Indoda ephethe izinkemba eluhlaza - enye yezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zalo mndeni, ezavezwa emuva ngo-1908. Ngokokuqala ngqa ezindaweni zasemanzini, izinkemba zavela maphakathi nekhulu le-19, ngenkathi lolu hlobo oluthile lwaziwa kamuva. Namuhla, izinkemba zithathwa njengezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ngokuphelele. Zilinywa ngenkuthalo ngenhloso yokuthola imibala yoqobo eyengeziwe.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Green Swordsman
Abaphethe izinkemba baqala ukuchazwa maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Khona-ke abahambi baqala ukuqaphela abamele lolu hlobo esifundeni saseMelika. Bathola leli gama ngenxa yenqubo yesici se-xiphoid esifundeni somsila. Kusukela kulo mzuzu lapho indaba yabo iqala khona.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abamele bokuqala balezi zinhlobo balethwa endaweni yaseYurophu, lapho baqala khona ukukhuliswa ngenkuthalo ngama-aquariums. Ngenxa yezici zabo ezihlukile: ukuthobeka, isimo sokujabula, kuhlanganiswe nezidingo ezincane zezimo zokuboshwa, amadoda abamba izinkemba asedume kakhulu.
Ividiyo: Green Swordsman
Ama-Aquarists nawo aqala ukusebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuzalanisa zonke izinhlobo ezintsha. Ngokuwela abamele ama-subspecies ahlukahlukene, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole imibala eyingqayizivele yoqobo yezinhlanzi ezinqobe izinhliziyo iminyaka eminingi.
I-swordsman eluhlaza ingatholakala ezimweni zemvelo, kepha e-aquarium, abameleli balezi zinhlobo basazizwa benethezekile. Esifundeni saseMelika Ephakathi, lawa ma-subspecies ayatholakala, kepha lawo masabula aluhlaza atholakala kuma-aquariums angamalungu enzalo - akhiqizwa ngokungeyikho. Manje izinhlobo zihlala zithola izinguquko ezahlukahlukene, njengoba umsebenzi ohlangothini lokuwela uqhubeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ubukeka kanjani umuntu ophethe izinkemba oluhlaza
Uma siqhathanisa izinhlobo zezinkemba eziluhlaza, ezitholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini nezakhamuzi zemvelo, lapho-ke singaphetha ngokuthi lezi zakamuva zikhulu kakhulu.
Ingxenye engezansi yomsila wabo bonke abantu abaphethe izinkemba iphuma ngokungafani ngokulinganayo. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yakha uhlobo lwenkemba. Ngenxa yalokhu, lezi zinhlobo zathola igama lazo. Lesi sici sici sazo zonke izinkemba, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ama-subspecies. Okuhlaza akunjalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanzi inezici ezilandelayo zokubukeka nemingcele ehlukile yesici:
- cishe ubude bomzimba wendoda ephethe izinkemba cishe ingamasentimitha ayi-8 ngasikhathi sinye, abesifazane bade ngokuphindwe ka-1.5 kunabesilisa (okungukuthi, bangafinyelela ku-12 cm);
- umzimba wenhlanzi uthotshisiwe kancane kusuka ezinhlangothini;
- umthunzi ompunga-oluhlaza okotshani. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunolayini obomvu obonakalisiwe emzimbeni wonke;
- nzalo zinombala ogqame kakhulu. Kungabuye kuqashelwe ukuthi umzimba wabo ubonakala ukhanya kancane (yingakho kwesinye isikhathi abanye abameleli bezinhlobo bangadidaniswa nezinsana). Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, umzimba we-swordtail ufiphele futhi sengathi ubala;
- umzimba uvuleke ngokusobala;
- isifonyo senhlanzi sinekhala elikhombe namehlo amakhulu.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lokuwela, umphathi wezinkemba oluhlaza angaba nezici ezahlukahlukene zomthunzi, ephonsa ukubukeka okuhlukile.
Uhlala kuphi umphathi wezinkemba oluhlaza?
Isithombe: I-swordfish eluhlaza
I-Central America yindawo yemvelo yalezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Kusukela eMexico kuya eHonduras, lezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo seziphile isikhathi eside. Abasiki bezinkemba bahlala emigodini yemifula ekugcineni egelezela olwandle i-Atlantic.
Namuhla kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ukuhlangabezana nezinhlanzi ezimweni zemvelo. Kulula kakhulu ukukuthola kuma-aquariums ngama-aquarists avela emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yokuthi inhlanzi inokubukeka kwasekuqaleni ngokuphelele futhi inesimo sokukhetha, bayazithanda izakhamizi ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba.
Izindawo zezulu ezishisayo nezisenkabazwe yiyona ndawo eyinhloko yalezi zinhlobo. Kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezimweni zemvelo zokuphila zezinhlanzi. Eqinisweni, ngenxa yama-aquarists, manje sebekhuthele umhlaba wonke. Ezimweni zokufakelwa, zingahlala ngisho nasezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu. Kunzima ukuthola indawo ethile emhlabeni lapho abantu bengajwayele izinkemba.
Bangakwazi ukuhlala kuzo zombili izindishi zekhanda lomfula, izimpophoma ezinomsinga osheshayo, namaxhaphozi, amachibi. Kepha, nokho, bazizwa bekhululeke ngokwengeziwe emadanyini nge-current esheshayo. Lokhu kunikeza ukutholakala okukhulu komoya-mpilo. Futhi ezimweni ezinjalo, amanzi ahlanzekile.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lokhu kusebenza kakhulu kulabo abaphethe inkemba bebonke. Uma sikhuluma ikakhulukazi ngemifino, khona-ke zitholakala kuphela kuma-aquariums. Isizathu ukuthi inzalo enjalo yakhiqizwa ngokungeyikho ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa impilo ekuthunjweni kuphela. Azenzeki ezimeni zemvelo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Indoda ephethe izinkemba eluhlaza ayithobeki ezimeni zokuphila kangangokuba ingahlala emizimbeni yamanzi emile futhi engenawo ngisho namanzi anosawoti omncane.
Yini edliwa ngumuntu ophethe izinkemba oluhlaza?
Isithombe: Inkemba ye-neon eluhlaza
Abasiki bezinkemba abanasizotha kakhulu ekudleni kokubili emvelweni nasezimweni zokufakelwa. Ngokwemvelo, bavame ukukhetha ama-invertebrate amancane kakhulu (izinambuzane, kanye nezibungu zabo). Kepha, ngaphezu kokudla okuphilayo, izinkemba zingadla nokudla kwezitshalo: ulwelwe nezinhlayiya zezitshalo eziwela emanzini.
Ukwamukelwa okunjalo kubasiza ukuba bathole ukudla okunomsoco, kanye nokuzihlinzeka ngokudla okudingekayo ezimweni zokungafinyeleleki kolunye lwezinhlobo zokudla. Uma sikhuluma ngezimo zokufakelwa zokugcina abagadli bezinkemba eziluhlaza, zingathengwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla kubo. Kungaba ukudla okomile noma okuphilayo. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinhlanzi, zingadla ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokudla.
Abanye abakhiqizi baze bakhiqize ukudla okukhethekile kwabaphethe izinkemba. Kuhlelwe ukubheka izidingo zomuntu ngamunye zokuthuthuka. Lokhu kwenza izinto zibe lula kakhulu futhi kusiza ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okulinganiselayo ezinhlanzini zakho ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu.
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukukhetha ukudla okukhethekile okunjalo, ungenza nge-daphnia ejwayelekile ejwayelekile ngokuphelele. Ngendlela, ungakwenza futhi ngaphandle kwalokhu uma unophizi noma isaladi lempungushe, isipinashi esiseduze - abasebenza ngezinkemba bazophinda badle lokhu kudla kwemifino ngentokozo enkulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abasiki bezinkemba ngokwemvelo bathambekele ekudleni ngokweqile nasekukhuluphaleni, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungadluli izinhlanzi ngokweqile, uhlelele izinsuku zokuzila.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Green Swordsman
Abasiki bezinkemba bahlukaniswa yimpilo esebenzayo kakhulu, kanye nesimo sokuthokoza. Kungakho bathandwa kangaka ngama-aquarists. Cishe zifika njalo zijabule kakhulu, zidlala zodwa (ngemuva kwakho konke, lokhu kuyinhlanzi yokufunda isikole ngakho-ke futhi udinga ukuqala izinhlanzi eziningana zalesi silwane ngasikhathi sinye).
Okuhlanganisiwe okungeziwe ukungathobeki kwabo ngokuphelele. Zimelana kahle nokwenyuka okuncane noma ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Lokhu akuthinti nganoma iyiphi indlela umsebenzi wezimpilo zabo.
Imvamisa noma yiziphi izingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa ziyakhishwa. Zibonisa lapho zifuna ukuzibonakalisa ukuze zithole ukunakwa kwabesifazane. Kepha empeleni, akukaze kufike ezingxabanweni ezinkulu. Lezi izinhlanzi ezinobungani kakhulu, ezimweni zokuzenzela nezemvelo, ezizwana ngokulinganayo. Zingabuye zihlangane ngokuphelele nezinhlanzi ezifanayo ngohlamvu nobukhulu bazo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlanzi azivikelekile ezimangalisweni ezingathandeki. Ezimweni ezingavamile, lapho uthintana nezinhlobo ezithile, kungavela inkinga enjalo: inhlanzi iluma izingcezu zamaphiko noma imisila komunye nomunye.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abasiki bezinkemba bathanda amanzi ahlanzekile ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngakho-ke e-aquarium, udinga ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ususe imfucumfucu yokudla ebusweni ukuze ubanikeze ukutholakala okufanele komoya-mpilo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Abashayeli bezinkemba eziluhlaza
Abasiki bezinkemba bayizinhlanzi ezingabhekwa ngokuphepha kulabo abathanda ukuthula. Kulokhu, abesilisa bangakwazi ukuncintisana ngenhloso yokuthola ukunakekelwa kwabesifazane. Imvelo inqume ukuthi abaphathi bezinkemba banazo zonke izidingo zokuzalwa bukhoma.
Ezimweni zokuphila ezingokwemvelo, izinhlanzi zivamise ukuzikhethela amabhangqwana afanele, zigxile kuzinkomba eziningi ezahlukahlukene zangaphandle. Kepha ezimweni ze-aquarium, umnikazi uthatha izithandani. Ukuze inzalo ibe nenhle, kanye nokugcina izinhlobo ngendlela emsulwa, kungakuhle ukukhetha kahle izithandani ezifanele.
Ukuzala kwenzeka njalo emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sonyaka sale nqubo asivezwanga ngokuphelele. Inqubo yokufukamela ngesikhathi sokuzalisa izinkemba ayitholakali ngokuphelele. Ngendlela, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane, lapho izingane zikhula khona, emva kwalokho kuzalwa ifry eyakhiwe ngokuphelele, kuyo yonke imingcele yangaphandle efana nabazali bayo. Isigaba samaqanda asikho ngokuphelele lapha.
Lapho isikhathi sifika, owesilisa, okufakazele ukuthi uphakeme kunabanye, uqala ukuzungeza owesifazane, azibonakalise. Lapho emukela ukuqomisana, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka. Into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi owesifazane ulawula inqubo yokukhulelwa uqobo, kepha angakwazi ukugcina imbewu yowesilisa izinyanga ezimbalwa. Lokhu kungenzeka uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi lehla ngokungazelelwe noma inani lokudla lincipha. Kulokhu, owesifazane angakuhlehlisa ukukhulelwa kuze kube yilapho kungenzeka.
Izitha zemvelo zomphathi wezinkemba oluhlaza
Isithombe: Ubukeka kanjani umuntu ophethe izinkemba oluhlaza
Eqinisweni, emvelweni, ngokuphelele, zonke izinhlanzi ezidlayo zosayizi omkhulu zingaba izitha zama-swordtails. Izingane ezincane zithinteka kakhulu kulokhu. Yengeza izinkinga enhlanzini ngokubukeka kwayo okumangazayo, ngoba ngokuqinisekile ngeke ikwazi ukuhlala ingaziwa. Kungakho ukuphela kwethemba lensindiso ukumane unhlanhlathe ungene emihlambini ubalekele lowo obalandelayo.
Okunye okuyingozi yizinyoni ezizingela ngenkuthalo abamele umhlaba wasemanzini, ngokumane bazikhethe emanzini eduze nogu. Abanye bathi isitha esiyingozi kakhulu sabaphathi bezinkemba ngumuntu. Eqinisweni, lokhu akunjalo, uma nje kungenxa yokuthi kungabantu abazalela ngenkuthalo abamele lo mndeni, ukuze sibonge abantu, inani labaphethe izinkemba, ngokuphambene nalokho, likhula kakhulu.
Ngendlela, ezimweni zemvelo, ama-crustaceans abeka enye ingozi - bamane badle amaqanda abekiwe noma gazinga, kuvimbela izinhlanzi ukuthi zande.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: E-aquarium, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka umama wabo kwesinye isitsha ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwezingane. Ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, akukho ukukhetha okunjalo okuqinile - e-aquarium, izinhlanzi ezinkulu zingamane zidle izingane. Kungakho isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kungaba ukumane ubahlukanise zisuka nje.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: I-swordfish eluhlaza
I-swordsman eluhlaza iyinhlobo eyakhiwe ngokuzenzela. Kungakho kunzima kakhulu ukunikeza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlola maqondana nesimo sakhe. Njengoba i-hybrid ibingakaze ihlale ezimweni zemvelo iyodwa, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi ingaphansi kokuvikelwa nguhulumeni, noma ngabe inani labamele lizokwehliswa kakhulu.
Ngokwenzayo, akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa inani labaphethe izinkemba. Bahlala ngokuqinile ezindaweni ezingama-aquaums emaqoqweni azimele emhlabeni jikelele. Kungakho kungenangqondo ukuthatha okungenani cishe ukuthi zingaki ezikhona emvelweni. Uma sikhuluma ngabaphethe izinkemba ngokujwayelekile, lapho-ke singafinyelela eziphethweni ezilandelayo: inani labo lisanda kuhlala endaweni. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yama-aquarists, umuntu angasho nhlobo ngokwanda kwesibalo, ukunwetshwa kokwehlukahluka kwezinhlobo.
Izinhlobo ezinemizimba yamanzi yakuqala zifanelwe ukunakwa ngokukhethekile ngokuvikelwa. Isizathu ukuthi ikakhulukazi ama-nzalo manje asekhiqizwa ngenkuthalo, kepha kunabameleli abancane bezinhlobo ezihlanzekile. Kunjalo ngabo ukuthi kufanele unakekele ukugcina izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi isimo sazo sokuqala.
Eqinisweni, okufanayo kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi izinkemba eziluhlaza. I-subspecies ngayinye yezinhlanzi incike ekunciphiseni kwamanani ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi osebenzayo uyaqhubeka nokuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlanzi zihlangana njalo, ezinye ziyavela, kanti izinhlobo zangaphambilini ziyanyamalala ngefomethi emsulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuningi bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene bungaba sengozini ngoba izinhlamvu ngokwazo azizali. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani labo labantu liyancipha, ngoba ngaphandle kokuzalela njalo, banqunyelwe ukuphela ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi: inkemba eluhlaza - inhlanzi edumile phakathi kwama-aquarists, ethandwa kakhulu yiwo wonke umuntu ngenxa yedatha yayo yangaphandle, usayizi omncane, kanye nokungabikho kwanoma yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zokuqukethwe. Izinhlanzi azithobeki kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unemininingwane enhle kakhulu yangaphandle - ngeke ashiye noma ubani ongenandaba.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01/24/2020
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 06.10.2019 ngo-16: 24
