Izilwane eziningi zizalwa ngabantu ikakhulukazi ukuthola inyama, noma ukusebenzisa isikhumba. Kepha kukhona futhi "jikelele" okuyigugu kubo bobabili. Lezi zilwane zifaka phakathi unogwaja unogwaja, olunye lwezinhlobo zonogwaja ezaziwa kakhulu.
Ukubukeka
Onogwaja bangabomndeni wonogwaja, okungukuthi uvemvane lubekwe njengoboya, inyama nohlobo lokuhlobisa. Yaqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa yombala wayo - isikhumba esimhlophe esinamabala amnyama osayizi abahlukahlukene. Amabala nawo angaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ompunga noma onsundu.
Ebusweni, okungukuthi emakhaleni nasezihlathini, indawo emnyama ibukeka njengovemvane, lokhu kubonakala kahle kuso isithombe sovemvane onogwaja... Indawo ezungeze amehlo nezindlebe nayo imnyama. Uboya bumnyama ngomgogodla. Izindawo eziseceleni kufanele zihlukaniswe kusuka emuva okumnyama. Uboya buyathandeka ekuthinteni, nokunwebeka, kokulingene okulingene, okucwebezelayo.
TO incazelo yokuvela kukanogwaja uvemvane kufanele wengeze ukuthi ezinye izinkomba ziholela ekunqandeni:
- uboya obumnyama obuzungeze amehlo namakhala kwakha iphethini eyodwa eqhubekayo;
- kwabesifazane, izinwele ezizungeze izingono azigqanyisiwe ngombala omnyama;
- kunamabala amnyama emzimbeni nasemilenzeni engezansi;
- amehlo anombala okhanyayo.
Umzimba kanogwaja uminyene, uqinile, ungaphezulu kancane kwesigamu semitha ubude. Ikhanda likhulu, liyindilinga kwabesifazane futhi liyindilinga kwabesilisa. Isifuba sibanzi, cishe ngamasentimitha angama-35. Imilenze inemisipha, iqonde. Ngezansi komsila nezinzipho kulula.
Isihlobo esiseduze seqhawe lethu futhi futhi uvemvane lwe-bunny california, eyehluka kwezinye izici, kufaka phakathi umbala - inamabala amnyama kuphela ebusweni, emilenzeni, ezindlebeni ezimnyama nasesinqeni somsila.
Umlando wozalo
Ekupheleni kuka-1987, lolu hlobo lwazalwa eNgilandi, futhi lwaba yisisekelo sokuzalela ezintsha. Ekuqaleni, labogwaja babebancane, babefika ku-3 kg kuphela, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baqala ukuzala izinhlobo ezintsha ngokuwela nezinhlobo ezinkulu.
Sisebenzise onogwaja ababejwayelene kakhulu nesimo sezulu, okuphakelayo - ama-flanders, i-chinchilla, i-giant emhlophe nabanye. Abafuyi bathole imiphumela emihle, isisindo unogwaja uzalela uvemvane yaqala ukufinyelela ku-5 kg.
Izinhlobo ezintsha zazibizwa ngokuthi izimvemvane zaseJalimane nezaseFrance, iRein neCzechoslovak rabbit ehlukahlukene, uhleko olumhlophe lwaseFrance. Onogwaja abanjalo basabalala ngokushesha hhayi eRussia yonkana kuphela kodwa nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Lapho ugcina unogwaja wevemvane, ungasebenzisa amasistimu ahlukahlukene - angabi nhlobo, agcinwe ehokweni, esibayeni noma eshedini. Vele, kulula kakhulu ukubona izilwane ezifuywayo ezihlala emakhejini. Ngalokhu okuqukethwe, ungadlulisela kalula amaseli endaweni efudumele ebusika futhi, okuphambene nalokho, uwafake ngaphandle ngenkathi efudumele.
Umoya omusha uzohlomulisa ijazi ngokuyenza ibe mkhulu. Okuqukethwe okufanayo emgwaqweni kuzoqinisa amasosha omzimba. Ikheji uqobo ingaba lincane. Onogwaja bazovuma ukuhlala kuvulandi esibayeni esincane. Isidingo esiyinhloko ukungabi khona kokusalungiswa nobumanzi.
Izilwane azilithandi ilanga eliqondile - imisebe ye-ultraviolet eningi kakhulu iyonakalisa, kanye nokushisa okukhulu kweseli emi elangeni. Kepha ikheji kufanele lime endaweni ekhanyayo, noma likhanyiselwe ngokungeyikho. Izinga lokushisa lapho onogwaja behlala ngokunethezeka lihle kakhulu ebangeni elingu-12-18 C⁰.
Ukushintshashintsha okubukhali akuthandeki. Izithwathwa zasebusika ngaphansi kuka -30 C⁰ zizobulala nezilwane ezinempilo, kanye nobukhulu behlobo. Ukuhlanzeka kwamaseli kufanele kwenziwe okungenani ama-2 ngeviki, uma amaseli esegumbini, lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uwuphe umoya ngezikhathi ezithile, uvimbele iphunga elibi.
Kungcono ukugcina umbuso wokudla uhlala njalo, izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku, ngoba izilwane zijwayela ukudla ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokuqondene nokudla kukanogwaja wovemvane uqobo, akunasizotha ekudleni. Zidla izitshalo nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, futhi umnikazi ngamunye uzondla ngalokho anakho ngobuningi.
Izakhamizi zasehlobo zondla onogwaja ngokusika kwamagatsha wezithelo, iziqongo zezitshalo zensimu (izaqathe, ama-beet), amaqabunga aphansi eklabishi, itheniphu. Baphinde bondle imifino yezimpande ngokwabo - ama-beet, amazambane abilisiwe, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Ehlobo, unganikeza ummbila ongakavuthwa, ama-apula. Ebusika, onogwaja badliswa ngotshani.
Kumele ivunwe kahle, ngaphandle kokungena kwamakhambi anobuthi afana ne-belladonna, i-dope, i-lily yesigodi, i-celandine nezinye eziningi. Ukudla okuhle kakhulu kuzoba yi-alfalfa, i-tansy, i-clover, i-clover emnandi. Ungasebenzisa ama-concentrate - i-granulated feed. Banikezwa nokudla okuhlanganisiwe kanye nesilage. Izilwane nazo zidinga ukudla okuqinile ukuze zikwazi ukucija amazinyo azo. Abanye abalimi bafaka izingodo njalo esibayeni.
Qiniseka ukuthi unamanzi okuphuza amasha ehhokweni, ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa nalapho udla ngokudla okomile. Abantu abakhethelwa ukuzala akufanele banikezwe ngokweqile, ngoba abesilisa abakhuluphele abakwazi ukubhekana kahle nemisebenzi yokuhlangana, futhi abesifazane kungenzeka bangayondli inzalo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukubamba phezulu ukuzalanisa uvemvane oluthandayoawukwazi ukuweqa nezinye izinhlobo ngenhloso yokulondoloza izinhlobo. Lapho zinezinyanga ezi-4-5 ubudala, abesifazane bakulungele ukuzala, abesilisa kufanele babe badala kancane. Insikazi ifakwa esibayeni nendoda futhi, ngemuva kokukhwelana, ibuye ihlaliswe phansi. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30-32. I-Okrol yenzeka ebusuku futhi ithatha imizuzu eyi-15-50.
Abesifazane benza umsebenzi omuhle ngendima yokuba ngumama, banakekele izingane, bazikhothe, bazimboze nge-fluff. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-20, izingane, okuvame ukuthi kube nezicucu eziyi-6-8 kudoti, zondla ubisi. Kamuva, sebenganikezwa ukudla okujwayelekile okudliwa onogwaja abadala. Ngemuva kwenye inyanga, izilwane ezincane sezikulungele ngokuphelele ukuphila ngokuzimela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, onogwaja baphila iminyaka engu-7-8.
Ukubuyekezwa kwentengo nokuzala
"Izimvemvane" ezincane zingathengwa ngentengo yama-ruble angama-300, izilwane ezindala zibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-1000. Impendulo evela kubanikazi balezi zilwane imvamisa ihlala ihle njalo. Abalimi abafuna inyama ehlwabusayo bavame ukukhetha izinhlobo ezinkulu, kepha ukugcina uvemvane kuthela umkhiqizo walo omkhulu.
Lolu hlobo lujwayele kalula, aludingi ukunakekelwa okunzima kakhulu. Izikhumba zizithanda kakhulu futhi zidayisa ngokushesha. Ziyathengwa futhi zenzelwe ikhaya. Lezi yizilwane ezithandekayo, ezinobungane, ezinokuthula izingane ezizithandayo. Zinhle kakhulu, zihlala zidonsa ukunaka futhi zizoba isilwane esimangalisayo nesingathobekile.
