Izici nendawo yokuhlala yezimvu zasentabeni
Izinqama zezintaba zibizwa njengeqembu lezilwane ezinenselo - amalungu omndeni wama-bovids, afana, ngandlela thile, izimvu ezifuywayo, izinkabi zemiski kanye nezimbuzi zasezintabeni.
Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa nezinqama zakamuva zezintaba ikakhulukazi ngezimpondo ezihlaba umxhwele, esigabeni esiphambanweni esime ngendlela eyindilinga, kanye nangokwakha okukhulu kakhulu, okuminyene, imilenze emifushane nokungabikho kwentshebe.
Izimvu zasentabeni zasendle, uma kuqhathaniswa nezimvu ezifuywayo, lincane ngokwengeziwe, futhi izimpondo zalo ziphakeme. Ngokufana nalezi zilwane kukhona nezinqama eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezomqondo, okuyizindlela eziphakathi nendawo phakathi kwezinqama ezivamile nezimbuzi zezintaba.
Izinqama zezintaba ziphakathi naphakathi ngobukhulu. Futhi ngosayizi wazo, izinhlobo zazo, ososayensi ababalelwa kweziyisikhombisa, zihlelekile futhi ziyehluka phakathi kwazo.
Ummeleli omncane kakhulu waleli qembu yi-mouflon. Lezi zilwane zingama-75 cm ukuphakama, zifinyelela isisindo esingu-25 kuye ku-46 kg. Umholi phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo yi-argali - ummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke kuleli qembu. Abahlali bezintaba abanjalo kwesinye isikhathi baba nesisindo esifinyelela ku-100, abesilisa baze bafike ku-220 kg, bafike ebangeni elingaphezu kwemitha ukuphakama.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ku- isithombe semvu yasentabeni, ukuziqhenya nokuhlobisa okungenamibandela kwezilwane ezinjalo yizimpondo zazo, ezisontwe ngendlela yoqobo ngokuvunguza, ngokushaywa ngapha nangapha futhi ziqondiswe ezindaweni ezihlukile.
Umnikazi wezimpondo ezinkulu nezisindayo (ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-35 kg) izimpondo ngu Izimvu zase-Altai zezintaba, ungummeli omkhulu kunabo bonke bezilwane ezinjalo (ngokwesilinganiso, abantu ngabanye banesisindo esingaba ngu-180 kg).
Kodwa-ke, uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu, olunabantu abalinganiselwa kubantu abalinganiselwa ku-700 kuphela. Ngenxa yalesi simo, eRussia laba bantu abahlala ezintabeni babhalwe kuRed Book.
Umbala wezilwane, njengomthetho, uvikela, ubomvu obomvu noma obomvu, kodwa ingxenye yemilenze, isifunda sangemuva nesisu, ezimweni eziningi, zipende okumhlophe.
Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile okwanele. Isibonelo, izinqama ezinemilenze emincane zihlukaniswa ngemibala eqinile ekhanyayo ompunga noma emhlophe, futhi ukubukeka komqondo kuhlukaniswa ngemibala ebomvu ephuzi.
Izimvu zezintaba zihlala ngempumelelo cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ezinezintaba zaseNyakatho Nenkabazwe, zimelwe ikakhulukazi e-Asia, kepha zitholakala ezintabeni eziningi zaseYurophu, nasenyakatho ye-Afrika naseMelika, zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu, ngokungafani nezimbuzi zezintaba. Olunye uhlobo lwalezi zilwane: izinqama ezinemilenze ekhuluphele, luyatholakala nasezingwadule ezisezansi kwezintaba.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yezimvu ezisezintabeni
Izinqama zasendle ngokuvamile azizishiyi izindawo zazo zokuhlala, kepha kuya ngesizini zenza ukunyakaza okuncane kwesizini, ehlobo zikhuphukela phezulu eziqongweni zezintaba eziphakeme futhi zigonane emihlambini yamakhanda ayishumi nambili.
Futhi ebusika, zehlela ezansi ezintabeni, zakha amaqoqo amakhulu, afinyelela kumakhanda ayi-1000. Abantu ngabesilisa nabesifazane abanezizukulwane zabo bavame ukuzigcina bodwa futhi bakhe imihlambi ehlukile. Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi abesilisa abakhulu, abanamandla, nabazethembayo baba bodwa ngokuphelele.
Lapho zixhumana, lezi zilwane azibonisi ubudlova komunye nomunye. Ukuxwayisa abazalwa ngengozi, inqama yentaba ehlakaniphile futhi enesibindi iyakwazi ukunikeza amasiginali womsindo. Ukukhala kwezilwane kunzima futhi kuphansi.
Lapho zibhekene nesitha, lezi zidalwa zasezintabeni ziyakwazi ukukhombisa umqondo osebenzayo, zithole indlela yokuphuma futhi zibalekele ingozi ngesikhathi. Zihamba kabi ezindaweni eziphakeme, kepha zingagxuma ngokuphelele kusuka edwaleni kuye edwaleni. Izimvu zasentabeni uyakwazi ukuthatha ukuphakama okudlula ukuphakama kwakhe, futhi ubude bagxuma amamitha ayi-3-5.
Izinyoni ezizingelayo njengezinkozi zegolide nezinkozi, kanye nezilwane ezinkulu ezinjengama-cougars, izingwe zeqhwa nezimpisi, nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba ama-coyotes, ama-cheetah nezingwe, zingaba yingozi kulezi zilwane zasentabeni.
Inqama yentaba akulula kangako ukuyinqoba, izilwane eziningi ezidlayo zizama nje ukuwisa lezi zilwane, ziziphoqe ukuba ziwele kwalasha, bese zifica ezilimele noma ezifile bese ziyazidla.
Kusukela endulo, indoda ezingela izilwane ukuze ithole amafutha nenyama, yenza izindebe ezinhle kakhulu nezikhumbuzo ezivela ezimpondweni nasemakhanda azo amahle, nayo iyingozi ezimvini ezisentabeni kusukela endulo.
Ngenxa yezenzo ezinjalo, kanye nokufuywa kwezinye izinhlobo zezimvu nokusakazeka kokuzaliswa kwezinkomo, inani lezimvu ezisezintabeni imvamisa lathola umonakalo omkhulu.
Inani lezimvu ezisentabeni nempucuko yabantu babhekane nazo kusukela kudala. Lezi zilwane, ezazisakazeke emhlabeni wonke, zazivame ukuba ngamaqhawe ezinkolo zasendulo.
Futhi izimpondo zenqama phakathi kwabantu base-Asiya zazithathwa njengezinto zomlingo. Izilwane ezifuywayo zimpande kahle futhi zizala ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi ziphinde zizalaniswe nezimvu, ngenxa yalokho okuvela kuzo izinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe.
Ukudla
Izinqama zasendle ziyizitshalo ezidliwayo, yingakho zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezinotshani, zezindawo ezisezintabeni lapho zikhona, kepha kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zokudla, izilwane zithanda okusanhlamvu.
Kodwa-ke, azithobeki kakhulu, ngakho-ke zinganeliswa yizinhlobo zokudla okupholile. Izimvu zezintaba ziyajabula ukudla amagatsha ezihlahla, isibonelo, i-oki noma i-maple, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla. Lapho bethola amadiphozi kasawoti, bakhotha usawoti kuwo, benelisa isidingo somzimba samaminerali.
Lezi zilwane nazo zidinga imithombo yamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile, kepha izinqama ezihlala ogwadule zivame ukuswela kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Umzimba wezilwane ulungiselela ubusika, uqoqa amafutha.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Inqama yentaba yeduna ingahlukaniswa kalula kowesifazane ngokubukeka kwayo. Ubukhulu bomzimba wabo bube yingxenye eyodwa nohhafu, kwesinye isikhathi buphindwe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpondo zabesifazane zivame ukugoba kancane futhi zibe mfushane ngosayizi. Ubude babo abudluli ku-35 cm, kuyilapho abesilisa izimvu zasentabeni, izimpondo kungaba yimitha.
Esithombeni, inqama encane yasentabeni
Isikhathi sokukhwelana kwezilwane siqala ngasekupheleni kokwindla, imvamisa ngoNovemba. Lesi sikhathi sibonakala ngezimpi ezingokwesiko zabesilisa abancintisana nabesifazane. Kulokhu, abantu ababili abaphikisanayo, bemi bodwa, bahlakazeka futhi bashayisana ngamakhanda abo.
Amathambo abo angaphambili anamandla ayakwazi ukumelana namandla okushaya okukhulu kangaka. Futhi lapho zinakekela abakhethiweyo bazo, izinqama zivusa imizwa yazo, zikhipha izilimi zazo futhi zenze ukunyakaza okwehlukile nazo.
Ngemuva kokukhwelana, abesifazane baphatha amawundlu abo, okuvamisile ukuba babe eyodwa noma ezimbili, ngokwesilinganiso cishe izinsuku eziyi-160. Ngokuvamile amawundlu azalwa entwasahlobo, futhi ngesikhathi sokubeletha, omama bayashiya imihlambi yabo, babuye kuphela emva kwesonto namazinyane abo.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokondla ubisi, ngokuwa, amawundlu amancane asevele ekwazi ukwanelisa izidingo zawo zokudla namanzi ahlanzekile.
Amawundlu ayasebenza futhi ahambahamba, agxuma futhi adlale kahle, kepha asengozini futhi adinga ukunakwa nokuvikelwa njalo. Isikhathi sokuphila sezimvu ezisezintabeni sincike ohlotsheni lwezilwane nezimo ezikhona, isilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10-12.
