Kunezidalwa eziningi ezimangazayo, nezesabekayo emhlabeni. Lezi zamuva zingabikwa ngokuphepha emvukuzaneni enezinkanyezi, okuthi, uma kungenjalo kungakhonjwanga, ngokuqinisekile kufakwe ohlwini lwezilwane "ezimbi kakhulu" emhlabeni wethu. Imvukuzane ithole lesi sihloko ngenxa yekhala layo elingajwayelekile. kodwa ikhala lenkanyezi akuhehi kuphela ukubukeka kwayo okubabazekayo. Nakanjani udinga ukufunda kabanzi ngesilwane esinjalo!
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Zvezdnos
I-Zvezdnosov ibizwa nangokuthi amakhala ezinkanyezi. NgesiLatin, igama labo lizwakala njengeCondylura cristata. Ingenye yezinhlobo ezihluke kakhulu zezilwane ezincelisayo. U-Zvezdnos ungummeleli ogqamile womndeni wemvukuzane. Kulo mndeni wanikezwa umndeni omncane ohlukile, obizwa ngokuthi: umndeni omncane "amaMoles of the New World". Isinqumo sokuwuhlukanisa sibe ngumndeni ohlukile senziwa ngenxa yobukhona bezimpawu ezikhethekile zamakhala ezinkanyezi ezibahlukanisa namanye ama-moles.
Ividiyo: Zvezdnos
Lolu hlobo lwezimvukuzane luthanda izinqubo zamanzi, kepha umehluko omkhulu ezihlotsheni zabo eziseduze ngamakhala abo. Siqukethe ukukhula kwesikhumba okwenziwe ngezinkanyezi okungamashumi amabili nambili. Lokhu kumila kutholakala ngqo ebusweni besilwane futhi akubukeki kukhanga kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwekhala "elibi", imvukuzane enjalo ihlukaniswa yizinwele ezinzima nsundu, usayizi omncane uma uqhathaniswa - ubude benkala ekhaleni lenkanyezi imvamisa abudluli amasentimitha angamashumi amabili.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: I-Star-nosed akuyona imvukuzane ejwayelekile. Akagcini ngokuthanda ukuhamba ebusweni bomhlaba, kodwa futhi uthanda nokubhukuda emanzini. Futhi kuyamsiza kulobu boya obuqinile, obunomphumela wokuxosha amanzi.
Ukukhula okwenziwe ngezinkanyezi ebusweni balesi silwane kuhlukile. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ingabizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lokuthinta olubucayi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kunokuphela kwemizwa engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu kulesi sitho. Le nkomba iphindwe kahlanu kunenkomba yezwela yesandla somuntu! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhala elimise okwenkanyezi liyakwazi ukuhogela ngisho nangaphansi kwamanzi. Ukwenza lokhu, isilwane sikhulula amabhamuza emanzini, bese siwadonsela emuva. Ngokusho kososayensi, yilawa magwebu avumela imvukuzane ukuthi inuke isisulu esisemanzini.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani inkanyezi
Amakhala ezinkanyezi anezici eziningi ezihluke kakhulu zangaphandle:
- umzimba oqinile. Umzimba onekhala lezinkanyezi unomumo oyindilinga, ofana nomthethosisekelo wemvukuzane ejwayelekile. Ubude abudluli amasentimitha angamashumi amabili. Ikhanda livulekile, intamo imfushane kakhulu. Isisindo cishe amagremu ayisikhombisa;
- amehlo amancane, ukungabikho kwama-auricles. Njengawo wonke ama-moles, impumulo yenkanyezi inamehlo amancane. Amehlo abuthakathaka kakhulu. Izitho zombono zinxeshezelwa ngomuzwa othuthukile wokuthinta;
- ithuthukiswe imilenze yangaphambili. Umbhangqwana ongaphambili wezidladla zesilwane wenzelwe umsebenzi wokumba. Ngayo imvukuzane imba imigodi. Izinzwani ezinde ezinamazipho amakhulu zitholakala ezinzwaneni. Imilenze yangemuva ifana ngaphandle naleyo yangaphambili, kodwa ayithuthukisiwe kangako;
- umsila omude. Umsila walesi silwane ungaba ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili ubude. Imbozwe ngokuphelele ngezinwele ezinzima. Ebusika, umsila ugcina amafutha, ngakho-ke ubukhulu bawo bunyuka kancane;
- ingubo eminyene, engangeni manzi, nesilika. Umbala wayo umnyama - kusuka konsundu kuya komnyama;
- ikhala elingavamile. Lesi yisici esiyisisekelo kunazo zonke lapho ungahlukanisa khona imvukuzane enezinkanyezi emvukuzaneni evamile. Inhlamba iqukethe ukukhula kwesikhumba okungamashumi amabili nambili. Ukukhula okunjalo akweqi ngamamilimitha amane ngobude. Zineziphetho eziningi zemizwa ezisiza isilwane ukubona isisulu.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Indlela yokuphila eyenzeka kakhulu ngaphansi komhlaba inciphise ama-moles wokubona. Amehlo ezilwane ezinjalo athuthukile. Kodwa-ke, izinkanyezi zinenhlanhla kakhulu kunezihlobo zazo eziseduze. Banekhala elingavumi kakhulu elibavumela ukuthi bathole imininingwane edingekayo evela ngaphandle.
Ihlala kuphi inkanyezi-ikhala?
Isithombe: I-Star-nosed eNyakatho Melika
Abantu abanezinkanyezi benza izimfuno ezithile endaweni yabo yokuhlala. Ngokungafani nezinye izinsumpa, lezi zilwane azihambi ngendlela yokuphila engaphansi komhlaba kuphela. Zivame ukubonakala phansi ngisho nasemanzini. Ngalesi sizathu, izilwane zikhetha ukuhlala eduze nedamu. Babeka nezindlu zabo lapho. Izindlu ziyi-system eyindida kakhulu yamaphaseji anamakhamera amaningana, ukungena nokuphuma. Okunye kokuphuma kuvame ukuholela ngqo emanzini.
Futhi izimo zezulu zibaluleke kakhulu kubo. Abantu abanezinkanyezi bakhetha izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu. Ensimini yendawo yabo yemvelo, bahlala emadlelweni manzi, emaxhaphozini nasogwini. Ehlathini noma emathafeni omile, isilwane esinjalo asitholakali. Izindawo ezinezinkanyezi ziyazigwema izindawo ezinjalo.
I-Star-nosed iyimvukuzane yaseMelika. Kusakazeke kuphela ensimini Yezwe Elisha. Indawo ehlala kuyo ihlanganisa lonke ugu olusempumalanga ye-United States, Canada. Indawo yokuhlala kwesilwane nayo ifinyelela entshonalanga - emaLwandle Omkhulu. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu iqiniso lokuthi amakhala enkanyezi eningizimu nasenyakatho ahlukile komunye nomunye. Izilwane zaseningizimu zincane, ezasenyakatho zinkulu. Ngalesi sizathu, ososayensi bathole izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi komhlaba: enyakatho, eningizimu.
Manje uyazi lapho inkanyezi-ikhala itholakala khona. Ake sibone ukuthi sidlani lesi silwane esingajwayelekile.
Idla ngani ikhala lenkanyezi?
Isithombe: Inkanyezi kaMole
Ama-moles anekhala lezinkanyezi yizimvukuzane ezisebenza kakhulu, nakho okuyisici sabo esivelayo kwezinye izihlobo. Bachitha cishe usuku lonke befuna ukudla, okusunduzwa ukuminza kwabo kwemvelo. Izilwane zifuna ukudla yonke indawo: emanzini, ebusweni bomhlaba nangaphansi kwawo. Bahlala bemba imigudu befuna ukudla. Ngosuku olulodwa, impumulo yenkanyezi yenza cishe uhambo oluyisithupha lokuzingela. Isikhathi esisele, isilwane simatasa sigaya ukudla futhi siphumule.
Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-starfish kufaka:
- izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans, ama-molluscs;
- izikelemu zomhlaba;
- ezinye izinambuzane, izibungu zazo;
- amagundane amancane, amasele.
Ukudla nenani lokudla okudliwayo akuxhomekile kuphela kubukhulu besilwane, indawo esihlala kuyo, kodwa futhi nasesizini. Ngakho-ke, ukuminza kubonakaliswa kakhulu ngenkathi yasehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, imvukuzane ingadla ukudla okuningi ngosuku njengoba inesisindo sayo. Ngezinye izikhathi zonyaka, ubukhulu bokuphakelayo abweqi amagremu angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, izilwane eziningi zisebenzisa izitho zokubona ukuthola inyamazane. Ama-moles anekhala lezinkanyezi azingela ngokuhlukile. Ikhala labo elibucayi elimise okwezinkanyezi liyabasiza ekutholeni ukudla. Ngamatende ekhaleni lakhe, uthola isisulu, bese esibamba ngokuqinile ngezidladla zangaphambili. Ukubamba kunamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yakhe, ikhala lenkanyezi laqashelwa njengenye yezilwane ezinekhono kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Imvukuzane enezinkanyezi
Ama-moles anekhala lezinkanyezi achitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ngaphansi komhlaba. Bona, njengezinye izihlobo, bemba imigudu. Lezi zilwane ziyazi ukuthi zakha kanjani ama-mazes anzima ngamakhamera amaningi. Izindunduma zobumba ezincane kuphela ezingadalula ubukhona bazo kule ndawo noma kuleyo nsimu. Emigodini eyinkimbinkimbi, izilwane zizenzela amakhamera amancane. Kwesinye sazo, zihlomisa imbobo yazo. Lapho, izilwane ezinezinkanyezi zifihla ezitheni, zibandakanya ukukhulisa inzalo.
Izilwane zimboza umgodi wazo ngamahlumela, utshani, izitshalo ezomile. Okunye ukuphuma komgodi kufanele kuye emthonjeni wamanzi, lapho labo abanezinkanyezi bethanda ukuchitha isikhathi sabo. Lolu hlobo lwezimvukuzane luvakashela ichibi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Zibhukuda kahle, zitshuza kahle. Ebusika, inkanyezi-ikhipha ingabonakala ngisho nangaphansi kweqhwa. Lezi zilwane azilali ebusuku. Ebusika, zibheka ukudla kwazo ngaphansi kweqhwa futhi zizingela ngenkuthalo izakhamuzi zasemanzini.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Amakhala ekhala ngezinkanyezi asiza izici zawo zokwakheka ukuba zisheshe ngaphansi kwamanzi. Zinemilenze eqinile, efana ne-spade nomsila omude. Ngezidladla zabo, bathinta ngokushesha amanzi, bese besebenzisa umsila njengephini lokuqondisa.
Ama-Star-snout alinganiselana kahle, izilwane zenhlalo. Imvamisa badala amakoloni amancane abahlala kuwo ngokuthula nangokuthula. Kodwa-ke, amakoloni avame ukuhlakazeka. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokukhwelana, abesilisa nabesifazane abayeki ukuxhumana kwabo, nakho okumangazayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile akujwayelekile kumalungu omndeni wemvukuzane.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Amantshontsho anezinkanyezi
I-Star-nosed ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi isidalwa esisodwa. Lezi zilwane zizithola zishade naye ekoloni, zishade naye, zikhulise izingane futhi ziqhubeke nokuxhumana kwazo. Ngisho nangaphandle kwenkathi yokukhwelana, abesifazane nabesilisa ababuqedi "ubuhlobo" bomndeni wabo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu ngamunye omdala "unenkululeko" yakhe. Umuntu ngamunye onekhala lenkanyezi unemigodi ehlukile, amakamelo okuphumula nawokuphila.
Isikhathi sokuhlangana kwalezi zimvukuzane senzeka kanye ngonyaka. Iwa entwasahlobo, kepha izinsuku eziqondile ziyehluka ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zendawo yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, enyakatho, inkathi yokukhwelana iqala ngoMeyi, naseningizimu - kusuka ngoMashi. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sithatha izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela. Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuhlala kuze kube yizinsuku ezingamashumi amane nanhlanu. Insikazi ithwala amawundlu amane ngasikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi inzalo ingafinyelela kubantwana abayisikhombisa ekukhulelweni okukodwa.
Inzalo yama-star-snout izalwa ingenakho ukuzivikela, inqunu ngokuphelele. Ekuqaleni, ikhala elingajwayelekile ngesimo senkanyezi esifubeni se-moles cishe alibonakali. Isici esihlukile sezinsana ezinezinkanyezi ukukhula kwazo ngokushesha. Imvuthu isivele ingahola impilo ezimele ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, izilwane zijwayela imvelo ngokugcwele, zishintshele ekudleni kwabantu abadala, futhi zihlole izindawo eziseduze ngenkuthalo.
Izitha zemvelo zenkanyezi ezikhala
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani inkanyezi
Amakhala ezinkanyezi awanakuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yendlela yabo yokuphila esebenzayo. Lezi zinhlobo, ngokungafani nabanye abamele imvukuzane, zichitha isikhathi sayo hhayi kuphela ngaphansi komhlaba. Izimpisi zezinkanyezi zihamba kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba, zitshuza futhi zibhukude emizimbeni yamanzi. Emhlabeni nasemanzini, lezi zilwane ezincane zisengozini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono ophansi "udlala" ngokumelene nezimvukuzane. Izilwane zimane zingaziboni izilwane ezizingelayo zisondela.
Izitha zemvelo eziyingozi kakhulu ze-starfish zifaka:
- izinyoni ezidla inyama. I-Zvezdorily iyisibiliboco esiyintandokazi sezikhova ezinkulu, izinkozi, oklebe, izikhova zokhozi, okhetshe;
- ama-martens, ama-skunks;
- ama-perches anomlomo omkhulu, amaxoxo amakhulu.
Izilwane ezidla ezinye zibamba futhi zidle ama-moles amancane lapho zingena phakathi kotshani, lapho ziya emanzini, noma zibhukuda emanzini. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, izilwane ezidlayo zazikujwayela ukuthola ama-star snout avela emakamelweni angaphansi komhlaba. Ungabiza futhi isitha semvelo sendoda enezinkanyezi. Abantu abavamile ukubulala lesi silwane, kodwa benza okubi ngenye indlela. Izindawo zokuhlala zabantu ziye zadiliza kakhulu indawo yemvelo yalezi zilwane. Kepha, ngenhlanhla, lokhu akuzange kuthinte inani eliphelele lama-star snout kangako.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Zvezdnos
Ama-star-snouts anendawo encane yemvelo. Kodwa-ke, izinombolo zabo zizinzile ngokuphelele. Lezi zilwane zinikezwe isikhundla sokukhathazeka okungenani. Izinhlobo ziningi. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi baqaphele ukwehla okuncane kwenani le-starfish. Lokhu kungenxa yethonya lezici eziningi.
Okokuqala, lezi zilwane azikwazi ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezizingelayo. Zidliwa izikhova, izikhova zokhozi, oheshe, oMartens nezinye izilwane ngenjabulo ekhethekile. Okwesibili, umthelela womuntu uthinta kabi inani labantu bezinhlobo. Ukulima komhlaba, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo kuholele ekwehleni kwendawo yemvelo.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: I-Zvezdorily yizimvukuzane ezibabazekayo. Baheha ukunaka ngokubukeka kwabo okungavamile, abathandi abangaphandle. Noma kunjalo, amakhala ezinkanyezi awathakazeli lokhu kuphela. Zibaluleke kakhulu kwisayensi. Ngosizo lwabo, kufundwa ubuqili emsebenzini wezinzwa.
Imvukuzane ekhalayo iyisilwane esiphephile. Ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa njengesinambuzane. Akulimazi ezolimo noma ezinye izindawo zokuphila komuntu. Isikhathi sokuphila sezimvukuzane ezinjalo sifushane ngokuqhathaniswa. Endle, izinkakha zezinkanyezi azihlali isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emine. Kuphela ekuthunjweni lapho isikhathi sokuphila sikhula sibe yiminyaka eyisikhombisa.
Inkanyezi-ikhala - isidalwa esiyingqayizivele nesesabekayo ngasikhathi sinye. Amakhala abo angajwayelekile anjengezinkanyezi abukeka engathandeki, kepha izakhiwo zawo ziyamangalisa ngesilinganiso sawo. Ama-moles anekhala lezinkanyezi ancipha kancane ngamanani, kepha inani elijwayelekile lesilwane alikasongelwa ngengozi enkulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 11/18/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/05/2019 ngo-21: 08
