Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo icicada cabanga izinambuzane,ehlanganisa ukungafi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yesikhathi eside sokuphila nokubukeka okungajwayelekile kwesinambuzane.
AmaGreki asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi ama-cicadas awanalo igazi, futhi amazolo kwakuwukuphela kokudla kwawo. Kwakunalezi zinambuzane ezazibekwa emlonyeni wabafileyo, ngaleyo ndlela ziqinisekise ukungafi kwazo. ICicada iwuphawu lukaTyphon, owathola impilo engunaphakade, kepha hhayi intsha. Ukuguga nobuthakathaka kwamguqula waba yicicada.
Futhi ngokwenganekwane kaTitan, owayethandwa unkulunkulukazi wokuntwela kokusa u-Eos, naye waphenduka waba yicicada ukuze aqede ukufa.
Futhi, icicada ifanekisela ukushintsha kokukhanya nobumnyama. AmaGreki asendulo ahlabela icicada ku-Apollo, unkulunkulu welanga.
AmaShayina anophawu lwe-cicada lovuko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlobanisa nentsha yaphakade, ukungafi, ukuhlanzwa ebubini. Icicada eyomisiwe igqokwa njengentelezi emelana nokufa. AmaJapan ezwa amazwi ezwe lawo lapho kuculwa isinambuzane, ukuthula nobunye nemvelo.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ama-cicadas
I-cicada yisinambuzane esikhulu esitholakala emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele lapho kunezindawo zamahlathi. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yizifunda ezibandayo nezingaphansi komhlaba. Umehluko ezinhlotsheni ze-suborder cicada wehluka kuphela ngosayizi nombala. Umndeni odume kakhulu ukucula noma ama-cicadas eqiniso.
Esithombeni kukhona icicada eculayo
Inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane nesigamu. Ezinye zazo ziphawuleka ngokukhethekile:
- enkulu kunazo zonke i-cicada yasebukhosini enebude obufinyelela ku-7 cm namaphiko afinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-18. Indawo ehlala kuyo iziqhingi zeziqhingi zase-Indonesia;
- i-oak cicada ifinyelela ku-4,5 cm. Itholakala e-Ukraine, naseningizimu yeRussia;
- I-cicada ejwayelekile ingatholakala ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama. Ubukhulu bayo bungaba ngu-5 cm, okwenza umonakalo omkhulu ezivinini;
- i-cicada yasezintabeni inezilinganiso ezincane kunazo zonke ezingamasentimitha ama-2 kuphela.
- i-cicada yesikhathi esithile ihlala eNyakatho Melika. Kuyathakazelisa ngomjikelezo wayo wokuthuthuka, okuyiminyaka eyi-17. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, inani elikhulu lezinambuzane liyazalwa;
- mayelana insect cicada white, ama-citrus leafhoppers noma i-metalcafe eRussia yaziwa kusukela ngo-2009 kuphela. Ingeniswe ivela eNyakatho Melika, ivumelane kahle futhi njengamanje ibeka engcupheni izivande nezingadi zemifino. Lesi sinambuzane, esifana nenundu elincane, sinobukhulu obungu-7-9 mm nobumpunga ngokumhlophe ngombala.
Kubukeka njengesinambuzane se-cicada kukhulu kangakanani ukundiza, abanye bayiqhathanisa nenundu. Ekhanda elifushane kuphume ngokuqinile amehlo ahlanganisiwe.
I-oak cicada
Esifundeni somqhele kunamehlo amathathu alula, amise okonxantathu. Izimpondo ezincane zinezingxenye eziyisikhombisa. I-proboscis enezingxenye ezi-3 imele umlomo. Amaphiko angaphambili ezinambuzane made kakhulu kunalawo angemuva. Izinhlobo eziningi zinamaphiko asobala, ezinye zikhanya noma zimnyama.
Imilenze ye-cicada imifushane futhi ijiyile ngezansi futhi inezinsipho. Ekupheleni kwesisu kune-ovipositor engenalutho (kwabesifazane) noma isitho sokulingisa (kwabesilisa).
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yecicada
Kushicilelwe imisindo ye-cicada kungazwakala ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-900 ukusuka ekutholeni lesi sinambuzane. Ezinye izinambuzane zenza imisindo, umthamo wayo ofinyelela ku-120 dB. Ngokungafani nezintethe nezikhilikithi, azihlikihli izidladla komunye nomunye, zinesitho esikhethekile salokhu.
Imisindo ikhishwa ngolwelwesi (amasimbali) amabili. Imisipha ekhethekile ikuvumela ukuba usonge futhi uziphumulele. Ukudlidliza okwenzeka kule nqubo kubangela "ukucula", okukhuliswa yigumbi elikhethekile elingavula futhi livale ngesikhathi nokudlidliza.
Imvamisa izinambuzane ze-cicada shicilela imisindo hhayi ngamaculo, kodwa ngamaqembu, okuvimba izilwane ezidla ezinye ukuthola abantu ngabodwana.
Kodwa-ke, inhloso enkulu yokucula ukubiza owesilisa kowesifazane ukwelula uhlobo lohlobo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-cicada lwenzela imisindo yezici zabesifazane bayo.
Lalela umsindo wama-cicadas
Abesifazane bacula bathule kakhulu kunabesilisa. AmaCicadas ahlala ezihlahleni nasemagatsheni ezihlahla, angandiza kahle. Futhi yize uvame ukuzwa isinambuzane, uyabona, futhi ikakhulukazi bamba icicada Kunenkinga impela.
Leli qiniso alivimbeli abadobi ekuzisebenziseni njengezicupho. Idala ukudlidlizela okukhulu kakhulu okuheha izinhlanzi ngokuphelele. AmaCicadas adliwa e-Afrika, e-Asia, kwezinye izindawo e-United States, e-Australia. Izinambuzane ziyabiliswa, zithosiwe, zidliwe ngesitsha eseceleni.
Zinamaprotheni amaningi, cishe ama-40%, nama-calories aphansi. Banambitha njengamazambane noma isilimo esinengono emnandi edliwayo.
Izinambuzane eziningi ezidlayo ezinjenge-cicadas. Isibonelo, abanye abamele iminyovu yomhlaba ibaphakela izibungu zabo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umhlanganisi wezinganekwane waseRussia u-A. A. Krylov wasebenzisa isithombe esivela emisebenzini ka-Aesop lapho ebhala umsebenzi othi "Dragonfly and the Ant".
Kwangena iphutha emsebenzini, igama elithi "cigale" lahunyushwa ngokungalungile. Iqhawekazi eliyinhloko lenganekwane kwakufanele libe yicicada uqobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ojekamanzi bangempela abakwazi ukugxuma noma ukucula.
Ukudla kweCicada
Amanzi ezihlahla, izitshalo nezihlahlana yikho ukudla okuyinhloko nokuphela kwama-cicadas. Nge-proboscis yakhe ulimaza amagxolo futhi amunce ujusi. Abesifazane basebenzisa i-ovipositor ukuthola ukudla. Imvamisa ubisi lugeleza luphume ezitshalweni isikhathi eside bese lwakha imana, ebhekwa njengento ewusizo kakhulu.
Ezolimo zithola umonakalo omkhulu kuma-cicadas kanye nezibungu zazo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuthinteka okusanhlamvu kanye nokutshalwa kwensimu. Izindawo ezilimele zezitshalo zimbozwe ngamabala amhlophe akhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi sitshalo siba buthakathaka, amaqabunga aso akhubazekile.
Izinambuzane ezilodwa azisilimazi isitshalo, kepha ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane kungaholela ekufeni kwaso.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo kwama-cicadas
Isikhathi sempilo yama-cicadas amadala sifushane. Inambuzane endala inesikhathi sokubeka amaqanda kuphela. Ekwindla, ngosizo lwe-ovipositor, abesifazane babhoboza izindawo ezithambile zesitshalo (iqabunga, isiqu, isikhumba, njll.) Bese bebeka amaqanda lapho. Ngemuva kwamasonto amane, izibungu zizalwa kubo.
Umjikelezo wokuphila wezinhlobo ezithile ze-cicada unentshisekelo enkulu. Umjikelezo wabo wempilo wenzelwe ukulingana inani elikhulu (1, 3, 5 …… .17, njll.). Yonke le minyaka, isibungu sichitha ngaphansi komhlaba, bese siyaphuma, sihlangane, sizalele amaqanda bese siyafa.
Kodwa-ke, ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwesinambuzane esisesimweni sesibungu sezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo abukacwaningwa. I-Cicadas - kuzo zonke izinambuzane, isisu sinokuphila okude kakhulu (kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-17).
