Ummeleli wezinyoni ongavamile angahle abizwe inyoni ye-osprey... Lo mndeni uqukethe uhlobo olulodwa nezinhlobo zomndeni wakwaSkopin, ukuhleleka kukaklebe, nezinhlobo ezine ezingaphansi.
Ezinganekwaneni zamaSlavic, le nyoni eyivelakancane yabizwa ngokuthi inyoni ebulalayo, uma kubhekwa ukuthi izinzipho zayo ezinobuthi ziletha ukufa. Ngakho-ke, kwakulula ngabantu kulezo zikhathi zasendulo ukuchaza izifo ababengazi ukuthi kufanele bazelaphe kanjani. Manje i-osprey iyinyoni nje, enye yezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo nezingavamile ngokwanele.
Ukubukeka kwezinyoni u-Osprey
Ngokubukeka ospu Kulula ukuhlukanisa kokunye izinyoni ezidla inyama izinhlobo, lokhu kungabonakala kokuphindaphindwayo isithombe... Laba ngabantu abakhulu impela, abanamaphiko angaba amamitha ayi-1.8, ubude bomzimba obucishe bube ama-60 cm nesisindo esingaba ngu-2 kg. Abesifazane bakhulu, kanti abesilisa banesisindo esingaba ngu-1.6 kg.
Ingemuva inombala omnyama, kanti isisu nesifuba kucishe kube mhlophe. Abesifazane bamnyama kancane kunabesilisa, futhi emqaleni wabo umgexo we-maroon uyabonakala, futhi ezinhlangothini zekhanda kusuka esweni kunomugqa omnyama. Imilenze enemibala eholayo ne-irises ephuzi igcwalisa ukubukeka kwe-osprey.
Indawo yokuhlala izinyoni i-Osprey
Le nyoni, yize inenani elincane, isatshalaliswa umhlaba wonke. Ukuzala nokuphila kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica.
Akwaziwa ukuthi ama-ospreys ayazala yini eNingizimu Melika, kepha ebusika lapho bavakashela iBrazil, i-Argentina, i-Uruguay. Izindawo zokwakha izidleke ebusika zihlelwe eGibhithe naseziqhingini zoLwandle Olubomvu.
Iphinde ivame ukutholakala ebusika e-East Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, ePhilippines. INyakatho Nenkabazwe yabavikela e-Alaska, e-USA, eFlorida nasogwini lweGulf of Mexico.
Futhi ehlobo, ama-ospreys ahlala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, afinyelela eScandinavia nase-Iceland. Kwesinye isikhathi inyoni itholakala e-Australia naseSolomon Islands. I-osprey ikhetha izindawo zokwakha izidleke eduze nemizimba yamanzi engajulile - imifula, amachibi, amaxhaphozi. Njengoba inqwaba yokudla kuyizinhlanzi.
Izidleke zakhiwa amakhilomitha ama-3-5 ukusuka echibini, kepha zingahlala nasesiqhingini esiphakeme esime ngqo emanzini, onqenqemeni olunamadwala, zisebenzisa isihlahla esidala ngemfoloko noma i-buoy elahliwe esidlekeni sazo.
Into esemqoka ukuthi le ndawo iphephile, ayifinyeleleki ezilwaneni eziyizisulu ezisemhlabathini. Izinyoni zindiza zisuka esidlekeni ebangeni elingaba amakhilomitha ayi-14. Izinyoni ezingakabi abazali zihamba kancane.
Ukudla kwezinyoni u-Osprey
Osprey - owazalwa Angler, futhi udla kakhulu izinhlanzi. Kungakho akha izidleke zakhe eduze nemizimba yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, ezithi, ngokudoba okuphumelelayo, ezakha cishe i-100% yokudla, i-osprey ingazingela izinyoni ezincane, izibankwa, izinyoka, amaxoxo, izingwejeje, amagundane, ama-muskrats, amawundlu ama-alligator, nonogwaja.
Inqubo yokuzingela, njengezinyoni eziningi ezidla inyama, yenzeka endizeni. Ukusuka kubude obungamamitha ayi-15 kuya kwangu-40, i-osprey ibheka isisulu, lapho isibona yehlela phansi, ibeka izinzipho zayo phambili, bese ibuyisa amaphiko ayo. Uma kukhethwa inhlanzi njengesisulu, khona-ke inyoni ifaka izinzipho zayo emanzini, iyibambe bese iyiphakamisela emoyeni ngamaphiko ayo aqinile.
Isisulu asikwazi ukweqa kuzipho, sibukhali njengezinaliti, ikakhulukazi ngoba zenzelwe ukubamba izinhlanzi ezishelelayo. Ngesikhathi sendiza, le nyoni izama ukuguqula inhlanzi ukuze ingalimazi i-aerodynamics yendiza - ibamba inyamazane ngesidladla esisodwa ikhanda layo libheke phambili, futhi umsila uyibuyisela emuva nenye impuphu.
I-osprey iyakwazi ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezifika ku-2 kilograms. Uma kwenzeka ukuntywila ngenkani kwesilwane esidliwayo, i-osprey ivikelekile emanzini ngokugcotshwa kwezimpaphe namafutha akhethekile emakhaleni. I-osprey iqala ukudla inhlanzi kusuka ekhanda, futhi uma inyamazane ibanjwe ngubaba womndeni onakekelayo, uzothatha uhhafu wokudla aye esidlekeni.
Ukuzala kanye nempilo yenyoni i-osprey
U-Osprey ohlala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe undizela ezindaweni ezifudumele ebusika. Abanye kungenzeka bangabuyi futhi bahlale unomphela eningizimu. Imidlalo yokukhwelana yama-ospreys "asenyakatho" iqala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kanti izakhamuzi zaseningizimu ziqala ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. U-osprey ungowezinyoni ezizimele zodwa, kepha ngenkathi yokuzalisana yakha amabhangqa aqhubeka iminyaka eminingi.
Abesilisa yibo abafika kuqala ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, kuthi kamuva abesifazane bavele. Amasoka aqala ukunquma ama-pirouette, ngaleyo ndlela athandise abesifazane futhi axoshe abancintisana nabo.
"Abashadile" bayatholana, futhi abantu abasha bakha imibhangqwana emisha. Ngemuva kokunquma ngokukhetha komunye nomunye, baqala ukulungiselela ukuzala. Owesifazane ubandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwesidleke ezintweni zokwakha ezitholwe owesilisa.
Indawo yesidleke ikhethwa kwimfoloko esihlahleni esikhulu, onqenqemeni olunamadwala noma ezisekelweni ezenziwe ngabantu. Abantu abaningi bakhela ama-osprey amasayithi anjalo, njengoba kuyisiko eRussia ukwakha amabhokisi okwakha izinyoni ezincane.
Izinto zokwakhelwa isidleke ulwelwe, izinti, amagatsha. Izinyoni zingangena esidlekeni esidala sakwamanye amazwe, zibuyekeze futhi zisisebenzise. Ngokuvamile, ngababili bavame ukusebenzisa indawo eyodwa yesidleke iminyaka eminingana ilandelana, benza ukulungiswa lapho minyaka yonke.
Lapho isidleke sesilungile, owesilisa uqala ukuphatha ukudla lapho futhi ondle okhethiwe. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi lapho owesifazane ethola ukudla okuningi “kumyeni” wakhe, maningi amathuba okuba azalane naye ngokushesha.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda ama-2-4 amhlophe anezinkomba ezinsundu, ngosayizi omncane, enesisindo esingu-60 gram. Ukufukamela kuthatha amaviki ama-5. Imvamisa insikazi iyahwamuka amaphuphu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa ungene esikhundleni sayo.
Noma, uvame ukuthola ukudla kwalowo okhethiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, owokugcina akakakulungeli ukulinda eyodwa kuphela - uma engakwazi ukumondla, khona-ke owesifazane uzocela ukudla kwabesilisa abangomakhelwane.
Amachwane achanyuselwayo akhuphuka anombala omhlophe phansi futhi anesisindo esingama-gramu angama-60. Iminyaka ehlukene, ngoba amaqanda abekwa ngezikhathi zezinsuku eziyi-1-2, khona-ke amaphuphu avele ngokulandelana.
Uma kungekho ukudla okwanele, omncane futhi obuthakathaka, njengomthetho, uyafa. Emavikini amabili okuqala, amaphuphu adinga imfudumalo kamama, futhi kuphela emva kwamasonto amane lapho engawayeka khona.
Amachwane abamba cishe izinyanga ezimbili ubudala, bese eqala ukuzama ukuzingela. Kepha nasophikweni, bangavakashela isidleke sabo semvelo ezinye izinyanga eziyishumi. Bakhula ngokocansi kuphela lapho beneminyaka emithathu. I-osprey ingaphila iminyaka efinyelela kwengama-25, kepha izinyoni eziningi zifa zineminyaka eyi-8-10.
Okwamanje osprey akuyona inhlobo esengozini yokuqothulwa, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi yiyo kuphela emele umndeni wayo, ifakiwe kuyo Incwadi Ebomvu I-Russia neBelarus.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinombolo zayo zatholwa kungekudala, emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-19, isimo sasinzima. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakusetshenziswa kabanzi izibulala-zinambuzane, ezacishe zambulala.
