezulu kwegobolondo layo.
Emphinjeni wecilongo, kubekwa i-radula enamazinyo aqinile, aqhubekele phambili futhi agaye ukudla. Lapho kugayiwe, ukudla kumunca emlonyeni. Iphunga elicashile lidlala ngokumelene necilongo uqobo - izicupho ezinephunga elinezinhlanzi nenyama ziheha ama-mollusk, futhi izinkulungwane zazo ziwela ezingibeni ezibekwe ngumuntu.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nempilo yecilongo
Amacilongo angama-dioecious molluscs. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sivame ukuqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo, bese kuthi abesifazane babekele amaqanda ngamaphilisi. Izikhwama ze-oval capsule eziqukethe amaqanda angama-50 kuye kwayi-1000 anamathisela emadwaleni, izimbaza ezinkulu, amakhorali nezinye izinto ezifanelekayo ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Esibalweni semibungu esewonke, kusinda abantu abayi-4 kuya kwabayi-6 kuphela, abadla amaqanda angomakhelwane futhi bakhule babe namandla, baphenduke izinkawu ezakhiwe ngokuphelele ezinobukhulu obungamamilimitha angu-2-3. Ukushiya umfece, imollusk encane ihlafuna ifilimu yayo bese iyaphuma, inendlu encane yegobolondo.
Okuthakazelisayo ngomdlali wecilongo kubantu
Ngaphezu kwamapayipi asayinayo, abantu bezikhathi zasendulo babenza imihlobiso nezibani ngamacilongo. Manje amagobolondo ayadingeka njengezikhumbuzo, kepha hhayi kakhulu.
I-Clam ye-Trumpeter ekheniwe
Abaningi banesithakazelo kulokhu i-trumpet clam - iyadliwa noma cha... Yebo, kuyadliwa. Ngakho-ke, amacilongo akhanga kakhulu njengezinto zokudoba. Isisindo somzimba (umlenze wekhanda) wemollusk yabantu abadala sifinyelela kuma-25 amagremu.
Inyama yecilongo iyondla, iyamnandi, kodwa ikhalori ephansi. Ukukhishwa kubo kuthuthukiswa kokubili eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseRussia, eJapane (eMpumalanga Ekude). Isikhathi sezimayini siqala ngo-Okthoba size sithathe kuze kube nguFebhuwari. Abaphethe amacilongo bayaphekwa, njenge squid, njengezinye izinhlanzi eziningi zasolwandle, ngendlela emnene. Futhi, izimbaza zikhiqizwa ngendlela yokudla okusemathinini.
Ngokuya ngenani lokudla okunempilo, amagremu ayi-100 enyama yesigaxa aqukethe amagremu ayi-17 wamaprotheni amsulwa, u-0.5 amagremu wamafutha, kanye no-3 amagremu ama-carbohydrate. Izici eziwusizo zecilongo lembaza lokhu akugcini lapho. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori okuphelele kungama-24 kcal kuphela. Iqukethe amavithamini, ikakhulukazi eqembu le-B.
