Izici nendawo yokuhlala
I-Meerkat (kusuka ku-Latin Suricata suricatta) noma i-myrkat enomsila omncane isilwane esincelisayo esiphakathi nendawo esivela ku-oda lezilwane zomndeni we-mongoose.
Yisilwane esincane kunazo zonke emndenini wonke we-mongoose, onezinhlobo ezingama-35. Ubude bomzimba wabo abufinyeleli kumasentimitha angama-35, ngesisindo esifinyelela ku-750 amagremu. Umsila ubomvu ngombala ngethiphu emnyama, yinde impela ngokulingana komzimba - kuze kufike ku-20-25 cm.
Ikhanda lincane nezindlebe eziyindilinga ezinamathele phezulu kwekhanda, nsundu ngokukhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi kube mnyama. Amasokhethi wamehlo nawo amnyama maqondana nawo wonke umzimba, afana nezibuko, okwenza meerkat ezihlekisayo.
Umbala wezinwele ezinde ezithambile esidunjini salo mhlaseli ubomvu-mpunga, kwesinye isikhathi useduze ne-orange. Inezitho ezine ezincane, imilenze yangaphambili enezinzipho ezinde. Njengawo wonke ama-mongoose, ama-meerkats angakhipha uketshezi olunephunga elibi kusuka kwizindlala zokububula.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa lezi zilwane zibe yizinhlobo ezintathu:
- I-Suricata suricatta suricatta
- I-Suricata suricatta marjoriae
- Suricata suricatta iona
Indawo yokuhlala ama-meerkats ezilwane isatshalaliswa ezwenikazi i-Afrika eningizimu nenkabazwe. Bahlala esimeni esishisayo nesomile emahlane nasezindaweni eziseduze.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-Meerkats yizilwane eziguqukayo, ebusuku zicasha emigodini ejulile embiwe. Imigodi, imvamisa, bayazimba, futhi ukujula komgodi kuhlala okungenani kuyimitha elilodwa nohhafu. Kukancane ukuthi bathathe ezikhona, bazihlomisele zona.
Ezindulini ezinamagquma noma ezintabeni, bahlala emifantwini nasemihumeni. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zichitha usuku lonke zifuna ukudla, zimba ezintsha noma zihlela izimbobo ezindala, noma zimane zigqoke ilanga, okuthanda ukukwenza.
Ama-Meerkats yizilwane zomphakathi, zihlala zilahleka emakoloni, inani elijwayelekile elingabantu abangama-25-30, bekukhona nezinhlangano ezinkulu, lapho bekukhona izilwane ezincelisayo ezingama-60.
Ngokuvamile, ngokwemvelo, kuyaqabukela ukuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye ziphila impilo yamakholoni, mhlawumbe, ngaphandle kwama-meerkats, ngakho-ke izingonyama kuphela, ezinenhlangano ngendlela yokuziqhenya, ezingaziqhayisa ngendlela yokuphila. Kwikoloni lezimfunda kuhlala kukhona umholi, futhi, ngokuthokozisayo, lo mholi uhlala engowesifazane, ngakho-ke ukubusa kwabantu abaningi kulezi zilwane.
Lezi zidlakela zivame ukuzingela ngamaqembu futhi ngasikhathi sinye zisabalalisa ngokusobala imithwalo yemfanelo ngayinye. Amanye amalungu eqembu ame ngezinyawo zawo zangemuva efuna inyamazane, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-meerkats angaba sesimeni sokulinda isikhathi eside, kanti amanye abamba inyamazane, leyo eyokuqala yakhomba ngohlobo lokukhala kwezwi.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-meerkats ayizilwane ezidla ezinye, ahlala futhi azingela emindenini emikhulu
Njengoba zinomzimba omude, emi endaweni yokuqapha, lezi zilwane zibukeka zimi kabi ngokuma emilenzeni yazo yangemuva, kanti ngaphambili, zilele phansi. Iningi labathwebuli bezithombe bazama ukubamba lesi sithombe esihlekisayo ukuze bathole isithombe esihle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-meerkats yizilwane ezikhathalelayo kakhulu, ababheki nje kuphela inzalo yabo, kodwa futhi nenzalo yeminye imindeni ehlala nabo kuleli koloni. Ngezikhathi ezibandayo, ungabona iqembu lezimbila zihlangene ndawonye ukuze zifudumale ngemizimba yazo, lokhu kungabonakala kalula kwabaningi isithombe sama-meerkats.
Umndeni wama meerkats uvamise ukuba nemigodi eminingana futhi uvame ukuwuguqula lapho kusondela ingozi noma lapho omunye umndeni uhlala eduze. Kwesinye isikhathi imisele emidala iyashiywa ngenxa yokuthi amagciwane ayanda kuyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ama-Meerkats, njengawo wonke ama-mongoose, adume ngabazingeli bezinyoka, kubandakanya nabanobuthi. Kukholakala ngephutha ukuthi lezi zilwane zinokuzivikela kubuthi benyoka. Uma inyoka, isibonelo, imfezi, iluma imerkat, khona-ke izokufa, kumane nje kungukuthi ubunyoninco besilwane bunjalo ukuthi kuyaqabukela ukuthi izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinwabuzelayo zikwazi ukwenza lokhu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, udumo lwezilwane ezihlekisayo ezihlekisayo luye lwangokuthi ngo-2012 i-cinema yase-Australia yakhipha i-documentary eyisithupha mayelana nama-meerkats ibizwa nge- "Meerkats". Impilo Enkulu Yezidalwa Ezincane ”(igama langempela" Kalahari Meerkats ").
Kwamanye amazwe, abenzi bamafilimu nososayensi nabo bayahambisana nabase-Australia, ngakho-ke amavidiyo amaningi aqoshwe emhlabeni wonke ngokubamba iqhaza kwezilwane.
Ukudla kwaseMeerkat
Ukudla kwama-meerkats akucebile kakhulu, ngoba inani elincane labamele izilwane lihlala ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala. Badla kakhulu izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, izibungu zabo, amaqanda ezinyoni, izicabucabu, ofezela, izibankwa nezinyoka.
Njengoba ingene empini nofezela, i-meerkat kuqala iluma ngobuciko umsila wayo, oqukethe ubuthi, bese ibulala ufezela uqobo, ngaleyo ndlela izivikele kubuthi.
Lezi zidlakela zifuna ukudla eduze komgodi wazo, okungukuthi, umbuthano wokusesha kokudla kuyaqabukela kweqe ibanga elingamakhilomitha amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ngokucabangela indawo yokuhlala ama-meerkats esimweni sezulu esomile, abahlupheki nakancane ngokuswela uketshezi, banokwanele ngokwakhiwa kokudla kwezilwane, okusetshenziselwa ukudla.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukulungela kokukhulelwa kuma-meerkats abesifazane kufinyelelwa ngonyaka owodwa. Azinayo inkathi ethile yokukhulelwa, lezi zilwane zizala unyaka wonke. Owesifazane angazala izingane ezifika kwezintathu kuya kwezine ngonyaka.
Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili, ngemuva kwalokho kuvela izilwane ezincane eziyimpumputhe emgodini. Izinsana ezincane ezisanda kuzalwa zinesisindo esingu-25-40 kuphela wamagremu. Inani lamadlwane kusilahla kuvame ukuba ngu-4-5, akuvamile ukuthi kuzalwe abantu abayi-7.
Emasontweni amabili ngemuva kokuzalwa, izingane ziqala ukuvula amehlo futhi kancane kancane zijwayele ukuhlala zodwa. Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zempilo yabo, banceliswa ubisi futhi ngemuva kwalokho baqala ukuzama ukudla izinambuzane ezincane, ezilethwa kuqala kubo ngabazali babo noma abanye abantu abadala bomndeni wabo (abafowabo nodadewabo).
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Umholi oyedwa kuphela wesifazane ongaletha inzalo emndenini, uma abanye besifazane bekhulelwa futhi beletha izinyane, khona-ke owesifazane ovelele ubaxosha emndenini wakhe ngakho-ke kufanele bazakhele eyabo.
Endaweni yazo ejwayelekile yasendle, lezi zilwane zihlala ngokwesilinganiso cishe iminyaka emihlanu. Izilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye, ikakhulukazi izinyoni, lapho lesi silwane esincane siyisinambuzane esihlwabusayo, zinethonya elikhulu kubantu base-meerkat. Ema-zoo nase ama-meerkats asekhaya uphile isikhathi eside - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-12.
Kwenye yezinkolelo zabantu base-Afrika, kuthiwa ama-meerkats avikela abantu nemfuyo kodeveli abathile benyanga, ama-werewolves, ngakho-ke abantu bendawo bajabule kakhulu ngokuba nezimbila.
Yize lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingezilwane ezidla ezinye, zisheshe zijwayele abantu nezimo zokudla kwasekhaya nokuphila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane futhi ziletha izinzuzo zangempela kubantu, zisusa insimu yekhaya lakhe nomhlaba wokulinywa ofezela abanobuthi nezinyoka.
Ngakho-ke, akunzima ukuthenga i-meerkat e-Afrika; noma yimuphi umthengisi wezilwane anganikeza idazini labo ongakhetha kulo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa abagcini bama-zoo, kubandakanya nezwe lethu. Phela intengo yemerkat akubalulekanga kangako ngenxa yokuthi abanabo uboya obubalulekile futhi umuntu akabadli.
