Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-baribal
Uma ubuza abahlali base-US ukuthi ngubani barali, noma iyiphi ingane izophendula ngokushesha ukuthi ibhere. Kungani izakhamizi zase-US? Ngoba u-baribal "ungowaseMelika" wangempela.
Uzinze kahle emathafeni, emaxhaphozini nasehlathini lasezintabeni zamazwe angama-39 ase-US, uzizwa kamnandi eCanada naseMexico, uhlala ogwini lwe-Atlantic kuya ePacific.
KwabaseRussia, ibhere elinsundu laziwa kakhulu, futhi livela kuye barali inengubo ebushelelezi, emnyama, futhi nosayizi womnikazi wamahlathi aseMelika azoba mancane.
Elikhulu kunawo wonke thwala u-baribal ifinyelela ubude bamamitha ama-2, kanti isisindo sommeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke sebhere ngu-363 kg (uma uqhathanisa, isisindo sebhere elinsundu ngobukhulu sidlula i-1000 kg).
U-Baribal unomusa ngokwengeziwe, unesibopho esikhombe, izitho ezinde nomsila omfushane. Kodwa-ke, uma leli bhere lilahlekelwa ngosayizi, ngokuya "ngobuhle" ngumholi ongangabazeki. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga isithombe sika-baribal.
Ijazi elimnyama elicwebezelayo nebala elikhanyayo ebusweni (futhi kwesinye isikhathi esifubeni) ngokungangabazeki likhaphela "umnumzane". Kuneminye imibala yejazi, isibonelo, eminye imibala onsundu, kuya ngokuthi ibhere lihlala kuphi.
Kwenzeka ukuthi kuzalwe amabhere aphuzi amhlophe, kepha lokhu kusogwini lwaseBritish Columbia kuphela. Kukhona nombala woboya "obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka". "Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kuphela okungekho ekuqondeni kwethu okujwayelekile ngombala wejazi (umthunzi ompunga), kepha okwesibhakabhaka kumnyama.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amabhere awutholi umbala wangempela zisuka nje, abantu abasha badaywe baba mpunga ngokukhanya okukhanyayo, futhi kuphela eminyakeni emibili yobudala uboya buba mnyama ngokucebile.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Uma siqhubeka nokuqhathanisa ibhere elinsundu ne-baribal, khona-ke elokugcina liphumelela kakhulu kumusa omuhle. Akanalo ulaka olunjalo, akanabungozi kakhulu kunomlingani wakhe onsundu. Uyakugwema ngenkuthalo ukuhlangana nomuntu. Akahlaseli bantu noma elimele, uncamela ukugijima ayocasha.
Kepha lokhu akusho nakancane lokho ibhere elimnyama ubugwala noma ubuganga bokulwa. Ukubukeka okukhohlisayo, okungaqondakali kufihla isilwane esinexhala, esiqinile, esiqinile futhi esisebenzayo.
UBarabal uyakwazi ukubhukuda ngokumangalisayo, uyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha, futhi uzipho lwakhe olude nolunamandla lumsebenzela kahle lapho ekhuphuka ezihlahleni.
Kepha ngisho nesilo esinamandla nesikhaliphile kangako sinezitha zemvelo. Kuma-grizzlies, amakhulu kakhulu kunebhere elinsundu, futhi akhula afike kumamitha amathathu emilenzeni yawo yangemuva, ama-barbeal amancane angaba yisisulu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho kunama-grizzlies amaningi kakhulu, ama-barbali ayivelakancane. Kepha lapho ama-grizzlies engazange akhethe indawo, amabhere amnyama bandise inani labo.
Amawundlu amancane, angakakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha njengabantu abadala, aba yisisulu sezimpisi namakhowe. La mabhele akhetha impilo esebenzayo ngesikhathi sokuhlwa. Kodwa-ke, bangashintsha kalula inqubo yabo uma kunokudla eduze.
AmaBarali ayakwazi ukuzimela, ngakho-ke akhetha ukuphila impilo eyedwa. Okuhlukile, yiqiniso, amabhere abesifazane akhulisa amawundlu awo.
Ukuze zikwazi ukusesha ngokuthula izisulu ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwezingane, abesifazane bayabumbana bazakhele inkulisa yamabhere, lapho benikana khona ukubheka amawundlu.
Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi amabhele amaningana athola ukudla okuningi (lapho kudotshwa), lapho-ke abebhali bengazihleleli izimpi nokubulawa kwabantu, kepha benza ngokulandela isigaba sabaphathi. Ngokuyinhloko, abesilisa bachitha "izinsuku zamasonto" behlola impahla yabo. Abezizwe endaweni yabo uqobo abamukelekile. Uma umuntu wakini wesizwe ebuthakathaka, umniniso umane amxoshe.
Ukuze athole ukwesaba, u-baribal ume ngokusobala emilenzeni yakhe yangemuva. Kepha uma umphikisi efanelekile, khona-ke kufanele ulwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mpi ilwelwa ngezidladla nangamazinyo.
Kwenzeka ukuthi isitha siphakeme ngamandla, lapho-ke kufanele ubaleke. Isikhathi esisele sisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukudla. Amabhere adinga ukudla okuningi ukugcina amafutha nama-hibernate.
Ibhere lilungiselela kahle ukulala kwalo isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kokuthi udlela ikusasa, uzakhela umhhume. Ngalokhu, noma iyiphi indawo ejulile phakathi kwamatshe ilungile, imihume iphelele, kuhle kakhulu ukuhlala phansi ekucindezelekeni phakathi kwezingqinamba nezimpande zezihlahla.
Umgodi uhlanganiswe ngokucophelela ngamahlamvu omile noma amakhambi omisiwe. Uma indawo enjalo eyimfihlo ingatholakali, khona-ke u-baribal angamba umgodi emhlabathini, alale phansi lapho eqhweni, futhi iqhwa liyomboza ngaye ngaphezulu.
Ibhere le-baribal libhukuda kahle
Ukudla
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukudla kwesilwane esikhulu kangaka cishe kungu-80% wezimila. Entwasahlobo, lapho nje kuvela utshani obuncane, u-baribal uwudla ngenjabulo ngobuningi.
Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuvuka kwezinambuzane, imenyu yebhere igcwaliswa ngezibungu, amacimbi, izinambuzane nazo zonke izinhlobo zezikelemu. Izinyosi zasendle, noma kunalokho izibungu zazo kanye nezibungu zazo, zibhekwa njengesibiliboco esikhethekile. Vele, uju uqobo luthathwe kubanikazi.
Njengawo wonke amabhere, o-barbals bayaziwa "ngabadobi". I-Salmon efuna ukuzala ayinakukwazi ukunqoba wonke amaqembu alolu hlobo "labadobi" be-bear. Ama-Baribal angadla izinhlanzi inyanga yonke kuze kuphele ukuzala. Ekwindla kudliwa zonke izinhlobo zamajikijolo, amantongomane namakhowe. Amabhere nawo ayakwazi ukuvuna izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinamanzi ezinomsoco.
Njengoba indlala ingeyena umfundisi wokuziphatha ongcono kakhulu, amabhere angadonsa kalula iwundlu, imvu, imbuzi noma inkukhu epulazini. Futhi lapho ilambe ngokuphelele, khona-ke isidumbu sizoya ukugcwalisa isisu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Okuwukuphela kwesikhathi lapho ubudlova nokuphanga kuvuka ebhereni elinemvelo enhle yisikhathi sokukhwelana, esiwela ngoJuni-Julayi. Insikazi, elungele ukukhulelwa, yamukela ukuqomisana komnumzane, futhi isikhathi esithile lo mbhangqwana ubumbene.
Yiqiniso, ukuhlala ndawonye akuhlali isikhathi eside. Lapho nje ukukhwelana kwenzeka, ibhere nebhere kuqhubeka nomsebenzi wabo - owesilisa uyaqhubeka nokujikeleza kwakhe, kuthi owesifazane aqale ukulungiselela ukuzalwa kwenzalo.
Ukuze enze lokhu, uzihlelela umhume. Umhume ulungiswa ngokucophelela ikakhulukazi, ngoba ibhere kuzodingeka lichithe ubusika lapho namathole. Izinsuku eziyi-180-220 ngemuva kokukhwelana (ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari), abaqashi abasha bavela emgodini - amabili noma amathathu amancane, amawundlu amabhere angaboni.
Isisindo somntwana onjalo asidluli amagremu angama-300, kepha ubisi lwebhere lunomsoco kangangokuthi kakade ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amawundlu asekhulile ngesibindi ashiya umgodi kanye nonina.
Esithombeni, amawundlu ka-baribal aneibhere
Amabhere angomama abakhathalelayo futhi abaqinile. Ezinganeni zabo, ababheki nje kuphela ngokuqapha, kepha futhi babafundisa bonke ubuhlakani bempilo. Kepha izingane ziyizingane - zihlala zithola isikhathi sokulwa nokulwa.
Ngendlela, umama wabo akabakhawuleli kulokhu, ngoba umzabalazo onjalo awuyena amathoyizi angenalutho, izingane zifunda ukuqina nokuqina. Sonke lesi sikhathi, umama wondla abasha ngobisi. Ngisho nangemva kokuba amabhere amancane esekhule ngokwanele ukuba abe nonyaka owodwa ubudala, anganga izingono zikanina kalula.
Kakade sebeneminyaka emibili ubudala, ongqali abasha bazimela ngokuphelele, bangazizingela bazakhele umhhume wabo. Kepha manje bazovuthwa ngokocansi kuphela ngeminyaka engu-3-4. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukukhula kwabesilisa kuhlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-12, okungukuthi, cishe impilo yonke, ngoba endle lezi zilwane zihlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuphela. Kepha ekuthunjweni, bangaphila kuze kufike ku-30.
