Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ijuba lezinkuni
UVyakhir - lena ijuba lehlathi lasendle, ngenye indlela, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-vituten. Lona ungummeleli womndeni wamajuba, omkhulu ngokwedlulele kunabalingani bawo. Ubude bomzimba benyoni bungamasentimitha angama-40, kepha kokunye kusondela engxenyeni yemitha.
Amaphiko ezinyoni afinyelela kuma-75 cm nangaphezulu; isisindo sisuka ku-450 g, futhi kwesinye isikhathi sibe ngaphansi kuka-1 kg. Izinyoni ezinjalo ziyizihlobo eziseduze zawo wonke amajuba asezindlini nasemakhaya kanye namahobhe - nazo ezimele kakhulu lo mndeni, kodwa zincane kakhulu ngosayizi.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ku- isithombe ukhuni ijuba, imibala yezinyoni iyathakazelisa kakhulu: isizinda esiyinhloko siyimpunga noma i-dove-grey smoky; isifuba sibomvu noma sibomvana, intamo iluhlaza okotshani nge-metallic sheen, i-goiter yi-turquoise noma i-lilac.
Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho izinyoni zindiza ukuphakama, imivimbo emhlophe ibonakala ngokusobala kuphiko ngalunye nasemsileni, enamabala nawo asentanyeni, kanye nasemaceleni ngendlela yocezwana.
Amaphiko ephuphu lejuba cishe angama-75 cm.
Uqhwaku lwenyoni luphuzi noma lubomvana, amehlo aphuzi ngokukhanyayo, imilenze ibomvu. Kulula ukuhlukanisa ijuba lejuba kuzalo zalo, ngaphandle kwesiqu salo esikhulu, ngobufushane baso uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu baso, izimpiko nomsila omude.
Izinyoni ezinjalo zihlala emahlathini amakhulu aseScandinavia futhi zitholakala kuze kube seHimalaya. Ensimini ye-USSR yangaphambili, zivamile emazweni aseBaltic nase-Ukraine. ERussia, amajuba amahlathi asendle avame ukutholakala ezindaweni zeLeningrad, Gorky naseNovgorod.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ijuba lezinkuni lingaba yizakhamuzi nezinyoni ezifudukayo. Izinyoni ezihlala ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho zivame ukufudukela ezindaweni ezifudumele ebusika. Kodwa isimo sezulu saseCrimea neCaucasus sesivele silungele izinyoni zasebusika, lapho zifika khona unyaka wonke.
Eduze nenyakatho, izinyoni zivame ukuhlala emahlathini e-coniferous, kepha ngaseningizimu zitholakala emahlathini axubekile, futhi zihlala ezihlahleni ze-oki, lapho zinokudla okwanele khona. Kwesinye isikhathi zisakazeka endaweni esemahlathini.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yejuba lezinkuni
Ngaphandle kwezikhathi zokukhulisa amachwane, ihlathi ijuba lasendle izinkuni ijuba imvamisa ikhetha ukuhlala neminye imihlambi, inani labantu lapho izinombolo zifinyelela kuzinyoni eziningana. Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwezingulube zokhuni kwakhiwa ngesikhathi sezindiza zasekwindla.
Yize izinyoni zakha induduzo emahlathini acinene naxubile (kaningi emaphethelweni awo), izingulube zikhetha ukuchitha sonke isikhathi emasimini, lapho zivame ukuba nokudla okuningi.
UVyakhiri uthanda ukubuthana emihlambini
Ziyizinyoni eziqaphe kakhulu, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye zihamba futhi zinomdlandla. Bekhipha izwi, bona, njengawo wonke amajuba, bathi: "Kru-kuuuu-ku-ku-kuku." Futhi iphakama phansi, ijuba lishaya amaphiko alo kakhulu, likhipha umlozi ocijile nawo.
Lalela izwi lejuba
Ukuzingela amajuba ingeyemicimbi eminingi yezemidlalo futhi ingumsebenzi othokozisayo futhi othokozisayo. Kuyiqiniso, ukuqaphela okungokwemvelo kwalezi zinyoni kudala ubunzima obuningi kubathandi bokuzijabulisa okunjalo, kepha isifiso sokuqamba izinyoni nokuheha izinyoni senezela isasasa nenjabulo ebumnandi. Futhi kusukela kumzingeli kudingeka inani elifanele lokuzola, ukuqapha, ukubekezela nokubekezela.
Entwasahlobo, ezindaweni ezivumelekile, izifundiswa ezizogijimisa inyamazane enezimpaphe zizingela amajuba asendle ngokuzikhohlisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazingeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho balingisa amazwi ezinyoni, ngaleyo ndlela bayenge.
Ehlobo bavame ukuzingela ijuba lezinkuni kusuka izilwane ezifakiwe... Le ngenye indlela ejwayelekile yokuheha inyamazane enjalo. Inyoni yokufakelwa eyenziwe ngomfanekiso wejuba lasendle ijuba lezinkuni, thenga kalula, futhi amathoyizi anjalo athengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Futhi ozakwabo abaphilayo, abajwayele ukuhlala emihlambini, bebona "izihlobo" zabo, bandizela phezulu bayohlala phansi ngenjabulo, nokuyinto esetshenziswa abalandeli abanobuqili bokuzingela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezigcwele kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuthi ihehe isibalo esikhulu samajuba asendle ngobuqili obunjalo. Ukuzingela izingulube zezinkuni nge-pneumatics akuvunyelwe ezweni lethu, yize abephula umthetho bavame ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwesikhali.
Njengomphumela wokuzingela okusebenzayo kwezinyoni, izinhlobo eziningi zamajuba asendle, ngokwesibonelo, iColumba palumbus azorica, zisengozini enkulu futhi zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ngakho-ke zibhalwe kuRed Book.
Esinye isizungu sejuba lezinkuni, elake lahlala eziqhingini zaseMadeira, ngeshwa, labhujiswa ngokuphelele ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Inani lejuba lezinkuni i-Azores, yize kubhekwa ngongoti ukuthi lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile, kepha, ngaphambili elalihlala kuzo zonke iziqhingi ezinkulu zalesi siqhingi, manje seligcinwe kuphela eziqhingini zasePico naseSan Miguel.
Inani lezingulube zokhuni alilikhulu namuhla. Futhi inani labantu bamajuba asendle liyancipha kakhulu hhayi ngenxa yokudutshulwa kwabo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokugawulwa kwamahlathi okungenasihawu kwamahlathi ababehlala kuwo phambilini.
Ukudla kwamajuba
UVyakhiri, ohlala eduze kwamahlathi ephayini kanye nezihlahla ze-oki, uzondla ngezigaxa, imbewu ye-spruce nama-acorn. Izinyoni zizithola emagatsheni ezihlahla bese ziqoqa phansi. Imihlambi yonke yezingulube zokhuni iyahamba izodla ezindaweni ezicebile ngokudla okulungele bona, futhi, njengomthetho, izinyoni, zikhethe indawo eyodwa efanelekile, zikhetha ukubuyela lapho futhi.
Okokudla ijuba lezinkuni ijuba isebenzisa imifino, izithelo ezahlukahlukene, amantongomane, amakhambi, kanye nembewu yezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, okusanhlamvu kwazo okusetshenziswa kalula kakhulu; ngaphezu kwalokho, udla amajikijolo: ama-lingonberries, ama-blueberries, ama-blueberries. I-goiter yalezi zinyoni inamandla amakhulu kakhulu futhi iphethe isitsha sonke sezinhlamvu kuze kufike ezingxenyeni eziyisikhombisa zama-acorn.
Amantongomane e-Vyakhiri beech akhiwa ngqo ezihlahleni. Izitshalo ezinkulu ngokuvamile azithintwa, kepha ezincane ziyakwazi ukusikha ngokoqobo empandeni. Kusuka ekudleni kwezilwane, okungajwayelekile ekudleni kwezinyoni, basebenzisa izikelemu zomhlaba nezibungu.
Ubuthakathaka bezingulube zokhuni uhlamvu lwesinkwa, kwesinye isikhathi oludala inhlupho enkulu esintwini. Futhi ngemuva kokuvuna emasimini, izinyoni eziningi zithutheleka ezindaweni lapho kutshalwa khona ukolweni nokunye okusanhlamvu ukuze zizuze kulokho okukhona, zindiza zizungeze izithungu futhi ziqoqe ubumnandi bazo obuthandayo kuzo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sejuba lezinkuni
Inyoni yejuba izala izidleke zamachwane azo imvamisa enkabeni yeYurophu, kanye nasentshonalanga yeSiberia, lapho isikhathi sokuhlala khona siqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba. Izinyoni zibuya ngemuva kwezindiza zasebusika ezindaweni ezijwayelekile entwasahlobo, futhi emihlanjini yazo, kanye namabhangqa asevele akhiwe, inani elikhulu lezinyoni ezincane lifika.
Esithombeni, izingulube zezinkuni
Madoda angashadile, ahlezi eziqongweni zezihlahla, akhala kakhulu, aheha izintombi zawo, futhi asebenza kakhulu ngezikhathi zasekuseni. Ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, amajuba, esezikhethele wona, ngokuvamile ekugcineni ahlukana ngazimbili, ngenkuthalo eqala ukwakha izidleke.
UVyakhiri uphinde akhulise amachwane awo enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, lapho azalela khona unyaka wonke, imvamisa ngaphandle kokushiya amakhaya abo. Amajuba ezinkuni akha izidleke ngokushesha futhi akwazi ukuqeda umsebenzi wawo ngezinsuku ezimbalwa nje. Isisekelo sokuhlala kwamaphuphu esikhathi esizayo amagatsha awugqinsi, ahlanganiswe namanye aguquguqukayo futhi acekeke kakhudlwana.
Esithombeni, isidleke sejuba lezinkuni
Futhi ekugcineni kokwakhiwa, okuxekethile, okuguqukayo okuvela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, kutholakala izidleke ezinamathantala asezingeni eliphansi ezigxilwe ezihlahleni, imvamisa ekuphakameni okungekho ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezindala zezinye izinyoni: ocelemba abancane, onogwaja namagwababa.
Ngemuva kokushutheka, imidlalo yokukhwelana iyaqala ekukhaleni kwabesilisa nasezindizeni zabo ngemibuthano nokuhlala ngezikhathi ezizungeze insikazi. Futhi ngemuva kokuba kwenziwe amasiko adingekayo, ekugcineni amaqanda abekwa. Njengoba izinyoni ziqikelela, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, zivame ukucasha emaqabungeni ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ezilwaneni ezinkulu nakubantu.
Futhi bathula masinyane lapho kuvela okuthile okusolisayo, becasha ngemuva kwamagatsha ezihlahla ze-coniferous, lapho, njengomthetho, bahlomisa izidleke, lapho kuhlala khona amaphuphu amabili.
Esithombeni, amaphuphu e-Vyakhir
Umama uVyakhir ufukamela amaqanda akhe izinsuku eziyi-15-18. Ubaba uyamsiza kukho konke, ngakho-ke bobabili abazali babambe iqhaza ekukhuliseni amaphuphu. Okulandelayo kuza isikhathi sokondla amaphuphu, esihlala cishe amasonto amane. UVyakhiri uqala ngokondla amawundlu akhe ngokukhipha ushizi we-cottage cheese, kodwa kancane kancane izingane ziya kwezinye izinhlobo zokudla.
Amachwane achitha izinsuku ezingeqi kwezingama-40 esidlekeni. Bafunda ukundiza ngaphandle kokushiya abazali babo okokuqala, kepha kungekudala baqala ukuhlala ngokuzimela. UVyakhiri uphila iminyaka engaba ngu-16.
