I-Honoriki yizilwane ezincane ezinoboya bomndeni weasel. Lezi zilwane zivame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Lezi zinhlobo zitholakala ngenxa ye-hybrid ye-steppe kanye ne-ferret yokhuni ene-mink yaseYurophu. Igama i-honik, eyakhiwe kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwamagama abazali, isetshenziswa kuphela eRussia, emhlabeni wonke lezi zilwane zibizwa, njenge-ferrets ejwayelekile yasekhaya - fretka (ferret, noma fredka).
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Honorik
IHonorik wuhlobo lwe-hybrid olwenziwe ngokuwela i-Mustela eversmanni (i-wood ferret), i-Mustela eversmanni (i-steppe ferret) ne-Mustela lutreola (i-European mink). Lezi zinhlobo zazalwa ngusosayensi wezilwane odumile waseSoviet uDmitry Ternovsky ngo-1978. Njengoba lolu hlobo lukhiqizwe ngokufakelwa, lezi zilwane zingatholakala ikakhulukazi ekuthunjweni, yize i-honiki nayo itholakala endle.
Ngaphandle, ama-honics ahluke kakhulu kuma-ferrets ajwayelekile. Umzimba wezilwane mncane futhi uyaguquguquka. Lezi zilwane zinentamo ezacile neneyinde, inekhanda elincane eliyindilinga, nomsila omude, opholile, i-honikik eyizuze ku-mink yase-Europe. IHonorik inkudlwana kune-ferrets ejwayelekile. Umuntu omdala unesisindo esisuka ku-400 gram kuya ku-2.6 kg. Ukukhula kwesilwane cishe kungama-50 cm, ubude bomsila bungaba ngu-15-18 cm.
Ividiyo: Honorik
I-Honoriki yehlukile kuma-ferrets ngezinwele ezijiyile nezicijile nombala othile. Kusukela kumaminks lezi zilwane zithole i-awn emnyama, isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke ama-underfur ansundu. Izilwane zizuze njenge-ferrets isimo somzimba esiguquguqukayo nezindlebe ezinkulu ezingqunyelwe umugqa omhlophe.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, lezi zilwane cishe azikhuliswanga emapulazini wombuso we-zoo ngenxa yokutholakala kweminki nobunzima bokuzalela izilwane, futhi abathengisi abavame ukuthengisa ama-ferrets ajwayelekile ngaphansi kwesithunzi se-honiks. Kepha i-honiki yangempela isewumphumela wokuwela izinhlobo ezintathu, i-honike ekhethiwe ungayihlukanisa ne-ferret ejwayelekile ngesakhiwo soboya, ubukhona be-awn emnyama nomsila omude opholile.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani i-honik
IHonoriki yizilwane ezincane ezinomzimba omude futhi ozacile. I-nimble kakhulu futhi iyashesha. Ikhanda lesilwane lincane. Amehlo mancane, iris yamehlo ansundu. Isilevu nodebe lwaphezulu zimhlophe; iningi lama-honics linemivimbo elula ngemuva kwamehlo nasezindlebeni zesilwane. Kukhona amadevu amade eduze kwekhala. Uvolo ujiyile, ungcono kunowemink, ukwakheka kufana kakhulu nobude be-sable awn obucishe bube yi-4 cm, ngaphansi kwe-2-2.5 cm.
Ubaba ongaphansi kovame ukuba nsundu noma nsundu ngombala. Imilenze incane, kepha lokhu akuvimbeli ama-honics ukuthi asheshe asheshe. Umsila mude ngokwedlulele, cishe u-15-20 cm, izinwele ezisemsileni zide kakhulu futhi ziyathambile. Njengoba i-honiki luhlobo olukhuliswe ngokungelona iqiniso, ama-hanorik wesilisa ayinyumba futhi awakwazi ukuzala inzalo. Kepha abesifazane bayakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo enempilo lapho bewela ngama-ferrets.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-Honoriks anezindlala ezakhiwe kahle zangasese ezikhipha uketshezi olunephunga elibi; abesilisa bamaka indawo yabo ngayo futhi baxoshe isitha engozini.
IHonoriki ivumelana kahle nezimo zemvelo. Ebusika, izilwane zivikelekile emakhazeni ngoboya bazo obukhulu; eduze nasehlobo, izilwane ziqala isikhathi sokuncibilika okusebenzayo, lapho ubusha besilwane buvuselelwa khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvamisa ye-metabolism kanye nenani lokushintshaniswa kwegesi kuyashintsha ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zonyaka.
Ehlobo, izilwane zinesisindo esincane, cishe akukho ungqimba wamafutha, ebusika izilwane zithola kuze kufike ku-30% wesisindo sazo, kuvele ungqimba lwamafutha oluhlaba umxhwele, futhi uboya bukhule babuye. Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zilwane endle cishe yiminyaka emi-5; ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane zingaphila iminyaka eyi-12.
Ngabe zihlala kuphi izihlonipho?
Isithombe: Honlot yasekhaya
Njengoba i-honikiyiki yizilwane ezikhuliswe endle, kunzima ukuzihlangabeza. Emvelweni yemvelo, i-honiki itholakala ezindaweni zabokhokho bazo. IHonoriki ingahlala endaweni emaphakathi naseningizimu yeRussia, entshonalanga yeYurophu, e-Eurasia nasenkabeni ye-Asia.
IHonoriki itholakala eCzech Republic, eRomania, eMoldova, eHungary, ePoland, eBulgaria nasensimini yase-Ukraine. Endle, izilwane zihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini nasehlathini. Izilwane ziyazihlelela izimbobo, lapho zihlala khona. Bathanda ukuhlala eduze nemizimba yamanzi, i-honiki izuze njengekhono lokubhukuda kahle kumamink, futhi lapho kushisa ehlobo bangachitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini.
Ama-Honoriks agcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane zigcinwa kahle emakhejini ahlukene, lapho kubekwa khona i-hammock noma ingubo ethambile. Kungcono ukubeka ikheji nesilwane endaweni ezolile, efudumele evikelekile kokungakapheli. I-Honoriki yizilwane ezihlakaniphile impela, zijwayela ithreyi, ziyayazi indawo yokudlela. Isibaya sezilwane kufanele sibe banzi futhi sihlale sihlanzekile.
Isilwane asikwazi ukuhlala ehhokweni usuku lonke, ngoba sidinga ukuhamba, ngakho-ke ama-honiks avame ukudedelwa ukuba ahambe ngokukhululeka efulethini. Yiqiniso, kungcono ukungashiyi izilwane zinganakiwe. IHonoriki ingacasha ezindaweni eziyimfihlo kakhulu, ingene emshinini wokuwasha nakumgqomo kadoti, ngakho-ke lapho uphuma endlini kungcono ukhiye isilwane ehokweni.
Zidlani izihlonipho?
Isithombe: Honorik emvelweni
Ama-Honoriki angama-omnivores futhi adla ngokuyisisekelo into efanayo nama-ferrets.
Ukudla kwabakwa honiks kuhlanganisa:
- amagundane azo zonke izinhlobo;
- amasele;
- amaxoxo;
- inhlanzi;
- amagundane amanzi;
- izinyoni zasendle namaqanda azo;
- izinambuzane ezinkulu - izinkumbi, izintethe, ojekamanzi nezinye.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-ferrets angena emigodini yehares futhi aklwebhe amahares. Ekuthunjweni, ama-honiks ngokuvamile anikezwa inyama yenkukhu ebilisiwe, amaqanda, iphalishi, inhlanzi ebilisiwe, imifino nezithelo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi lezi zilwane zinikezwe ukudla okubhemayo nokunosawoti, ngoba izilwane zingafa ngokudla okunjalo. IHonoriki yizilwane ezisebenzayo futhi zihlala zidinga ukudla namanzi amaningi.
Amanzi kufanele abe njalo ehhokweni, kungcono ukuwathela enkomishini yokuphuza ukuze isilwane singachitheki amanzi. Ukuze isilwane sizwe kahle, kufanele sondliwe ngokudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, okusele kokudla okusele kufanele kususwe ekheji, ngoba ukudla okungadliwe kuyawohloka ngokushesha, futhi isilwane singafakwa ushevu ngokudla ukudla okonakele. Uma ungafuni ukuzibandakanya ekwakhiweni kokudla kwesilwane, ungathenga ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo okwenziwe ngomumo esitolo sezilwane.
Lapho ukhipha isilwane ukuzulazula endlini, kubalulekile ukusilandela, ngoba ama-ferrets athanda kakhulu ukuhlafuna izintambo, ukungena emigqonyeni kadoti namakhekhe, lapho isilwane singathola ubuthi ngokudla okuthile okungadli noma okonakele. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ama-honiks angondliwa kancane; kuyadingeka futhi ukunciphisa umzimba ekudleni ngemifino nezithelo. Ebusika, izilwane zidinga inyama eningi. Ukuze isilwane sizizwe kahle, kuhle ukufaka ama-vitamin complexes ama-ferrets athengiswa ezitolo zezilwane ekudleni.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Honoriki
I-Honoriki yizilwane ezikhuthele kakhulu. Zibhukuda kahle kakhulu, zigijima ngejubane futhi zikhuphukela kalula ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kakhulu. Endle, izilwane zimba imigodi ngokushesha, zinhle ekuzingeleni amagundane, izinyoni, izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini nezinyoka. Agile kakhulu futhi nimble. Bacasha ezitheni emigodini, bayakwazi ukumba imigqa ejulile, emhlabathini naseqhweni.
Ama-Honorik anomlingiswa onolaka, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi empeleni yizilwane ezidlayo. IHonoriki ingahlala eduze komuntu futhi imbone njengenkosi, kepha bangaziphatha ngolaka. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane kusamele zingagcinwa emindenini lapho kunezingane ezincane, futhi akufanele uqale ama-hanorik uma unama-hamsters, amagundane okuhlobisa, izinyoni, ngoba angaba yisisulu salesi silwane esincane. Kepha ngamakati nezinja, lezi zilwane zihlangana kahle.
Basebenza ngokukhethekile ebusuku. Lapho izilwane ziphapheme, azihlaliseki, i-honiki zihlala zihamba, zigijima futhi ziyagxuma. Bathanda ukudlala omunye nomunye futhi nomnikazi, abasithandi isizungu. Ama-honics asekhaya cishe awanuki, noma ngabe kunengozi, izilwane zingezwa iphunga le-musk, kepha ama-honics asendle, uma kunengozi, akhipha uketshezi olunephunga elibuhlungu endunu.
IHonoriki yizilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, kulula ukuziqeqesha. Lapho izilwane zizizwa zikhululekile, zazisa umniniso ngakho ngokuhlehla okumnandi. Lapho ihlonipho ingathandeki futhi ithukuthele, ingahle ihonqe futhi ihlabe umxhwele ngokungenami. Uma isilwane sisengozini enkulu, singase simemeze. Ukudunyiswa okuncane kwazisa abanye ukuthi balambile.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Umlingiswa we-honikik wakhiwa eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala, kungalesi sikhathi lapho ungaqala khona ukuzijwayeza nezilwane - uzijwayeze ugqoko neminye imiyalo.
Abesifazane baqeqeshwe kangcono, abesilisa bathembeke kakhulu kumnikazi, kepha bayavilapha. Izici zobuntu ezimbi zalezi zilwane zifaka ukuphikelela kwazo. Uma isilwane sifuna okuthile, sizofuna futhi sifeze inhloso yaso. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukukhipha isilwane emikhubeni emibi yezingcingo zokugedla noma ukumba phansi emabhodweni ezimbali, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuvimbela ngokushesha isenzo esingalungile sesilwane, futhi sisidedele esibayeni, silandele zonke izinyathelo zesilwane.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Little Honorik
Njengoba i-honikiy luhlobo lwe-hybrid, abesilisa balezi zilwane abakwazi ukuba nenzalo. Abesifazane bavundile futhi bayakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka lapho bewela ngama-ferrets ajwayelekile. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sama-honikss siqala entwasahlobo futhi sihlala kuze kufike ekwindla. Eduze kwentwasahlobo, izilwane zikhulise kakhulu ama-gonads.
Kwabesifazane, i-loop iyabonakala - emaphethelweni e-urethra, emadodeni ama-testes akhula ngalesi sikhathi. Ukukhwelana ezilwaneni kuyashesha impela. Owesilisa angalandela insikazi, noma, ambambe entanyeni, amhudulele endaweni ecashile. Lapho ukukhwelana, insikazi iyakhwifa, izame ukweqa ibaleke. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, abesifazane bavame ukubuna, amabala amazinyo angabonakala ekubuneni, lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi amanxeba esifazane azophola ngokushesha.
Inzalo izalwa izinyanga eziyi-1.5 ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Ngaphambi kokubeletha, owesifazane okhulelwe uvame ukufakwa ehhokweni elihlukile ukuze owesilisa angalimazi inzalo. Udoti owodwa uqukethe kusuka ku-2-3 kuye ku-8 amawundlu. Amathole azalwa enezinwele ezimhlophe qwa futhi angaboni nhlobo. Ama-ferrets amancane akhula ngokushesha okukhulu ngokudla ubisi lomama. Cishe inenyanga eyodwa ubudala, ama-ferrets aqala ukudla inyama.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Imidlwane yeFerret inesazela esingokwemvelo sokulandela umzimba ohambayo. Amantshontsho, ngokushesha nje lapho eqala ukubambelela ngezidladla zawo, aqala ukulandela unina. Amajita akulungele ukukhwelwa eneminyaka engu-6-7 izinyanga.
Izitha zemvelo zama honiks
Isithombe: Ubukeka kanjani uHonorik
Izitha zemvelo zama-honics zifaka:
- izimpisi;
- izimpungushe;
- izimpungushe;
- i-lynx;
- izinja;
- amakati zasendle;
- izinyoka ezinkulu;
- izinkozi, oklebe, okhetshe nezinye izinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama.
I-Honoriki ziyizilwane eziqaphelayo futhi ezinamahloni, futhi kuyaqabukela ziwele ekubanjweni yizilwane ezizingelayo. Imvamisa, ama-ferrets amancane nezilwane ezindala, ezibuthakathaka baba yizisulu zezilwane ezizingelayo. Lezi zitha azizimbi kakhulu ngama-honiks asekhaya, noma kunjalo, ama-honics asekhaya avame ukuhlaselwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene.
Njenge:
- isifo sezilwane ezidla inyama;
- i-parvovirus enteritis;
- amarabi;
Izifo eziningi zingagwenywa ngokunikeza isilwane imijovo edingekayo, nokunikeza isilwane ukudla okufanele. Uma isilwane sigula, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane ozonikeza ukwelashwa okufanele. Akululeki ukwelapha isilwane uwedwa, ngoba lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile.
Ukuvimbela izifo, zama ukuqapha isilwane sakho, gwema ukuthintana nezilwane ezigulayo, uvame ukuhlanza ikheji futhi uvule negumbi lapho isilwane sikhona. Ama-Ferrets avame ukuthola amafuza, futhi ungasusa lezi zinambuzane ngamaconsi nangama-shampoo asetshenziselwa amakati. Ukuklwebheka okuncane nokuhuzuka akukubi izilwane, ziyaphola ngokushesha, udinga nje ukubuka ukuze isilonda singakhuli.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Honk yasekhaya
Eminyakeni yamaSoviet, ama-honiks akhuliswa endaweni yezwe lethu emapulazini wezilwane. Esikhathini sethu, ngenxa yobunzima bokuzalisa lezi zilwane, umsebenzi wokuzalisa ama-honics wamiswa. Okokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi ama-mink abe yizilwane eziyivelakancane kakhulu, futhi njengoba inani le-mink lisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulondolozwa kwabantu be-mink kunokufuya izilwane ezingavamile ezinama-ferrets ngenxa yokuhlolwa.
Okwesibili, ukuzalanisa ama-honiks akusizi ngalutho ngenxa yokuthi abesilisa abazalwa kulesi siphambano abakwazi ukuba nenzalo. Abesifazane bakhiqiza inzalo kusuka kuma-ferrets ajwayelekile, kepha inzalo ayizalwa njalo iphilile. I-Honoriki, empeleni, ingukuhlolwa okuphumelele ngokuphelele kwezazi zezilwane zaseSoviet. Ososayensi bathole i-hybrid enesikhumba esihle, esiyigugu. Ngeshwa, asikho isidingo sokuqhubeka nalokhu kuhlolwa.
Ezweni lanamuhla, lezi zilwane seziphelile, futhi abathengisi bavame ukuhlangana ngokudlulisa ama-ferrets ajwayelekile njenge-honikik, noma inhlanganisela yama-ferrets ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Isimo sezinhlobo zama-ferrets asehlathini nama-ferrets asekhaya asikhathazi. Isimo sezinhlobo zeMink siyizinhlobo ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. IHonoriki ayinaso isimo sokongiwa njengoba ziyizinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe. Ukugcina inani lama-ferrets neziminki, kuyadingeka ukumisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ezindaweni zemvelo zezilwane, ukudala izindawo ezivikelekile nokugcinwa ezindaweni ezihlala izilwane.
Honorik isilwane esihle esinoboya obuhle obuluhlaza. Ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle, zibona umnikazi futhi zisabela kahle ekuqeqeshweni. Kulula ukugcina ama-honiks ekhaya, kepha ukuthenga i-honikko yangempela akuyona into elula, ngoba zimbalwa kakhulu zalezi zilwane ezisele, futhi ukuzalanisa izilwane zalolu hlobo akukaze kwenziwe isikhathi eside.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01/19/2020
Usuku lokuvuselela: 03.10.2019 ngo-22: 44
