Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babekhonza i-elk. Imidwebo enesithombe sakhe ingatholakala ku-sarcophagi, emathuneni, emihumeni.
Abantu baseSiberia babekholelwa ukuthi i-constellation ejwayelekile i-Ursa Major neMilky Way kwakhiwa lapho abantu bezingela i-moose. Ama-Apache anenganekwane mayelana ne-elk ekhohlisayo, futhi amaNdiya aseCanada, kunalokho, ancoma izikhulu zawo. Okwanamuhla isilwane elk waziwa kahle kubo bonke futhi ungowezilwane ezincelisayo ezidayiswayo.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Elk
Inani le-elk linabantu abacishe babe yisigidi nesigamu. Cishe isigamu senani labantu lihlala eRussia. Kepha ngaphandle kwemingcele yezwe lethu, lezi zilwane zihlala eYurophu (ePoland, eCzech Republic, eBelarus, eHungary, emazweni aseBaltic), zihlala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Ukraine, eScandinavia.
U-Elk uqothulwe emazweni aseYurophu ashiwo ngenhla ngekhulu le-18 - 19. Kamuva, inani labantu labuyiselwa esimweni sokubonga ngezindlela zokongiwa kwemvelo, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi, nokuqothulwa kwezidalwa zemvelo zezimpisi.
Ihlala enyakatho yeMongolia nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeSiberia. INyakatho Melika nayo yaba yikhaya le-elk, lapho yahlala khona e-Alaska, eCanada nasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-United States.
U-Elk uhlala emahlathini nasezihlahleni - amahlathi e-birch nawaphayini, amahlathi e-aspen, amahlathi eminyezane osebeni lwemifula namachibi. Esigodini nasezintabeni, i-moose ingahlala kude nehlathi. Kepha bathanda amahlathi axubekile, lapho kukhula khona izihlahla.
Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala yasehlobo ye-elk yiziba zokugcina amanzi, ezidingekayo ukuhlenga ekushiseni kwehlobo, kanye nokudla okwengeziwe. Ebusika, zidla emahlathini axubekile nahlangene. Abalithandi iqhwa elijulile, futhi baphila impilo yokuhlala kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho lingawi khona ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha.
Uma iqhwa lijulile, bazulazula kwezinye izindawo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ekupheleni kwekwindla. Okokuqala, abesifazane bahamba namankonyane ama-moose, bese kuthi amaduna amadala azithole. Uhambo lokubuya lwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa liyancibilika. Izilwane zingahamba cishe amakhilomitha ayi-15 ngosuku.
Izici ze-Moose
U-Elk uyilungu elikhulu lomndeni wezinyamazane. Isilisa esikhulile sinesisindo esingaba ngama-600 kg., Ngobude bomzimba obungamamitha ama-3, ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2.4. Abesifazane bancane kakhulu.
I-moose endala ingahlukaniswa kalula kusuka kowesifazane ngamabhande amakhulu ezimpondo. Ubukhulu bazo bungaba ngamamitha ayi-1.8 ububanzi futhi bube nesisindo esingama-30 kilogram. Kuyiqiniso, izimpondo azisiyona inkomba engaguquki yokwehluka kobulili - zonke izinyoni zasekwindla zincishwa lolu phawu oluhlukile.
Zichitha izimpondo zazo ngemuva kwesikhathi esidlule ukuze ziqale ukuzikhulisa entwasahlobo. Isilwane esidala, siba namagatsha amaningi ekhanda laso. Indoda nayo ine "icici" - isikhumba esikhulayo ngaphansi komphimbo.
Ukubukeka kwale moose kuyinto engavamile; lesi silwane sasendle sihluke kakhulu kwezinye izinyamazane. Ungakwahlulela lokhu nge-multiple isithombe se-moose.
Ungasho nokuthi inkomo ye-moose ayibukeki kangako - imilenze mide kakhulu maqondana nomzimba, i-hump ngemuva, ikhanda elikhulu eligobile elinekhala elinomlomo ongaphezulu oyinyama. Kodwa-ke, njengabo bonke abamele umhlaba wezilwane, bayathandwa ngabamele abobulili obuhlukile bezinhlobo zabo.
I-moose inezindlebe ezinhle kakhulu nomuzwa wokuhogela, kodwa ayiboni kahle. Uma umuntu emile, indololwane ngeke imnake ngisho ekude ngamamitha angama-20-30. Ama-Elks angabhukudi abahle, athanda amanzi njengokubaleka phakathi kwamaphakathi nanjengomthombo wokudla.
Uma lesi silwane esikhulu sifuna ukuzivikela, lapho-ke asizisebenzisi izimpondo zaso, sizolwa nezilwane ezidla ezinye ezinemilenze yangaphambili. Kepha abaphikisani, uma kunethuba lokuphunyuka, lapho-ke ngeke bangene empini.
Indlela yokuphila yama-moose
Ama-Elks angahlukaniswa abe ama-subspecies amaningana, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene kukhona kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-8. Ama-subspecies ase-Alaska ngobukhulu, angafinyelela isisindo esingu-800 kg. Okuncane kunazo zonke yi-Ussuri subspecies, ehlukaniswa nezimpondo zayo ezinjengezinyamazane (ngaphandle kwamabhande). Ama-moose asebenza ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zonyaka. Kuya ngesilinganiso sokushisa kuma.
Ekushiseni okukhulu kwehlobo, zikhetha ukucasha ezinambuzaneni ezihlahleni eziminyene, ezijule entanyeni emanzini noma emakhazeni anomoya. Ziyaphuma ziyodla ubusuku obupholile. Ebusika, kunalokho, zondla emini, bese ziphumula ebusuku. Emakhazeni aqatha ikakhulukazi, awela eqhweni elixegayo, elifudumeza izilwane njengomhume.
Izindawo ezinjalo lapho i-elk ichitha khona ubusika zibizwa ngokuthi izikhungo, futhi indawo yazo incike ezindaweni lapho kunokudla okuningi khona. Esikhathini esiningi lawa amahlathi aminyene ompayini enkabeni yeRussia, iminyezane noma amahlathi emifula emifushane eSiberia, umhlonyane onqabile eMpumalanga Ekude.
Izilwane eziningana zingahlangana ekamu elilodwa. Kuqoshwe ama-moose afinyelela kwikhulu kumahektha ayi-1000 e-Ob Pine Forest. Ama-moose akuzona izilwane ezithandanayo, imvamisa ahamba ngamunye ngamunye, noma abantu aba-3-4 babuthana.
Ehlobo, izilwane ezincane kwesinye isikhathi zihlangana nezinsikazi nezingane ezingaphansi konyaka, kanti ebusika, umhlambi omncane uhlanganisa izinsikazi kanye nabantu abanonyaka owodwa nengxenye ubudala. Ngokuza kwentwasahlobo, le nkampani encane izophinde ihlakazeke.
Ukudla
Ukudla kwe-elk kuqukethe zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla, ubulembu, ubulembu, amakhowe, izitshalo ezinde ezine-herbaceous (azikwazi ukuncinda utshani ngenxa yokukhula kwazo okuphezulu nentamo emfushane), amahlumela amancane namaqabunga ezihlahla (i-mountain ash, i-birch, i-aspen, i-bird cherry nezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla).
Ama-moose abamba igatsha ngezindebe zawo ezinkulu futhi adle wonke amahlamvu. Ehlobo bathanda ukufuna ukudla emizimbeni yamanzi, bangakwazi ukuma ngamakhanda abo emanzini cishe umzuzu bese bekhetha izitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini (marigold, lily water, egg capsule, horsetail).
Ngokufika kwekwindla, bathuthela emagatsheni, badle amagxolo ezihlahleni. Lapho kunokudla okuningi, ehlobo, i-moose idla cishe ngama-30 kg, kanti ebusika i-15 kg kuphela. Inani elikhulu le-moose lilimaza amahlathi, njengoba isilwane esisodwa sidla cishe amathani ayi-7 ohlaza ngonyaka. Ama-Elks adinga usawoti, abawakhotha emigwaqweni, noma avakashele izikhotha zikasawoti ezihlelwe ngokukhethekile ngabagcini bemidlalo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngokufika kwekwindla, cishe ngoSepthemba, izinduku ziqala ukuruthisa. Abesilisa benza umsindo omkhulu, baklwebhe izimpondo zabo ezihlahleni, baphule amagatsha, kube sengathi bamema amanye amaduna ukuthi azolwela insikazi.
Lapho sebethole insikazi, bayamlandela, bevimba ezinye izilwane ukuthi zingasondeli kuye. Ngalesi sikhathi, banolaka kakhulu. Impi yamadoda amabili amadala kwesinye isikhathi iphela ngokufa kowentekenteke. Ezimpini ezinolaka, ama-moose awalweli umhlambi, kodwa alwa nowesifazane oyedwa kuphela - yizilwane ezinomfazi oyedwa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi nini ama-elk asekhaya futhi ikakhulukazi abesifazane bakhona emhlambini. Ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa oyedwa kufanele amboze abesifazane abaningana, okungalungile ngokuphelele.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili zokuqomisana, ukukhwelana kwenzeka, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-230-240 ingane izalwa. Ngokuya ngenani lokudla nezimo ezinhle, amathole ayi-1-2 azalwa kudoti. Kepha umuntu uvame ukufa ezinsukwini zokuqala noma emasontweni okuphila.
Ngesonto lokuqala lokuphila kwayo, ithole le-moose libuthaka kakhulu futhi alikwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha, ngakho-ke linendlela eyodwa yokuzivikela - lala phansi otshanini bese ulinda ingozi. Kodwa-ke, unomvikeli omuhle - umama wakhe omkhulu. Uzokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuvikela inzalo yakhe, kwesinye isikhathi ngempumelelo.
Ngisho namabhere kwesinye isikhathi ayafa ngokushaywa yimilenze eqinile yenkomo ye-moose ethukuthele. Kamuva, uzokwazi ukubamba imilenze yakhe ngokuzethemba alandele umama wakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, wazi kuphela ukuthi angawadla kanjani amahlamvu, asezingeni lokukhula kwakhe.
Kamuva, uzofunda ukuguqa ngamadolo ukuze agudle utshani, futhi agobe izihlahla ezincanyana ukuze athole amaqabunga amasha. Amathole e-Moose adla ubisi cishe izinyanga ezine. Kulesi sondlo, inkonyane enesisindo esingu-6-16 kg. isisindo esisanda kuzalwa sizofinyelela ku-120-200 kg ekwindla.
Ama-Elks enzelwe ukuthi aphile iminyaka engaba ngu-25, kepha ezimeni ezinzima zasendle, bavame ukuhlala isigamu sempilo yabo. Lokhu kungenxa yamabhere, izimpisi ezizingela izilwane ezigulayo, kanye nezindala, noma okuphambene nalokho, ezisencane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-elk iyisilwane somdlalo, ukuyizingela kuvunyelwe kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJanuwari.
