I-Slug Ingabe i-mollusc yesigaba se-gastropod, lapho igobolondo lehliswa libe yipuleti langaphakathi noma umugqa we-granules noma lingekho ngokuphelele. Kunezinkulungwane zezinhlobo ze-slug ezingatholakala emhlabeni wonke. Amafomu ajwayelekile kakhulu ama-gastropods asolwandle afana nama-sea slugs neminenke.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Slug
Ama-Slugs angabeqembu elikhulu lezilwane - ama-gastropods. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingama-100,000 zama-molluscs futhi, ngaphandle kwama-gastropods, zonke ezinye izigaba impilo yasolwandle. Amafomu ajwayelekile kakhulu ama-gastropods asolwandle afana nama-sea slugs neminenke.
I-slug ngokuyisisekelo ngumnenke ongenagobolondo empeleni owavela kumnenke. Kuze kube namuhla, ama-slugs amaningi asenazo izinsalela zaleli gobolondo, elibizwa ngokuthi "ingubo," okuvamise ukuba yigobolondo langaphakathi. Izinhlobo eziningana zinegobolondo elincane elingaphandle.
Ividiyo: Slug
Ukulahleka kwegobolondo kungabonakala njengokunyakaza kokungaziphathi ngokuhlakanipha, njengoba kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuthile, kepha i-slug yayinecebo lobuqili. Uyabona, manje ingashibilika kalula ezikhaleni eziphakathi kwenhlabathi - into engenakwenzeka lapho uthwele igobolondo elinamandla emhlane wayo. Lokhu kuvula indawo entsha yabafileyo ukuze i-slug ihlale kuyo, umhlaba ophephile ezilwaneni ezidlayo eziningi ezisazingela iminenke.
I-slug ihamba ngokusebenzisa uhlobo "lwemilenze yemisipha", futhi njengoba imnene impela nomhlabathi ubheda, ikhipha amafinyila lapho ishibilika khona. Le mucus iyi-hygroscopic, okusho ukuthi imunca umswakama futhi iphumelela kakhulu. Lesi yisona sizathu esenza ama-slugs akhethe izimo ezimanzi, isidingo sokukhiqiza amafinyila ngokweqile esimweni sezulu esomile singadala ukoma.
Iqiniso Elimnandi: Imizila yamaSlime ingukuvumelana okuhle. I-slug ilahlekelwa ngamanzi emafinyini ayo, anciphisa ukusebenza kwayo ngobusuku obupholile, obumanzi noma izinsuku zemvula, kepha i-lubricant i-mucus idala ukonga amandla obekuzodingeka ngenye indlela ukunqoba ukungqubuzana.
Ama-slugs kufanele ahlale emanzi noma azokoma futhi afe. Lesi ngesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi basebenze kakhulu esimweni sezulu esimanzi. Lokhu kuchaza nokuthi kungani ikakhulu ziba sebusuku - ukugwema ukushisa kosuku. Ngokungafani neminenke, ama-slugs awanawo amagobolondo. Umzimba wabo wonke ungomlenze owodwa oqinile, onemisipha ohlanganiswe amafinyila, osiza ukunyakaza phansi futhi uvimbele ukulimala. AmaSlugs angazulazula ngokuphepha ematsheni nakwezinye izinto ezicijile, kufaka phakathi insingo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Slug ibukeka kanjani
Ama-Slugs angabukeka ebushelelezi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuyinkohliso - amanye ambozwe ngemigogodla ethambile. Enye yalezi zinhlobo yi-hedgehog slug, i-arion ephakathi. I-slug iyakwazi ukuthambisa umzimba wayo ime mpo futhi iyikhulise izikhathi ezingama-20 lapho idinga ukungena emigodini emincane.
I-slug inezimbili ezimbili zezinsika ezihoxiswayo ngaphezulu kwekhanda (zingafinyezwa). Izindawo zamehlo ezwela ukukhanya zitholakala ngaphezulu kwetende elide. Umuzwa wokuthinta nephunga utholakala ezintendeni ezifushane. Wonke amatende alahlekile angatholwa. I-slug inephaphu elilodwa kuphela. Kungumgodi omncane ohlangothini lwesokunene lomzimba. Ngaphezu kwamaphaphu, i-slug ingaphefumula ngesikhumba. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zama-slugs ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ubujamo nemibala.
Abayisikhombisa abadume kakhulu banokubukeka okulandelayo:
- i-Limax Maximus enkulu esimpunga noma yengwe inkulu kakhulu, ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20. Inemibala ehlukahlukene yempunga, enezintambo eziphaphathekile. Ingubo iphakanyisiwe ekhanda;
- i-slug enkulu emnyama i-Arion Ater nayo inkulu kakhulu, ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15.
- I-Budapest slug I-Tandonia budapestensis incane, ifika kumasentimitha ayi-6. Umbala uyehluka kusuka konsundu kuya kwimpunga; i-keel ende emuva emuva ivame ukuba lula kunomzimba wonke;
- i-slug ephuzi I-Limax flavus yobukhulu obumaphakathi, kuze kufike kumasentimitha ayi-9. Okuphuzi noma okuluhlaza ngokujwayelekile, okunamabhande aminyene aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- I-slug yensimu i-Arion Gortenis incane, ifinyelela kuma-cm 4. Inombala omnyama okwesibhakabhaka; ematheni onyawo kanye namafinyila aphuzi ngokusawolintshi;
- i-gray field slug Deroceras reticulatum incane, ifika kumasentimitha ama-5. Umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka kokhilimu ophaphathekile kuye kwempunga engcolile; i-pore yokuphefumula inomphetho ophaphathekile;
- i-slug enesheluli i-Testacella haliotidea iphakathi nendawo, ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-8. Umbala - uphuzi onsundu ngokukhanyayo. Ukuncipha ekhanda kunasemsileni, ngegobolondo elincane.
Iqiniso Elimnandi: Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-slugs anomzimba othambile, anamazinyo aqinile futhi aqinile. Ngayinye inembobo yomlomo equkethe amazinyo amancane afinyelela ku-100 000 ku-radula noma olimini.
Ihlala kuphi i-slug?
Isithombe: I-slug Ephuzi
Ama-Slugs kufanele ahlale ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezimnyama noma ezindlini. Imizimba yabo imanzi, kepha iyoma uma ingenayo indawo emanzi. Ama-Slugs ajwayele ukutholakala ezindaweni ezidalwe ngabantu, njengezivande namashedi. Zitholakala noma kuphi emhlabeni inqobo nje uma indawo yazo yokuhlala ihlala inomswakama futhi ipholile.
Cishe ujwayelene nezinhlobonhlobo zensimu yama-slugs neminenke, kepha ama-gastropods ahlukahlukene ukuze enze izindawo eziningi zeplanethi zibe ngamakholoni, kusukela emahlathini kuya ezingwadule nasezintabeni eziphakeme kuya emifuleni ejulile.
IBrithani yikhaya le-slug enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i-Limax cinereoniger. Kutholakala emahlathini aseningizimu nasentshonalanga, ufinyelela ku-30cm uma usukhule ngokugcwele. Kunezinhlobo ezingama-30 zama-slugs eBrithani, futhi ngokungafani nenkolelo evamile, iningi lazo lenza umonakalo omncane ensimini. Ezinye zazo zilusizo ngisho, ngoba zidla kakhulu ezimileni ezibolayo. Kunezinhlobo ezine kuphela ezenza wonke umonakalo, ngakho-ke kuhle ukufunda ukubona lawa ma-slugs ambalwa amabi.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Ngokungafani neminenke, ama-slugs awahlali emanzini amasha. Ama-slugs asolwandle aguquke ngokwahlukana, futhi alahlekelwa amagobolondo okhokho bawo.
Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-slug yasendle, zihlala phezulu, zingene ezitshalweni. Ezinye, njenge-slug yensimu, nazo zihlasela ngaphansi komhlaba, amazambane nama-tulip ama-bulb athandwa kakhulu.
Ama-slugs ashaqisayo angama-95% engadini ahlala engabonakali ngaphansi komhlaba, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, yingakho amasu wokulawula ukhokho ophelele ngokuphelele ethola ukuthandwa ngokushesha phakathi kwabalimi. Olunye lwezinhlobo zematode yisidlwana semvelo esiphila ngaphansi komhlaba.
Idlani i-slug?
Isithombe: Slug esivandeni
Ama-slugs angama-omnivorous, okusho ukuthi adla kuzo zombili izitshalo nezilwane. Ama-Slugs akakhethi futhi azodla cishe noma yini. Ama-Slugs asiza ukudiliza izinto lapho edla ukudla bese ekubuyisela enhlabathini.
Badla amaqabunga abolayo, izilwane ezifile, nanoma yini nje abangayithola emhlabeni. Ama-Slugs abaluleke kakhulu emvelweni ngoba abola izakhi zomzimba lapho ewadla nalapho ewabuyisela emvelweni, okusiza kakhulu ekwakheni inhlabathi enempilo.
I-slug ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi emihubheni epholile, enomswakama engaphansi komhlaba. Kubonakala ebusuku ukondla amaqabunga, amahlumela embewu, izimpande, nohlaza obolayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-slug zidla inyama. Ziphila ngokudla amanye ama-slugs nezikelemu zomhlaba.
Ama-Slugs, angaphansi kwesigaxa seminenke yamaphaphu, anemizimba ethambile, emincane futhi ngokuvamile agcinwa ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezisemhlabeni (uhlobo olulodwa lwamanzi ahlanzekile lwaziwa). Izinhlobo ezithile zama-slugs zilimaza izingadi. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ama-pulmonate slugs ajwayelekile avela emindenini yamahlathi, i-limacid, ne-phylomicide adla isikhunta namaqabunga abolayo. Ama-slugs omndeni odla utshani iVeronicelids atholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ama-slugs adla eminye iminenke nemisundu afaka phakathi ama-testacil avela eYurophu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Blue slug
Ama-Slugs aguqulelwa empilweni emhlabeni nasolwandle. Badlala indima ebalulekile emvelweni yemvelo, basuse izinto ezifile, ezibolile zezitshalo futhi basebenze njengomthombo obalulekile wokudla wezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane. Ezindaweni eziningi, ama-slugs ahlukaniswa njengezilokazane ngoba angalimaza kakhulu izitshalo nezitshalo zensimu.
I-Slime iyinhlanganisela engajwayelekile, ayinamanzi futhi ayiqinile. Kuba lukhuni lapho i-slug iphumule, kepha iyancipha lapho icindezelwa - ngamanye amagama, lapho i-slug iqala ukunyakaza. I-slug isebenzisa amakhemikhali asesilayidi ukuthola indlela eya ekhaya (umzila we-slime wenza kube lula ukuhamba ngawo). I-mucus eyomile ishiya umzila wesiliva. I-slug igwema isimo sezulu esishisayo ngoba ilahlekelwa kalula amanzi emzimbeni. Isebenza kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Ama-Slugs ahamba ezindaweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi amadwala, ukungcola nezinkuni, kepha bakhetha ukuhlala futhi bahambe ezindaweni ezimanzi ukuzivikela. Amafinyila akhiqizwa ama-slugs ayabasiza ukuthi bakhuphuke izingxenye eziqondile futhi bagcine ibhalansi. Ukuhamba kwama-slugs kuhamba kancane futhi kuhamba kancane njengoba kusebenza imisipha yabo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene futhi njalo kukhiqiza amafinyila.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Big slug
Ama-Slugs angama-hermaphrodites. Banesitho sangasese sowesilisa nowesifazane. I-slug ingazibandakanya nayo uma kudingeka, futhi bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa bangakhiqiza amaqoqo amaqanda amancane amapharele. I-slug ibeka amaqanda angama-20 kuye kwayi-100 ebusweni bomhlaba (imvamisa ngaphansi kwamaqabunga) amahlandla ambalwa ngonyaka. I-slug eyodwa ingakhiqiza izingane ezingafika kuma-90,000 empilweni. Isikhathi sokufukamela sincike ezimweni zezulu. Amaqanda kwesinye isikhathi ayaqandusela ngemuva kweminyaka ethile yokuphumula. I-slug ingaphila endle unyaka owodwa kuya kwengu-6. Abesifazane baphila isikhathi eside kunabesilisa.
Lapho kukhwelana, ama-slugs ahamba futhi asonte imizimba yawo ukusonga abalingani bawo. Ukuntuleka kwesakhiwo samathambo kuvumela ama-slugs ukuthi ahambe ngale ndlela, futhi angasebenzisa ngisho namafinyila ukulengisa eqabungeni noma otshanini ukuze ahlangane. Lapho abalingani ababili behlangana, ngamunye ushayela idada le-limestone (elibizwa ngokuthi i-love dart) odongeni lomzimba womunye ngamandla kangangokuthi lucwila ngokujulile ezithweni zangaphakathi zomunye.
Ukugwema izilwane ezidla ezinye, amanye ama-slugs ezihlahla ahlangana emoyeni, kanti umlingani ngamunye umiswa ngentambo enamathelayo. Ubulili obulandelayo bama-slugs bunqunywa ngumakhelwane wabo oseduze. Bahlala besilisa inqobo nje uma beseduze nowesifazane, kepha baphenduka babe ngabesifazane uma behlukanisiwe noma besondele kwenye indoda.
Izitha zemvelo zama-slugs
Isithombe: Slug ibukeka kanjani
Ama-Slugs anezidalwa ezahlukahlukene zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, izitha zabo ziyanyamalala ezindaweni eziningi. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani abantu be-slug bekhula ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi izidlakela ezisebenza kanzima zama-slugs yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane (ngokwesibonelo, amabhungane nezimpukane). Amabhungane amaningi nezibungu zawo zondla ikakhulukazi ama-slugs. Isibonelo, amabhungane omhlabathi athanda kakhulu ukudla ama-slugs. Futhi zingumthombo wokudla omkhulu wezibawu kanye namabhungane ombani.
AmaHedgehogs, amasele, izibankwa, nezinyoni zezingoma konke kudinga izinambuzane ukuze ziphile. Futhi bayizitha zemvelo zama-slugs, kepha abakwazi ukuphila ngokuzondla bona bodwa. Njengoba izinhlobo zezinambuzane zisengozini noma sezivele zingasekho ezindaweni eziningi, ama-slugs angahlala lapho ngokuthula. Ukwehla kwesibalo sezinambuzane sekuqale ukubhubhisa kakhulu selokhu kwangeniswa izibulala-zinambuzane zokufakelwa kwezolimo nokulima.
Kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane, ngoba uma kungenjalo usiza izitha zemvelo zama-slugs ukuthi zihlale engadini yakho. Futhi kuma-granules ama-slugs kukhona izibulala-zinambuzane - okuthiwa ama-molluscicides, angalimazi ama-slugs neminenke kuphela, kepha nezilwane zazo ezidla imvelo.
Ngakho-ke, izitha zemvelo zama-slugs yilezi:
- amabhungane omhlabathi;
- ama-hedgehogs;
- ama-centipedes;
- amasele;
- okusha;
- amaxoxo;
- izibankwa;
- ingwe slugs;
- Iminenke yamaRoma;
- izibungu;
- izibhamu;
- imvukuzane;
- izibawu;
- izinyoka;
- possums.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Slug
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zama-slugs e-UK. Iningi labo abadla inyama, kepha abanye badla inyama. Inani lama-slug liyanda ngesikhathi semvula nasezingadini eziniselwa kahle. Ingadi ejwayelekile imvamisa iqukethe ama-slugs afinyelela kuma-20 000, futhi lawa ma-gastropods abekela amaqanda afinyelela kuma-200 ngemitha ngalinye elilodwa. Ukwehla kwenani lezilwane eziningi ezidla ama-slug, njengama-amphibians nama-hedgehogs, nakho kube nesandla ekwandiseni amanani abantu.
Ngenkathi izidumbu ezibalulekile ezinjengama-amphibian zingabeka amaqanda kanye ngonyaka, ama-slugs awakhawulelwe kangako. Kuhlanganiswe neqiniso lokuthi ama-slugs nawo afinyelela usayizi ogcwele phambilini kunakuqala, abalimi bamane abakutholi ukuphumula futhi badinga izixazululo zokuphatha ezintsha zokulwa nalezi zinhlobo.
Ukuthuthwa kwama-slugs okwenziwa ngaphakathi kwamazwe kuvamile ngenxa yokuhlangana kwezinhlobo zenhlabathi. Zingathuthwa ngezitshalo ezinamanzi, imifino egciniwe neminye imikhiqizo, izinto zokupakisha ezenziwe ngokhuni (amabhokisi, amakesi, amapeleti, ikakhulukazi lawo axhumene nenhlabathi), imishini yezolimo neyezempi engcolisiwe. Ukwakhiwa kwalezi zinhlobo njengokuza ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-19, okusobala ukuthi kuhlobene nokuhweba kwasekuqaleni nokwakhiwa kwabantu baseYurophu, kungubufakazi bokuthi ama-slugs alethwa ezifundeni ezintsha.
Ama-Slugs asemaqenjini ezilwane okuthiwa ama-molluscs. I-Slug Isilwane esingenayo igobolondo langaphandle. Inkulu, inesihlangu sejazi esimise okwehhashi esimboze kuphela ingxenye yangaphakathi yomzimba, iqukethe imvilophu eyindilinga eyindilinga eyindilinga. Ama-Slugs abaluleke kakhulu ku-ecosystem. Zondla zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izibungu, izinambuzane futhi ziyingxenye yemvelo esele.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/15/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-13: 59
