Abathandi bezinhlanzi zase-aquarium bajwayele izinhlobo zabo eziningi, kepha hhayi zonke. Kepha bonke abasemanzini bazi kahle i-crustacean encane eya ezilwaneni zabo ukuyodla - gammarus.
Ukubukeka kweGammarus
Umndeni wama-gammarids ungowohlobo lwe-crayfish ephakeme. I-Gammarus ingeka-oda lama-amphipod futhi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200. Igama elijwayelekile lama-amphipods kubantu yi-mormysh, futhi lihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-4500.
Lezi yizidalwa ezincane, ezicishe zibe yi-1 cm.Umzimba wazo ugobeke waba yi-arc, evikelwe yisembozo se-chitinous, esinezinto eziyi-14. Umbala we-gammarus uncike ekudleni esikudlayo.
Ama-crustaceans adla izitshalo anombala oluhlaza okotshani, kunezinombala onsundu nophuzi, izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zihlala eLake Baikal, kanti izinhlobo ezijule kakhulu zolwandle kaningi azinambala. Kunezitho zombono - amehlo ahlangene amabili, nezitho zokuthinta - amapheya amabili ezimpondo ekhanda. Intshebe eyodwa iqondiswe phambili futhi yinde, eyesibili ibheka emuva.
I-Gammarus inamabhangqa emilenze ayi-9, kanti ngalinye ngalinye linomsebenzi walo. Imilenze ye-pectoral ineziphuphu ezisetshenziselwa ukuphefumula. Zivikelwe ngamapuleti amancane kodwa aqinile. Izitho ngokwazo zihlala zihamba njalo ukuhlinzeka ngokungena kwamanzi ahlanzekile nomoya-mpilo. Futhi emaceleni amabili angaphambili kukhona uzipho oludingekayo ukubamba inyamazane futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala kusiza ukubambelela kowesifazane ngokuqinile.
Amabili emilenze esiswini asetshenziselwa ukubhukuda futhi anikezwa ama-bristles. Amabhangqa amathathu okugcina abhekiswe emuva futhi anomumo ofana neqabunga, wona nomsila wama-crustaceans ayaxosha futhi enze ukunyakaza okucijile okuya phambili.
Futhi zimbozwe ngama-bristles. Ngala mathuluzi i-gammarus ibeka inkomba yayo. Umzimba wabesifazane nawo unekamelo elikhethekile lezingane, elisesifubeni.
Indawo yokuhlala yaseGammarus
Indawo yokuhlala yaseGammarus ibanzi kakhulu - ihlala ezingxenyeni eziningi zeNyakatho Nenkabazwe, ifaka phakathi iChina, iJapane neziqhingi eziningi. Ensimini yezwe lethu, kutholakala izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo eLake Baikal. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba.
UGammarus uhlala emanzini ahlanzekile, kepha izinhlobo eziningi zihlala emanzini anosawoti. Imifula, amachibi, amachibi kuyawafanela. Ikhetha amadamu ahlanzekile, ngokuba khona kwe-gammarus emanzini, unganquma izinga le-oxygen echibini.
Ithanda isizini ebandayo, kepha ingaphila emazingeni okushisa aze afike ku- + 25 C⁰. Ekushiseni, kuvame ukutholakala ezansi, ngaphansi kwamatshe apholile, phakathi kwe-algae, i-driftwood, lapho kunokukhanya okuncane. Ithanda ukubhukuda endaweni engasogwini, emanzini angajulile, ithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi.
Ebusika, iphakama isuka ezansi bese inamathela eqhweni, lokhu kwenzeka ngoba i-amphipod ayinayo i-oxygen eyanele ezansi. Ukondla, kuyazika phansi futhi kutholakala phakathi kwamahlathi.
Indlela yokuphila yaseGammarus
I-Gammarus iyasebenza kakhulu, ihamba njalo. Imilenze yokugwedla yenzelwe ukubhukuda, kepha imilenze yokuhamba nayo ixhunyiwe. Emizimbeni yamanzi engajulile, eduze nogu, ama-crustaceans ayabhukuda ezinhlangothini zawo, kodwa ekujuleni okukhulu ayalingana futhi abhukude ngemhlane yawo. Ukunyakaza kubukhali, umzimba ugoba njalo futhi ungagoqeki. Uma kunokusekelwa okuqinile ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho, khona-ke iGammarus ingagxuma iphume emanzini.
Ukufunwa njalo komoya-mpilo omusha kuphoqa iGammarus ukuthi ihambise masinya imilenze yayo yangaphambili ukuze yakhe ukuthutheleka kwamanzi ezinyangeni. Kwabesifazane, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwezibungu, ngale ndlela i-clutch, esesigumbini sezingane, nayo iyagezwa.
Yonke impilo yami i-crustacean gammarus ikhula, iguqula uqweqwe lwe-chitinous olube luncane kokusha. Ebusika, i-molt ivela izikhathi eziyi-1.5-2 ngenyanga, kanti ehlobo, kanye ngesonto.
Abesifazane ngemuva kwe-molt yesikhombisa bathola amapuleti esifubeni, akha igumbi lezingane. Leli gumbi linokuma kwesikebhe, lihlangana nesisu ngengaphezulu, futhi ngaphandle kwegebe eliphakathi kwamapuleti limbozwe ngama-bristles amancane. Ngakho-ke, kunezimbobo eziningi ekamelweni, okubonga lapho amanzi ahlanzekile egelezela njalo kumaqanda.
Gammarus umsoco
Ukudla kwaseGammarus kungukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Lezi ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezithambile zezitshalo, imvamisa zivame ukubola amaqabunga awile, utshani. Okufanayo kusebenza ekudleni kwezilwane - kukhetha izinsalela ezifile.
Lokhu kuletha izinzuzo ezithile echibini - i-gammarus iyalihlanza izinsalela eziyingozi ezinobuthi. Ziphinde zidle ngeplankton. Bangadla izibungu ezincane, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye babahlasela ngomhlambi.
Babuthanela ukondla uma bethola into enkulu abangathola ngayo isidlo sasemini esiphundu. Uma ama-crustaceans ethola inhlanzi efile enetheni lokudoba, azoluma kalula kulokho kubamba, kanye nesisulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-gammarus
Ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kweGammarus kwenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Eningizimu, ama-crustaceans akwazi ukukhulisa imivimbo eminingi, enyakatho, eyodwa kuphela phakathi nehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uthola insikazi, abambelele emhlane wakhe futhi asize lowo okhethiwe ukuqeda "izingubo" ezindala.
Ngokushesha nje lapho abesifazane bechitha, owesilisa ukhipha isidoda, asigcobe ngezidladla zakhe egumbini lezingane. Ngemuva kwalokho wagcwalisa imisebenzi kababa washiya umama wesikhathi esizayo. Insikazi izalela amaqanda egumbini layo. Mikhulu impela futhi amnyama.
Inombolo ifinyelela izingcezu ezingama-30. Uma amanzi efudumele, khona-ke amaqanda athatha amasonto ama-2-3 ukuthi achanyuselwe. Uma ichibi lipholile, khona-ke "ukukhulelwa" kuhlala izinyanga eziyi-1.5. Izibungu ezichanyuselwe aziphumeli ngaphandle, zihlala egumbini lezingane kuze kube yi-molt yokuqala, bese zihamba kuphela.
Nge-molt ngayinye elandelayo, ama-antenna wefry ayandiswa. I-Gammarus ichanyuselwe entwasahlobo iyakwazi ukuthola inzalo yayo ekwindla. Futhi ama-crustaceans aphila isikhathi esingangonyaka.
Intengo ye-gammarus njengokuphakelayo
Imvamisa i-crustacean gammarus isetshenziswe njenge ngonya izinhlanzi zasemanzini. Okufanayo kuyondliwa u-gammarus nezimfudu, iminenke... Kuwukudla okunomsoco kakhulu okunehafu yamaprotheni. Iqukethe i-carotene eningi, enikeza imibala ekhanyayo ezinhlanzini ze-aquarium.
Vele, ungayithenga kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, intengo ye-gammarus kwamukelekile futhi kuya ngomkhiqizi ngonya nevolumu. Ngakho izikhwama zamagremu ayi-15 zibiza cishe ama-ruble angama-25, nalapho uthenga i-gammarus eyomile ngesisindo, ungathola inani kanye nama-ruble angama-400 ngekhilogremu ngalinye.
Ukubamba i-gammarus Akunzima, ngakho-ke uma indawo yakho inamachibi afanele, unganikeza izilwane ezifuywayo zase-aquarium ngokudla ngokwakho. Kwanele ukubeka inqwaba yotshani noma utshani obomile phansi echibini, kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ikhiphe ngendunduma ebambeke lapho, esezodla isidlo sasemini.
Ungakha futhi inetha ngenduku ende, bese uyithola kusuka ezansi kwezixha ze-algae, lapho-ke kufanele ukhethe khona ama-crustaceans. Ungagcina ukubamba emanzini lapho ibanjwe khona, ungayigoqa ngendwangu emanzi bese uyibeka endaweni epholile. Kepha uma kune-mormysh eningi futhi izinhlanzi zingenaso isikhathi sokuyidla, khona-ke kungcono ukuyomisa noma iqhwa i-gammarus ukusetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo.
