I-Guppy (Poesilia reticulata) isho izinhlanzi ezinamanzi angenasawoti i-viviparous. Isici sesici ukuba khona kwe-dimorphism yezocansi, ngakho-ke ngisho ne-aquarist engenalwazi iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, abahlukile hhayi ngosayizi kuphela, kodwa nangokwakheka komzimba nombala.
Izinhlanzi zeGuppy endle
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zivame kakhulu endle, ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okusinda nokuzithoba... Izinhlanzi zokuqala zilethwa eYurophu emuva ngo-1866, zathola igama lazo ukuhlonipha udokotela nompristi odumile waseNgilandi - uRobert Guppy.
Ukubukeka nencazelo
I-guppy yesilisa ezimweni zemvelo inombala ogqame kakhulu, ohlukile kowesifazane. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, umbala we-guppy ukude kakhulu nombala wazo zonke izinhlobo ze-aquarium ezifuywa ngokuzalanisa.
Abesifazane nabesilisa babonakala ngokuhlukahluka kombala, usayizi, ukuma komzimba namaphiko.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala
Imidlwane izalwa eziqhingini zaseTrinidad naseTobago, kanye nasendaweni yaseNingizimu Melika, kubandakanya iVenezuela, iGuiana kanye neBrazil. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo ivamise ukuba ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi agelezayo, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zikhetha ukuhlala emanzini asogwini anosawoti. Ukuphakelwa kokudla kuqukethe izikelemu, izibungu, izimpethu zegazi kanye nezinambuzane ezincane ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yokuthi imidlwane igcwala kakhulu ezindaweni ezinenqwaba yomiyane i-anopheles.
Izinhlobo ze-Guppy
Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zohlobo lwama-guppies ezingahluka kakhulu ekubukekeni kwazo:
- ama-guppies abomvu abomvu futhi ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- iveli noma i-plume guppy, emelwe yi-emerald, izinhlobo ezinomsila omnyama, ukhaphethi-umsila omnyama;
- i-guppy yesikhafu enesikhafu esifana nesikhafu kanye nomsila womsila weveli;
- I-guppy eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nebushelelezi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eMoscow;
- i-velvet carpet guppy, i-carnation guppy ne-guppy yaseSpain;
- i-red-tailed Berlin noma i-guppy emnyama emnyama, emelwe inombolo enkulu yezinhlobo zezinhlobo zangaphakathi;
- i-guppy enomsila oyindilinga;
- i-ribbon guppy enomsila wokuqala;
- i-ribbon-scarf guppy enomphetho omise okwesikhafu;
- ingwe noma i-guppy emnyama emnyama;
- i-guppy esetshenzisiwe futhi i-guppy yegolide esetshenzisiwe.
Eminyakeni yakamuva, i-emerald guppy enhle kakhulu noma i-Winner's guppy, kanye ne-golden emerald guppy, idume kakhulu kuma-aquarists asekhaya. Azikho nhlobo izinhlanzi ezithandwayo ezinendawo ende, enwetshiwe, yangemuva yokulenga ilengele eceleni, engeyezinhlobo ze-Scarf guppy.
Ukugcina imidlwane ekhaya
Inhlanzi eviviparous inomzimba ovulekile, futhi, kanye nama-mollies kanye ne-platies, kungokomndeni omkhulu we-platies. Abesifazane be-Aquarium bakhulu impela, banomzimba ongafika ku-30-60mm ubude... Ubude bomzimba wesilisa, njengomthetho, buyahluka phakathi kuka-15-35mm. Izinhlobo zokuzalela ezingavamile ezifuywa ekuthunjweni zinkulu kunezihlobo zazo zasendle.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ama-Guppies ayizinhlanzi ezi-viviparous, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, wonke amafry azokwakhiwa ngokuphelele futhi asetshenziselwe ukondla ama-ciliates, kanye nokudla okuncane.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Ngaphambi kokufaka ama-guppies ku-aquarium yasekhaya entsha, izinhlanzi kufanele zilungiswe kahle. Ushintsho olubukhali kakhulu ekushiseni kwezinga lokushisa noma umehluko ophawulekayo kwikhwalithi yamanzi lungalimaza isilwane sasekhaya esishisayo ngokungajwayelekile.
Ngokwesilinganiso, inhlanzi eyodwa e-aquarium kufanele ibe namalitha amabili noma amathathu wamanzi. Ukukhanya okusabalalisa kumele kuhlinzekwe amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku, futhi ukungabi khona kokukhanya kungaba yimbangela enkulu yokukhubazeka komgogodla nezinye izifo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha izitshalo zasemanzini ezinamaqabunga athambile futhi amancane njengotshani. IHornwort ne-Elodea zilungile, kanye ne-Indian water fern. Ama-aquarists anolwazi akhetha ukuvunguza kweVallisneria kanye nokukhanya okuyiNitella.
Izidingo zamanzi
Kungenzeka ukugcina inhlanzi enjalo exotic futhi enhle kakhulu kuphela ezindaweni zasemanzini ezishisayo, ezinamazinga okushisa amanzi angama-22-26mayelanaC. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo, izinhlanzi ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kahle nokugcina ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi ezingeni le-19-29mayelanaKUSUKA.
Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, amapharamitha wamanzi we-aquarium awabalulekile, ngenxa yokujwayela i-guppy esheshayo futhi elula ibe yintsha, hhayi izimo zokuphila ezinethezekile kakhulu. Amapharamitha afanelekile wokugcina i-aquarium yi-pH acidity ebangeni lamayunithi we-7.0-7.2 anamanani obulukhuni we-dH wamayunithi ayi-12-15.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi zeGuppy
Ukunakekela i-guppy akunzima nakancane. Kwanele ukusebenzisa ukudla okuphelele futhi okulinganiselayo ukondla izinhlanzi ezishisayo, kanye nokuhlanza okuhlelekile nokufaka ingxenye yamanzi e-aquarium.
AmaGuppies, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo, akhetha ukuhlala ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile, njalo, kepha amanzi afakwe endaweni ethile ngokugeleza okuncane. Ukugcina ezindala, ngaphandle kwamanzi ajwayelekile we-aquarium, isizathu esiyinhloko sokushaya amaphiko kuzo zonke izinhlobo zembozo.
Ukudla okunomsoco nokudla
Imidlwane isesigabeni sezinhlanzi ezingama-omnivorous aquarium, okumele zinikezwe ukudla okuncane okuvela ezilwaneni nakwezitshalo. Ngokuvamile, ama-protozoa nama-rotifers asetshenziswa njengokudla.... Izinsalela zokudla okungadliwe kufanele zisuswe e-aquarium cishe ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla. Ukudla kunikezwa isigamu sehora ngemuva kokukhanyisa ugesi.
Okubalulekile!Izinhlanzi ezindala zidinga izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuzila isonto ngalinye, ezizogcina ama-guppies asezindaweni ezishisayo ahamba futhi enempilo kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
Zikulungele kakhulu ukondla uPhilodina no-Asplanch, kanye nama-crustaceans amelwe amaCycops, iDaphnia nezibungu zomiyane. Ungasebenzisa ama-annelids, izikelemu ezinamafutha amancane, i-tubifex, i-aulophorus ne-neuston, kanye nezitshalo ezifana ne-chlorella ne-spirulina. Abaningi bama-aquarist basebenzisa ukudla okusezingeni eliphakeme, okwenziwe ngomumo kwenhlanzi yokudla okunomsoco. Owesilisa ngamunye omdala, kunikezwa izikelemu ezincane eziyishumi nesigamu nsuku zonke. Izinga lokuphakelwa kwabesifazane cishe lingaba yizikelemu eziyishumi zegazi.
Ukuzalisa i-Guppy nokuzala kabusha
Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sowesifazane singahluka ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa wamanzi e-aquarium, kepha, njengomthetho, amasonto amathathu noma ngaphezulu nje kwenyanga, emva kwalokho kuzalwa amafry ayishumi kuya kwamakhulu amabili. Izinhlanzi zizalwa njalo ngenyanga nohhafu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kunezimo ezaziwayo zokuzalwa kukafry noma unyaka ngemuva kokukhwelana nowesilisa, ngakho-ke, ngenhloso yokuzalanisa, kusetshenziswa abesifazane abangamantombazane noma abangamantombazane kuphela, abakhuliswa bodwa kwabesilisa.
Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala, izingane ezisencane ezizalwayo kudingeka zigcinwe ku-jig okhethekile, ngemuva kwalokho kufanele zidluliselwe esitsheni esivulekile kakhulu. Kakade eneminyaka engu-inyanga eyodwa, u-aquarist unethuba lokuhlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane, abonakala ngokuba mnyama ejwayelekile endaweni eyindunu. Ezimweni zasekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa okungalawuleki kwama-guppies, ngakho-ke, bonke abantu kufanele bahlukaniswe ngokocansi.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Ukuqhubeka nokuzalanisa imidlwane eyayikhuliswe ekuthunjweni, kuzodingeka ukuthi ulungiselele i-aquarium enenani elikhulu lezimila. Izinhlanzi ezincane nezinamaselula zinokuthula impela futhi zingahlangana ngokuphelele nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingezona ezokulwa. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukhethe noma iyiphi inhlanzi esheshayo, kufaka phakathi i-barbs, njengomngane wama-guppies.
Imidlwane ifakiwe ngokufanele ezinhlanzini eziyishumi eziphezulu kakhulu ezingathobeki futhi zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarist asekhaya.... Bancamela ukugcina emihlambini engxenyeni engenhla naphakathi yamanzi e-aquarium, ngakho-ke izinhlanzi ezifunda isikole zomndeni we-haracin, imihubhe namanoni, kanye nezikebhe kanye ne-catfish esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, kuzoba omakhelwane abalungele zona.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Izinhlanzi ezincane zinobude bomzimba obungama-40-50mm. Abesilisa bahlala bencane ngokuphawulekayo kunabesifazane, kepha isilinganiso sokuphila se-guppy, njengomthetho, asidluli iminyaka emibili noma emithathu, futhi ubukhulu obuncane nendawo yokuhlala emanzini afudumele kunomthelela ekusheshiseni okuphawulekayo kwemetabolism kanye nokwehliswa okucacile kwesikhathi sokuphila.
Ungawathenga kuphi amantombazane, intengo
Imidlwane yanoma yimuphi ubudala nombala ingathengwa kokubili esitolo sezilwane nakubalimi abaningi abazimele. Lapho uthenga inhlanzi yase-aquarium efana ne-guppy, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka isilinganiso esifanele senani labesilisa nabesifazane, okufanele libe linye kuya kwamabili.
Izindleko zincike kusayizi, ubudala, izici zokufuya. Isibonelo, imidlwane yamaduna yasendle i-Endler P. wingei ibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-100-110, kuthi ama-guppies aseJapan P. resticulata inkemba eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka athengiswa ngentengo yama-ruble angama-90-95. Okuthandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu yiBlondie Black guppies P. recticulata kanye namaGuppies aphuzi aseJalimane, intengo yawo iqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-90-95. Njengomthetho, ngisho nezinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu ezingabizi kakhulu.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
I-Guppy yinhlanzi enhle futhi engathobekile ngokuphelele efanelekile kubaqalayo kanye nama-aquarist ochwepheshe.... Inhlanzi encane kakhulu, esebenzayo kakhulu futhi enhle ngokumangalisayo kulula ukuyizala futhi ingafuni ukugcinwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kukhonjiswa, ama-novice aquarists ayelulekwa ukuthi ayeke ukuthola amafomu wokukhanyisa amahle kakhulu futhi amahle kakhulu anezimpiko ezinde nezifana.
Okubalulekile!Izinhlanzi ezinjalo ezishisayo zibonakala ngokungatheleleki komzimba futhi zifuna kakhulu ezimweni zokugcina i-aquarium.
Yizinhlobo ezilula ezikwazi ukujabulisa umnikazi wazo okungenani ngaphansi kwamafomu okuqala okuzala abizayo, kepha izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjalo zingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi ngeke zidale izinkinga nhlobo enqubweni yokugcina nokufuya.
