Kumgogodla wayo i-zebrafish rerio iyinhlanzi yamanzi angenasawoti yomndeni we-carp. Kepha namuhla lolu hlobo lukhuliswa ikakhulu ezimweni zokufakelwa. Le yinhlanzi edumile phakathi kwama-aquarists ngakho-ke kungenzeka ikakhulukazi ukuthola izinkomba kuyo kulokhu kuchazwa. Yize le kuyinhlanzi engathobekile okufanele uyinakekele, kusamele ugxile emithethweni eyisisekelo yokuyinakekela.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Danio
I-zebrafish yachazwa okokuqala emuva ngo-1822. Kepha eRussia, abathandi be-aquarium bambona kuphela ngo-1905. Kepha behluleka ukuzala lolu hlobo. Yaphinde yangeniswa endaweni ye-USSR kuphela ngo-1950. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezingaphansi. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezinhlanzini. Lokhu kubonakala kuzici zabo zangaphandle nokushintsha kombala.
Ividiyo: UDanio
Namuhla, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezincane ezinjalo ze-zebrafish:
- rerio. Izinhlanzi ezivame kakhulu ze-aquarium, lapho imivimbo emnyama nephuzi ishintshana ngombala;
- ingwe. Abanye bazama ukuhlukanisa le nhlanzi engamasentimitha ama-5 njengama-subspecies ahlukile. Eqinisweni, lokhu kungumphumela wokukhethwa kuphela futhi izinhlobo ezinjalo azikho emvelweni;
- okusamathunduluka. Imivimbo yomthunzi omnyama kusizinda se-cherry iyisici esivelele sommeleli walezi zinhlobo;
- iparele. Imvamisa ihlala ezinhlanzini zombala ohlukile. I-zebrafish yale subspecies ihlukaniswa ngumthunzi wayo osobala, ophenduka ngokushelela ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokugqamile emsileni womzimba;
- i-chopra. Enye ye-zebrafish encane kunazo zonke - engekho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm, i-orange ekhanyayo enombala obomvu.
Zingeniswe zivela e-Asia, lezi zinhlanzi sezimpande emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Ngendlela, ngokumelene nesizinda sokuzalisa okusebenzayo nokuzalanisa, inani lama-subspecies landa njalo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani i-zebrafish
UDanio wehlukaniswa ukubukeka kwabo okuhle nosayizi omncane. Kungenxa yombala wayo ogqamile nazo zonke izinhlobo zemibala okwenza ukuthi le nhlanzi ibathande kakhulu abasemanzini. Ngenxa yokuzalanisa iziphambano, sikwazi ukufeza inqwaba yemibala ehlukahlukene eyinqaba engapheli ukumangala. E-aquarium, ubukhulu bezinhlanzi bungu-3-5 cm, kanti ngokwemvelo bufinyelela ku-5-7 cm.Umzimba wezinhlanzi uvulekile, uncane kakhulu, ikhanda liyacaca, ikhala liphakanyisiwe.
Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu salolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ukuba khona kwemivimbo enwetshiwe emzimbeni wonke - ziyacwebezela kahle ngokukhanya okukhanyayo. Umbala wesikali nomthunzi wemivimbo kuxhomeke ngqo ekutheni i-zebrafish ingeyiphi i-subspecies. Izinhlanzi zesifazane zinkulu futhi zinesisu esiyindilinga. Lo mehluko ubonakala kuphela kubantu abadala - intsha ngaphandle ayihlukile nganoma iyiphi indlela komunye nomunye. I-Caudal fin ayifakwanga kakhulu. Kwabanye abameleli bezinhlobo, umzimba ubala, izikali zine-ebb ethile ehlukanisa izinhlobo zezilwane komunye nomunye.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoNgaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-zebrafish inkulu. E-aquarium, noma ngabe kugcinwa ngokuphelele izinga lokushisa nezinye izimo, zikhula kancane. Isibonelo, emvelweni inhlanzi ingafinyelela ku-7-8 cm ubude.
Ihlala kuphi i-zebrafish?
Isithombe: zebrafish
I-India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan - lezi yizindawo lapho i-zebrafish exotic ihlala khona emifuleni nasemifuleni. I-Western India yindawo yokuzalwa kwale nhlanzi emangalisayo. Futhi, ezinye izindawo zaseBhutan nazo zibhekwa njengezwe le-zebrafish. I-Leopard Danio iza kithi hhayi e-India kuphela, kodwa naseSumatra. Inhlanzi ithanda ukuhlala kuphela emanzini afudumele. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo eyavela kuyo. Azikho izimo ezibandayo nezinguquko ezinamandla ekushiseni kwamanzi.
Namuhla, i-zebrafish iya ngokuya itholakale ezindaweni zangasese ezizimele ezivela kubathandi bezinhlanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Le yinhlanzi engabizi futhi engathobekile, yingakho i-zebrafish ithandwa kakhulu. Ungayigcina ezingeni lokushisa elifanayo njengokujwayelekile izinkemba noma ama-guppies. Ngokwemvelo, i-zebrafish ihlala emifuleni nasemachibini nasemiseleni. Izinhlanzi zithanda ikakhulukazi izindawo ezinemisinga esheshayo.
Isizini nayo ingaba nomthelela okhethekile endaweni ehlala ama-zebrafish. Isibonelo, ngenkathi yezimvula, le nhlanzi itholakala ngisho nasemachibini amasimu elayisi, avame ukuba nezikhukhula ngaleso sikhathi. Lapho, izinhlanzi ziyazala, futhi zondla ngenkuthalo. Ngendlela, kungalesi sikhathi lapho i-zebrafish ingadla khona imbewu, i-zooplankton, yize ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile zikhetha ukudla kwezilwane.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yemvula, i-zebrafish ibuyela endaweni yayo ejwayelekile - imifula neminye imizimba emikhulu yamanzi. Ama-Zebrafish ahlala womabili aseduze kobuso bechibi kanye naphakathi kobukhulu bamanzi. Abayi ezansi. Uma okuthile kuthuse inhlanzi noma izingela ngenkuthalo, ingagxuma iphume emanzini, kepha hhayi kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: UDanio uzwana kahle ezimweni zemvelo nezokufakelwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezithanda ukuthula (i-catfish, i-scalar, encane, i-terence). Into esemqoka ukugcina okungenani izinhlanzi ezi-5 e-aquarium. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-zebrafish ijwayele ukuhlala emhlambini ngakho-ke izobhoreka yodwa. Ngendlela, ngokwesikhala, azidingi nhlobo. Ngisho ne-aquarium encane kunazo zonke yale nhlanzi izokwanela, yize ihamba.
Idlani i-zebrafish?
Isithombe: i-zebrafish yesifazane
Kunoma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo, umsoco ubaluleke kakhulu. Kufanele iphelele futhi ilinganiselwe. AmaPisces awahlukile. Yize i-zebrafish ingathobeki kakhulu njengenhlanzi yase-aquarium futhi oqalayo angayiphatha kalula, kusabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bathola inani elanele lezinto zokulandela umkhondo namavithamini. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukukhetha ukudla okomile okusezingeni eliphakeme. Kepha ukungakunaki kwakha futhi kuphile ukudla.
Akunzima futhi ukukuthola ezitolo ezijwayelekile zezilwane ezifuywayo. Yize i-zebrafish ingaphila ngokudla okomile impilo yayo yonke ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kulokhu inhlanzi ikhula kancane kakhulu, iphila kancane. Isizathu ukwehla kokuzivikela komzimba futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuthambekela okuphezulu ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-zebrafish akuzona izinhlanzi ezingezansi, ngakho-ke zingadla kuphela ukudla okuvela ebusweni bamanzi noma ukushuba kwawo. Ngalesi sizathu, akufanele unikeze inhlanzi ukudla okuningi - uma icwila phansi, i-zebrafish ngeke ikudle.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-zebrafish izondla ngezinto ezincane eziphilayo. Konke lokhu kungatholakala kalula ezitolo ukujabulisa izinhlanzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izinhlanzi zikuthola konke lokhu kukholamu lamanzi noma ziqoqwe ngaphezulu. Ngendlela, inhlanzi iyasebenza kakhulu - ingagxuma iphume emanzini futhi ibambe izinambuzane ezindizayo. Inothi kuma-aquarists: Ngalesi sizathu, ama-aquariums ahlanganiswa kakhulu. IZebrafish ayinandaba nakancane nokutshala ukudla, ngakho-ke ngeke badle ulwelwe noma kunjalo. Ukuphela kwento imvelo ethanda ukuyidla i-zebrafish yizinhlamvu zezitshalo ezivame ukuwela emanzini.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: UDanio ujwayele ukukhuluphala ngakho-ke okungenani kanye ngesonto badinga usuku lokuzila. Isizathu ukuthi ngisho nasemanzini amakhulu amakhulu, abakwazi ukuhola impilo esebenzayo njengasemvelweni.
Manje uyazi ukuthi uzondla kanjani i-zebrafish. Ake sibone ukuthi bahlala kanjani endle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Danio rerio
UDanio uyinhlanzi ejabule, esebenzayo. Zihamba njalo. E-aquarium, noma ngabe incane kangakanani, bayaqhubeka nokudlala ngokuhlanganyela. Ezimweni zemvelo, bakhetha ukuhlangana ngamaqembu amakhulu (okungenani izinhlanzi eziyi-10 zihambisana njalo). Ngesikhathi somdlalo, abesilisa bayahlangana ngaso sonke isikhathi.
UDanio akakwazi ukuhlukaniswa njengenhlanzi edlayo. Akuvamile ukuthi bahlasele abanye abamele umhlaba wasemanzini, noma behamba ngamaqembu amakhulu. Ngendlela, abamele lolu hlobo bahlala kuphela ngamaqembu amakhulu. Babodwa, abalokothi banyakaze, ingasaphathwa eyokuzama ukuzingela. Abanaso isivikelo nhlobo ngakho-ke basengozini enkulu engcupheni yangaphandle. Isikhali sabo kuphela isivinini esikhulu sokuhamba.
Izinhlanzi ziyasebenza kakhulu futhi ziyajabula. Kungakho bathandwa kakhulu ngama-aquarists. Ukubuka izinhlanga nemidlalo yabo kuyintokozo. Ngendlela, izinhlanzi azinalo ulaka kuphela kubantu nakwabanye abamele umhlaba wamanzi. Phakathi kwabo, kwesinye isikhathi bangancintisana kakhulu. Umhlambi ngamunye unesigaba sobukhosi esicacile. Isekelwa “ngabaholi” bayo ngesitayela esifanayo sokuziphatha esinolaka, esingasekelwa ngisho ukulunywa. Ngendlela, isigaba sabaphathi singalandelwa ngokwehlukana phakathi kwabesilisa naphakathi kwabesifazane.
Isikhathi sokuphila senhlanzi asiside kakhulu: emvelweni imvamisa asikho ngaphezu konyaka owodwa. E-aquarium, ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo, iminyaka ingafinyelela eminyakeni emi-3. Iminyaka yobudala bezinhlanzi zasolwandle erekhodwe yiminyaka engu-5.5. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho kugcinwa kukodwa, impilo kaDanio incipha kakhulu, njengoba inhlanzi ingaphansi kwengcindezi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kuma-aquariums, i-zebrafish ivame ukukhetha ukuhlala eduze kwesihlungi, lapho kunokugeleza okunamandla kakhudlwana kwamanzi. Isizathu silula: ezimweni zemvelo, i-zebrafish ihlala emifuleni egeleza ngokushesha, ngakho-ke imane isetshenziselwe umsinga omkhulu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-aquarium zebrafish
I-zebrafish ifinyelela ebusheni ngezinyanga ezi-5-7. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlanzi zingaya lapho zizalela khona. Ngenxa yobude besikhathi sokuphila, i-zebrafish ayiphuthelwa isikhathi sokuzala. Ngendlela, emvelweni ingazala masonto onke cishe. Ngo-Ephreli-Agasti isikhathi semvula. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-zebrafish ingazala cishe nsuku zonke.
Azinikezeli ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwenzalo. Uma ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zingathutha zibekele amaqanda (ngokwesibonelo, ama-salmonids), ngemuva kwalokho, kanye nefry, babuyela endaweni yabo yokuhlala, ngakho-ke akunjalo. i-zebrafish ayihambi ibanga elide kakhulu ukubeka amaqanda. Konke kwenzeka kaningi, kube lula futhi kusheshe.
Amafry, esechanyuselwe, aqala ngokushesha ukubhukuda mahhala. Noma yikuphi ukuhambisana kwenzalo yalezi zinhlanzi akunikeziwe. Insikazi ibeka amaqanda endaweni engezansi noma enodaka, kuthi emva kwalokho kuvundiswe owesilisa. Ngendlela, i-zebrafish ilungele ukuwela. Yingakho lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa ngenqubo yocwaningo lwe-embryological. Ngesikhathi esisodwa nje, insikazi izalela amaqanda angama-50 kuya kwangama-400. Azinambala, cishe ububanzi obungu-1 mm. I-fry ichamisela cishe u-3 mm ubude.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Lapho ama-zebrafish Fry esanda kuzalwa, onke angabantu besifazane futhi ahlukahluka ngokocansi cishe emavikini angama-5-7. Ngendlela, kuyathakazelisa nokuthi ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yokuphakelayo kuthinta ngqo ukwahlukana okulandelayo ngokocansi. Lezo zinhlanzi ezikhula kancane ngentshiseko, ngokuzayo, zivame ukuba ngabesilisa.
Kuma-aquariums kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaqanda agcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile kuze kube yilapho kuzalwa gazinga. Ukwenza lokhu, insikazi kufanele iqale idale isikhala esanele sokuzala. Njengomthetho, isihlabathi sithululelwa ezansi salokhu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoNgokushesha emva kokuba owesifazane ezele amaqanda, kungcono ukutshala ngaphansi kwezimo zokufakelwa. Amafry abe esedliswa ngokudla okuphilayo.
Izitha zemvelo zebrafish
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani i-zebrafish
Izitha eziyinhloko ze-zebrafish emvelweni bezilokhu ziyizinhlanzi ezidlayo. Bahlala bekulungele ukuzitika ngalezi zinhlanzi. Njengoba i-zebrafish incane ngosayizi, ivame ukugwinywa izingcezu eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokunembile ukuthambekela kwabo kokuqongelela emhlambini, kanye nombala okhanyayo - cishe akunakwenzeka ukungayiboni i-zebrafish esekholamu lamanzi. Ukuphela kwethemba ukunyakaza okusheshayo. Imvamisa bayakwazi ukumane baphume ngaphansi kwekhala lesitha.
Phakathi kwezinto eziyingozi kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwezitha zezinhlanzi: Phakathi kwazo zonke lezi zinhlanzi, zinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile kuphela eziyingozi kuma-zebrafish - aziphambani nezinye. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye, kukhona nezitha zezinyoni ngokwemvelo ze-zebrafish. Sikhuluma ngezindwandwe nangamadlozi. Njengoba inhlanzi ithanda ukungena emanzini angajulile noma ngisho nokuhlala emachibini asezindle, izinyoni eziningi zingazidla kalula.
Amadoda nawo asongela i-zebrafish, kepha kuphela ekudobeni ngenhloso yokuzala okulandelayo. Emanzini noma emachibini okufakelwa, angaphila ngokujwayelekile kuphela uma kungezwa izinhlanzi ezidlayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, azikho izinsongo ezithile kubo. Ngokuya ngezimo uqobo, inguquko ebukhali kuphela ekushiseni ingaba yingozi. Amanzi abandayo akamukelekile neze kwi-zebrafish.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: zebrafish
Kunzima kakhulu ukulinganisa inani eliqondile labantu be-zebrafish ngenxa yokuthi:
- inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi ligcinwa ekuthunjweni. Kunzima kakhulu ukubala ngisho nenani lazo;
- ama-zebrafish ajwayelekile emizimbeni eminingi yamanzi emhlabeni, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi ingahlala kuphi futhi mangaki;
- inhlanzi ingacasha ngisho nasemizimbeni emincane kakhulu yamanzi, okuvame ukungabhekwa lapho kucwaningwa.
Ngokwesilinganiso, inani lama-zebrafish libhekwa njengelikhulu kakhulu. Le nhlanzi ayithobeki kuphela uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-aquarium. Kepha uma sikhuluma ngezimo zemvelo zokuphila, khona-ke konke kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lapha - izinhlobo azikwazi ukuhlala kulezo zifunda lapho amanzi esepholile khona emazingeni okushisa abucayi. Yingakho i-geography yokwabiwa kwezinhlobo ingaphezu kokulinganiselwa.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-zebrafish isengozini enkulu ngakho-ke kufanele igcinwe ngokucophelela. Eqinisweni, lokhu akunjalo. Uhlobo alunakubizwa ngokuthi lusengozini. Yize ezimweni zemvelo kunezinsongo ezanele kwi-zebrafish, ngokujwayelekile, inani lezinhlanzi lisekelwa ngokuzifuya ezimweni zokufakelwa. Phakathi kwama-aquarists, i-zebrafish ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezidingo zabo eziphansi zokulungisa futhi nangenxa yezindleko eziphansi zenhlanzi uqobo. Yingakho ikhuliswa ngaphezu kokusebenza. Futhi akunzima ukulinda inzalo. Yingakho, noma ngabe kunciphile isibalo sabantu ezimweni zemvelo, lolu hlobo alunakubizwa ngokuthi oludinga ukuvikelwa.
Okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezihlanzekile ngqo. Isizathu ukuwela okusebenzayo nokuhlola. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, sekuvele kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Kungakho kubaluleke kangaka ukusebenzela ukugcina ukubukeka uqobo ngendlela yalo yoqobo. Muva nje, inhlanzi exotic esebenzayo i-zebrafish rerio esikhundleni salokho, kubukwa ngokwe-aquarium. Yize isaqhubeka nokuhlala ezimweni zemvelo, isabonwa njengokuhlobisa. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokubukeka kwayo okukhangayo nezidingo eziphansi kakhulu zezimo zokuboshwa.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/12/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 14.08.2019 ngo-22: 17
