Izici nendawo yokuhlala yembuzi enezimpondo
Imbuzi yamagilebhisi (UMarkhor) ungoweqembu le-artiodactyl lomndeni we-bovid. Lolu hlobo lwezimbuzi zasentabeni lwathola igama lalo ngenxa yesimo esingajwayelekile sezimpondo, okungathi emadodeni asicaba, sikhulu ngobukhulu futhi sisontekile ngendlela yesikulufa esivunguza.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi ukujika kwezimpondo kucishe kube ngokulingana ngokuphelele futhi uphondo lwesobunxele lusontekile luye kwesobunxele, nophondo lwesokudla luye kwesokudla. Izimpondo zowesilisa ovuthiwe zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, kwabesifazane zincane kakhulu, zingama-20-30 cm kuphela, kepha ukusonteka okuvunguza kubonakala ngokusobala.
Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala bungafinyelela kumamitha ama-2, kuyaqabukela kube ngaphezulu, ukuphakama kokubuna kungama-85-90 cm, isisindo sesilwane asikho ngaphezu kwama-95 kg, njengokujwayelekile, owesifazane omdala ungaphansi kowesilisa kuzo zonke izici.
Izimbuzi zezimbuzi, kuye ngesizini, yiba nombala ohlukile nobukhulu bezinwele. Ebusika, zingaba mpunga ngokubomvu, zimane nje zibe mpunga noma zicishe zibe mhlophe, ngengubo yangaphansi ecebile yoboya obude nobugqinsi.
Esifubeni nasentanyeni, umcibisholo (intshebe) wezinwele ezinde ezimnyama, eziba nkulu ngenkathi ebandayo. Ehlobo, ungathola i-markhor ebomvu egqamile enezinwele ezimfushane nezincanyana, ikhanda lakhe libamnyama kancane kunombala oyinhloko nesisu esimpunga esimhlophe.
Intamo futhi isifuba sembuzi esinezimpondo embozwe izinwele ezinde zomthunzi omhlophe nezinwele ezinde ezimnyama ngaphambili. AmaMarkhurs ahlala emithambekeni emikhulu yezintaba, amawa kanye namadwala, kwesinye isikhathi afinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika kumamitha angama-3500.
Isilwane esiqinile futhi esishesha ukushesha -isithombe sezimbuzi esinezimpondo ezethulwe esizeni, zikwazi ukukhuphuka kalula futhi ngokushesha zikhuphuke eweni lapho zifuna izimila. Ingatholakala ezintabeni zaseMpumalanga yePakistan, eNyakatho-Ntshonalanga yeNdiya, e-Afghanistan, kaningi ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseTurkmenistan nasogwini lwaseBabadag eTajikistan.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yembuzi enezimpondo
Kuyisilwane esinezimvu, futhi isibalo semfuyo yaso sincike esikhathini sonyaka. Isibonelo, ehlobo, abesifazane abanezingane ezincane, ezibalelwa kwabangu-3 kuye kwabangu-12, bahlala ngokwehlukana nabesilisa.
Kepha ngezikhathi zasekwindla nasebusika, lapho kuqala khona imbuzi yesilisa esabatshwayo ujoyine umhlambi omkhulu. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, abantu be-mbuzi markhor babonwa ngemfuyo yabantu abangaba yikhulu, kepha manje, lesi simo asijwayelekile.
Njengamanje, ungathola imihlambi ngemfuyo yezilwane eziyi-15-20, okuyi-6-10% kuphela yabantu besilisa abadala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bafa besebancane kakhulu kaningi kunabesifazane.
Ngesikhathi semikhono, abesilisa banolaka kakhulu futhi lapho behlangana, bayalwa bodwa. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka emaphethelweni amawa kanye nemihosha, okungaba usongo olwengeziwe empilweni yesilwane.
Yize imbuzi yasentabeni ikwazi ukukhuphuka futhi yehle amatshe ngokuphelele, kwesinye isikhathi umphumela wempi, komunye wabo, uba buhlungu. Ukuzingela,lapho kuhlala khona imbuzi enezimpondo, akuvunyelwe ndawo zonke, kodwa, ngeshwa, amacala okuzingela ngokungemthetho ajwayelekile, ngakho-ke abamakayo bangaphuma baye emadlelweni ebusuku, kuthi emini bakhuphuke phezulu ezintabeni.
Indawo yabantu incikeihamba kanjani imbuzi yesikela, okwenza ukuhambela okuqondile mpo kwesizini. Isibonelo, ehlobo abakwaMarkhora baya phezulu ezintabeni, kuthi ebusika, ngenxa yobunzima bokuthola ukudla neqhwa elijulile, behlela ezansi uma lokhu kungeyona ingozi kubo.
Esikhathini sezulu esipholile, izimbuzi zasentabeni ziyasebenza usuku lonke, kepha zondla kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa, futhi ngezikhathi ezishisayo zizama ukucasha emthunzini wamatshe noma ezihlahleni. Ingxenye ekhanyayo yosuku amasikela ezimbuzi achitha ezindaweni ezivulekile, kepha lapho kuqala ukuhwalala, ukuthola indawo yokukhosela sezulu kanye nezitha, zingena emadwaleni.
Ukudla
UMarkhoras uya emadlelweni kabili ngosuku, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lapho kunezimila ezanele, Ama-markhorses akhetha ukudla ungadli kuphela ukudla okweqile (okusanhlamvu, amahlumela amnandi, ama-sedges, amaqabunga e-rhubarb), kodwa amahlumela namahlamvu emithi emincane nezihlahlana.
Izilwane zidla izitshalo ezifanayo ezomisiwe ekwindla, ebusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kepha lapho izintaba zimbozwe yiqhwa, ukudla okuyinhloko amagatsha ama-alimondi, i-honeysuckle, i-maple yaseTurkestan, izinaliti zikaphayini.
Phezulu ezintabenilapho kuhlala khona imbuzi enezimpondo, izimila zincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke abamaki baphoqeleka ukuba behlele emathafeni. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa okunjalo, amagxolo ezihlahla ayahlupheka, awadla ngokuzithandela, ngaleyo ndlela athikameze ukuphepha nokuvuselelwa kwehlathi.
Kepha okumnandi kakhulu kwezimbuzi ezinezimpondo yi-oki ehlala iluhlaza, ecebile ngamahlamvu amnandi ehlobo nama-acorn ebusika. Imifula yezintaba nemifudlana, amadamu akhiwa ngenxa yokuncibilika kweqhwa noma imvula asebenza njengechibi lawo.
Imbuzi enezimpondo ivame ukusebenzisa indawo efanayo yokunisela, ngesikhathi esipholile iza kabili - entathakusa nasekusondele kusihlwa, futhi ehlobo ingavakashela echibini ngisho nasemini. Ebusika, abakwaMarkhoras badla iqhwa ngokuzithandela.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Phakathi kukaNovemba noDisemba, inani lezimbuzi ezinezimpondo Kuqala, lapho abesilisa abangaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala behlanganyela khona. Uhlobo lwezimpi luhlelwe phakathi kwezimbuzi ngenxa yezinsikazi, ngenxa yalokho okwakhiwa amaqembu ama-harem, afaka phakathi abantu abavuthiwe abayi-6-7.
Imbuzi yesifazane uMarkhor izala inzalo izinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi esikhathini esivela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izala imbuzi eyodwa noma ezimbili, okuthi ngosuku zikwazi ukuyilandela yonke indawo.
Kakade ngemuva kwesonto, izinyane lingaqala ukuzama amahlumela amancane notshani obumnandi, kepha ukondla ubisi kuzohlala cishe kuze kube sekwindla. Abesilisa abasebasha bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, abesifazane - cishe unyaka kamuva.
Kepha, ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izingane ezisindayo, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa, ngaphezulu kwengxenye yazo kungafa. Isikhathi sokuphila sembuzi eshisayo kuyaqabukela ifinyelele eminyakeni eyi-10, cishe abafi ngokuguga, futhi kaningi babulawa izandla zabantu, ukuhlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye, indlala kanye nama-avalchi ebusika.
KuMhlaba jikeleleImbuzi ebomvu enezimpondo efakwe ohlwini njengesilwane esingandile, isibalo sabantu esincipha ngokushesha, futhi umsebenzi wesintu ukuvikela ukufa kwaso.
