Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Kukhona izinambuzane emhlabeni wonke umuntu azi ngazo. Futhi lokhu kufaka ama-parasites amancane - omiyane abacasulayo abandiza yonke indawo ehlobo: emvelweni nasemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi anqwabelana eduze nemizimba yamanzi, abonwa yiwo wonke umuntu ngokubhonga kwabo okuyisidina nokucasulayo.
Umiyane wezinambuzane kungokwalolu hlobo lwama-arthropods, umndeni wezinambuzane zeDiptera. Ubude bomzimba wayo omncane busuka ku-8 kuye ku-130 mm. Umbala ungaba mpunga, onsundu nephuzi. Kunezinhlobo eziluhlaza nezimnyama. Njengoba kubonakala umiyane esithombeni, isisu saso side, isifuba sibanzi kakhulu, kukhona izinzipho ezimbili ekugcineni kwemilenze. Inamabhangqa amabili anamaphiko akhuphukile, abonakalayo.
Kodwa umiyane usebenzisa amaphiko angaphambili kuphela ukuze abaleke, kanti amaphiko angemuva ama-halteres, asiza ukugcina ukulinganisela emoyeni nokwakha isici somsindo salesi sinambuzane. Umiyane unezimpondo ezinde kanye ne-proboscis, izitho zomlomo ezikhethekile: izindebe ezibukeka njengekesi namazinyo enaliti amancane, kanye namaphara amabili emihlathi, angathuthukile kwabesilisa.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zomiyane. Zisatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke futhi zihlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi, zingena futhi zimpande ngisho nasezindaweni ezingasetshenziswa kangako, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Umiyane ovamile udume ngokukhethekile, ongabonakala kuzo zonke izindawo lapho kukhona abantu.
Omiyane bayakwazi ukusinda ngisho nase-Arctic, kepha basebenza lapho amasonto ambalwa kuphela ngonyaka, futhi ngalesi sikhathi bazala futhi bande babe izinombolo ezingakholeki. ESpain nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane, lezi zinambuzane zibizwa ngokuthi "umiyane". Kuhunyushwe, leli gama lisho: impukane encane. Kulezi zingxenye, izinambuzane ziyabacasula abantu futhi ziyabacasula abantu ukuba kungabekezeleleki.
Imvamisa ukungathandwa komuntu kubangelwa izinambuzane, efana nomiyane... Lezi zidalwa zibukeka zesabeka impela kwesinye isikhathi, zinomzimba omude, okuthi kwezinye izimo ungafinyelela amasentimitha ayisithupha, isifuba esesabekayo nemilenze emikhulu.
Ukwesaba kubuye kwandiswe iqiniso lokuthi abantu abaningi babenza amaphutha ngomiyane kamalaleveva. Kepha kungahle kube umiyane onemilenze emide. Lesi sinambuzane asinabungozi ngokuphelele, asinasithakazelo egazini lomuntu, kodwa sidla umpe.
Esithombeni, umiyane we-centipede
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Umiyane uhlukaniswa nokukhuthazela kwawo okukhulu nokuhamba kwawo phezulu, ukwazi ukundiza ibanga lekhilomitha elilodwa ngaphandle kokwehla. Kepha lokhu akuvamile ukuthi kudingeke, kuphela kulezo zimo lapho isinambuzane kufanele sithuthele kwenye indawo yokuhlala noma sinqobe ubude besiziba.
Lokhu kudingekile ikakhulukazi komiyane besifazane abafuna izindlela zokuphuza igazi ukuze bashiye inzalo. Abesilisa bangaphila impilo yabo yonke otshanini obunothe ngotshani nezimbali, abadingi igama lokundizela kwenye indawo.
Abantu abazalwa ekupheleni kwehlobo, uma benenhlanhla ngokwanele yokuphila, baya ebuthongweni bokulala, ngenkathi besesimweni sokuba ndikindiki. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhethwe izakhiwo ezifanelekile: amagumbi okugcina, amagumbi angaphansi, izibaya zezinkomo. Bavuka lapho bezizwa befudumele.
Noma uletha umiyane egumbini lapho kufudumeza khona, noma ngabe kuyisikhathi seqhwa, kungaphila futhi kuqale impilo yayo. Kepha emazweni anesimo sezulu esishisayo, esinomswakama futhi esifudumele, omiyane bayasebenza unyaka wonke.
Kwezinye izimo Ukulunywa omiyane kungabeka impilo engcupheni, ngoba imvamisa kuyizifo ezithwala izifo ezahlukahlukene, njenge-malaria ne-yellow fever. Futhi uma umuthi wokugoma ungelashwa ngesikhathi, lesi sifo singabulala.
Kodwa-ke, esikhathini sethu, amacala kamalaleveva ajwayelekile kakhulu. Omiyane bangalimaza noma yiliphi iholide langaphandle ehlobo. Kunzima ukuchaza ukuthi lezi zinambuzane ezicasulayo zikugcina kanjani uphapheme ebusuku. Ukulawulwa komiyane kwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene.
Isifutho semiyane singakusiza ungaphandle
Ngeshwa, akubona bonke abafinyelela umphumela oyifunayo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona futhi okusebenzayo oxosha omiyane... Lokhu kungaba ama-aerosol, amapuleti, izifutho, ama-lotion, imiklamo namasongo. Amadivayisi akhethekile nawo asetshenziselwe ukwethusa ama-parasites. Zikhipha imisindo ecashile elingisa ukukhala kwabesilisa ngesikhathi sengozi, okwenza abesifazane baphume ngokushesha. It is a electronic omiyane repeller.
Ukulunywa ngama-parasite kuvame ukudala ukucasuka emzimbeni womuntu, okuyiqiniso, okuyisenzo sokungezwani nobuthi obungena ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kulezi zinsuku, osokhemisi sebenze amakhambi amahle kakhulu omiyane nokulunywa yizinambuzane. Amafutha asiza ukulwa nezimpawu ezivame ukuvela ngisho nasesimweni sokulunywa, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
Ukudla
Omiyane – izinambuzane ezimunca igazi... Kepha omiyane kuphela abaphuza igazi lezilwane nelabantu. Futhi yibo abahlasela futhi bacasule abantu abanegazi elifudumele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa bayizidalwa ezingenabungozi, futhi umsebenzi wabo obalulekile cishe awubonakali kubantu.
Futhi badla umpe, bawumunca nge-proboscis yabo, okuthi, ngokungafani ne-proboscis yabesifazane, ayinazo izinto zokubhoboza ezikwazi ukubhoboza inyama. Bahlala kude nabantu futhi abanandaba neze nemizimba yabo. Wonke umuntu uyakwazi lokho umiyane – isinambuzane esiyingozi... Futhi hhayi kuphela ngoba kusabalalisa ukutheleleka.
Imihlambi yomiyane iyakwazi ukuncela kuze kufike kwengxenye yesithathu yelitha yegazi ngosuku emzimbeni wezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele. Isisulu esiyinhloko somiyane ngabantu. Kodwa izinambuzane ngokwazo nezibungu zazo zingumuthi omnandi ezidalweni eziningi eziphilayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ojekamanzi, amaselesele namasele, ezinye izinhlobo zamabhungane, izicabucabu, onogwaja nezibankwa, kanye nama-salamanders kanye nezinsizwa.
Izibungu zalezi zinambuzane zondla izinhlanzi nezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni zasemanzini, ngaleyo ndlela zibe nomthelela ukubhujiswa kwezinambuzane. Komarov, ngenxa yezizathu ezinjalo zemvelo, empeleni iba ncanyana kakhulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukuhaha komiyane besifazane begazi elifudumele kuchazwa ngumuzwa wemvelo, obangelwa isidingo sokubeka amaqanda. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho umiyane ukwazile ukuphuza igazi, wenza umsebenzi wakhe oyalelwe yimvelo.
Futhi uyisondeza emanzini: eduze kwamachibi, imifula ethulile, imigqomo neziqukathi ezahlukahlukene ezinamanzi emvula namanzi enzelwe izidingo zasekhaya. Ukubeka amaqanda, isibalo sawo esifinyelela ku-150, udinga umswakama. Umama omiyane wenza le nqubo cishe kanye ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3, ngaleyo ndlela azinikeze inani elikhulu lenzalo.
Esithombeni, izibungu zomiyane
Amaqanda ezinhlobo zomiyane emazweni anezimo zezulu ezibandayo amelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphansi kunezinhlobo ezimweni ezikahle kakhulu. Izibungu zikhula ngokushesha emanzini azolile, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zishiyile, sezivele ziyakwazi ukuzala kabusha.
Kukholakala kabanzi ukuthi umiyane uphila usuku olulodwa kuphela. Kepha lokhu akunjalo neze. Vele, ukuba seduze komuntu, izinambuzane ezicasulayo azikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokwesilinganiso, umiyane osekhulile uphila cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu kuphela. Kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, omiyane bahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Isikhathi sabo sokuphila singathonywa hhayi kuphela umthelela wabantu, kepha futhi nangezimo zezulu, kanye nomsebenzi obalulekile wezinye izinambuzane nezinambuzane. Abesilisa bangakubona lokhu kukhanya okumhlophe kuze kube amasonto ama-3-4. Abesifazane bakhona isikhathi eside kakhulu, yize kunjalo ezimweni ezingavamile, kepha isikhathi sabo sokuphila singafinyelela ezinyangeni ezimbili.
