Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izinkozi bezilokhu ziwuphawu lwezikhulu nesibindi. Isithombe sale nyoni sigabisa ngamabhanela namajazi ezikhali, emasikweni amaningi athathwa njengangcwele, futhi ezinganekwaneni zakudala zamaGrikhi ukhozi lwaluxhunyaniswa noZeus.
Inyoni yamahhala esibhakabhakeni, futhi kubhekwa ngokufanelekile njengomfanekiso wobukhulu namandla omndeni wezimpaphe. Kodwa, naphezu kokuhlonishwa okunjalo kwalezi zinhlobo, okwamanje ukhozi lwegolide lungaphansi kokuvikelwa futhi lubhalwe kuRed Data Books yaseRussia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland nase-Ukraine.
Indawo nezici
Inyoni ukhozi lwegolide kungokwe-oda le-Falconiformes, umndeni wakwa-Yastrebins. Lolu ukhozi olukhulu kunazo zonke, olushesha ukushesha futhi oluhle kakhulu. Amaphiko ayo angamamitha amabili, isisindo cishe siyi-6 kg. Inyoni yokhozi lwegolide ihlala emahlathini, ezintabeni nasemathafeni ase-Eurasia, Korea, Japan.
Ungezwa ngenyoni yokhozi olusegolide eNyakatho Afrika. Kusatshalaliswe ngasogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika, ukusuka e-Alaska kuya emazweni asenkabeni yeMexico. Akuvamile kangako empumalanga yeCanada nase-United States.
EYurophu, bahlala ezintabeni zaseSpain, eScandinavia, e-Alps naseBalkan. Izindawo zokuhlala ezithandwa kakhulu ukhozi olusagolide ngamathafa nezintaba, kude nabantu. Babuye bazinza emathafeni, emaqeleni nasehlathini-emaqeleni, emihosheni eyihlane, ehlathini, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamahlathi.
Izinyoni zikhetha izindawo zazo emifuleni nasemachibini, kanye nasemathafeni asezintabeni endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2500. Ukuzingela, zidinga izindawo ezivulekile, ngenxa yempiko enkulu. Okokuzijabulisa bakhetha izihlahla ezide namatshe.
ERussia, izinkozi zegolide zihlala cishe yonke indawo, kepha ungazibona kuyaqabukela - zizama ukuhlangana nabantu. Njengoba emathafeni umuntu wacishe washiya indawo yokhozi olusagolide, imvamisa le nyoni ihlala ezixhaphozini ezingapheli zaseNyakatho yeRussia, eBaltic States naseScandinavia naseBelarus.
Izinkozi zegolide zivame ukutholakala eTuva, eTransbaikalia naseYakutia, kepha ngesimo sokuthi izidleke ezingomakhelwane zizoba sebangeni elingu-10-15 km. ngaphandle. Ukwazi ukuthi yini ukhozi oluyigolide oluyinyoni oluthanda ukuba wedwa, akumangazi ukuthi ezifundeni ezimaphakathi, ezinabantu abaningi, zimbalwa izimo zokudleke kwezinkozi zegolide.
Indlela yokuphila yokhozi lwegolide
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emvelweni ukhozi olusagolide luzama ukuhlala kude nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, abantu abaningi abayimizulane base-Asia Ephakathi bathambisile futhi basebenzise ukhozi lwegolide ukuzingela izinyoni, izimpungushe, izimpisi, izinsephe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Izinyoni ezinkulu ezinamaphiko aqinile, uqhwaku oluqinile olubukhali, izidladla ezinamandla nezinzipho nokubona okubukhali zingabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Izinkozi zegolide zikhethe ukuzingela inyamazane ukuphakama njengendlela eyinhloko yokuzingela.
Ukhozi lubone kangcono kasikhombisa kunabantu, ngakho-ke asikho isilwane esingabalekela iso laso. Ukhozi olugolide olundiza esibhakabhakeni lubukeka lungasheshi futhi lukhululekile, kepha lapho luhlaselwa, isilwane esingajwayelekile siyoba nesikhathi sokugxumela eceleni.
Noma, lokhu ngeke kukusindise kumzingeli. Le nyoni iyaqhubeka nokulwela ukudla phansi. Into esemqoka ukufinyelela inyamazane ngozipho lwakho, bese kuthi noma isilwane esikhulu singakwazi ukuphunyula ekubambeni kwensimbi.
Ukhozi olusagolide luyakwazi ukuphakamisa isilwane esinesisindo esingafinyelela kuma-20 kg emoyeni, futhi uma sesilwa ngesandla singaphula intamo yempisi. Izinkozi zegolide zivame ukuzingela ngababili ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa. Uma umuntu enza iphutha, uzakwethu uzolilungisa ngokushesha. Noma inyoni eyodwa isabisa inyamazane, kuyilapho eyesibili ihlalela.
Ngaphandle kokulwa kwabo, izinkozi zegolide zinzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuphazanyiswa kwezinto zabo ngabantu. Izinyoni ezimbalwa ezinesidleke esinamaqhuqhuva noma amaphuphu zingase zisishiye uma umuntu evela eduze futhi azihluphe - amaphuphu azofa. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokwehla kwezinhlobo zala makhokho.
Ukudla kwamakhozi
Iyaqhubeka incazelo lezi esidla inyama izinyoni, kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokudla kwabo. Ukhozi olusagolide ludinga u-1.5 kg. inyama nsuku zonke, okwenza kube omnivorous ngokuphelele. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, izinyoni ezinkulu nezilwane ezincelisayo ziba isisulu esiyinhloko sezinkozi zegolide.
Izidleke, izimbila, izimpungushe, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, ama-hedgehogs, izimfudu - konke kuhamba ngokudla. Ezinyonini, ukhozi olusagolide luthanda ukuzingela amahansi amakhulu, amadada, izindwandwe nonoganda. Ukhozi olusagolide aluthandi ukuphishekela ama-pheasants ama-nimble kanye nama-paseji.
Ukhozi oludala luhlasela inyamazane eyedlula kakhulu ngesisindo sayo. Amacala aqoshwa lapho ukhozi lwegolide luhlasela izindiza ezincane luphula ingilazi. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, izinkozi zegolide nazo azikudeleli ukubola.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, ukhozi olusagolide luziphatha ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: lungahlasela ngokushesha futhi ngokuzumayo lisuka phezulu, luwele cishe lubheke phezulu kuzilwane ezingavikelekile, lungakhohlisa futhi lwenze sengathi alunantshisekelo yokuzingela.
Futhi ukundiza kudlule ukuze ulinde futhi unyonyobele emndenini wezilwane ezigqobayo, usebenzisa ukufihla ukungalingani kwendawo. Ngaphezu kwalawa macala, lonke ukhozi olusagolide lungumzingeli oqondile nongayekethisi, ngeke alugqibe phansi usulu lwakhe, kepha ukhetha ukuhlasela ngokushesha.
Ngisho noma isisulu singehlulwa kusukela ekushayweni kokuqala, inyoni izobalimaza kaninginingi ize ifike ngendlela yayo. Uma sikhuluma ngesilwane esikhulu, umhlaseli onozipho olude uhlaba isikhumba nezibilini, abangele amanxeba okufa.
Ukhozi lubamba izilwane ezincane ngesidladla esisodwa ekhanda, esinye ngemuva, bese kwephula intamo. Akuvamile ukuthi noma ngubani aphunyuke emathundeni ensimbi okhozi olusagolide. Izithombe eziningi zezindawo ezifanayo zokuzingela zale nyoni zikhuluma ngamandla ayo namakhono athuthukile okuzingela. Emzabalazweni wokudla, ukhozi olusagolide lungathatha inyamazane yezinye izinyoni.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izinkozi zegolide zihlala zodwa, zakha futhi zigcina ama-pair impilo yonke. Uzakwethu ukhethwa eneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Isikhathi sokukhwelana, esiqale ngoFebhuwari - Ephreli, sibukeka sijabulisa kakhulu ngaphandle.
Kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane bakhombisa ubuhle namandla abo komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuvame ukuzibonakalisa ngokundiza okufana negagasi - ukhozi lwegolide, selukhuphukile ukuphakama, lucwila ngokucijile phansi luvula amaphiko alo phambi komhlaba uqobo.
Izinyoni ziphinde zikhombisane amakhono azo njengabazingeli, zikhombisa uzipho, zilingise ukuhlaselana, ukuxosha.
Ngemuva kokuthi bobabili sebethathe isinqumo ngokukhetha komunye nomunye, insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-1-3 ombala omhlophe onamachashazi ansundu. Cishe sonke isikhathi lapho ahlala khona emaqanda, yizinsuku ezingama-40-45, kuyaqabukela owesilisa engena esikhundleni sakhe.
Izinkozi zegolide zikhetha izindawo ezivikeleke kakhulu ukwakha izidleke. Imvamisa zitholakala ekuphakameni okukhulu futhi zifinyelela kumamitha ama-2 ngosayizi namamitha ama-3 ububanzi.
Lezi zithandani zakha isidleke ngamahlumela, futhi zifakwe ngotshani obuthambile nobulembu. Kuyo yonke impilo, izinkozi ezimbili zegolide zakha izidleke eziningana endaweni ekhethiwe, bese zishintsha phakathi kwazo.
Amachwane avamise ukuchamusela ngokulandelana, futhi uma endala inkulu kunaleyo encane, lapho-ke izomdudulela kude nokudla okulethwa ngubaba kuthi insikazi ihlephule ibe yizicucu ezincane.
Abazali bakubheka lokhu ngokunganaki, futhi imvamisa iphuphu elincane kunawo wonke liyafa. Amachwane ahlala esidlekeni izinsuku ezingaba ngu-80, ngemuva kwalokho umama uwafundisa ukundiza. Ngesikhathi sokuxhumana namachwane, ungezwa ukuvota i-laconic, ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, izinkozi zegolide.
Amachwane asephenduke amaphiko ahlala esidlekeni nabazali bawo kuze kufike intwasahlobo elandelayo. Isikhathi sokuphila sezinkozi zegolide endle cishe iminyaka engama-20-23. Kuma-zoo, angaphila iminyaka engafika kuma-50. Ngeshwa, lezi zinyoni ezinhle ngokubabazekayo ziya ngokuya zincipha minyaka yonke.
