Inhlanzi yedrako - uhlobo olungavamile noluyingozi. Kutholakala oLwandle Olumnyama, iMedithera kanye ne-Atlantic. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana, phakathi kwazo okukhona okwe-perch-like kanye nalezo ezifana nolwandle. Izinhlanzi zihluke kakhulu phakathi kwazo nangaphandle. Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi iGreat Sea Dragon iyinhlanzi enobuthi eyingozi kubo bobabili abadobi kanye nabavakashi. yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi wazi umehluko wayo omkhulu nendlela ophila ngayo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Dragon Fish
Udrako omkhulu wasolwandle ungowe-ray-finned (perch). Kepha okuncane (okuyinqwaba, okhetha ubudoda) kungama-subspecies ezinhlanzi zenaliti futhi kungokwasolwandle. Lezi zigaba ezimbili ezinkulu zamaDraconi ziyehluka cishe kuyo yonke into: kusuka ekubukekeni kuye ezicini zokuphila. Yize kunesici esivamile - zonke lezi zinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ividiyo: Inhlanzi Yenyoka
Sekukonke, izinhlobo eziyisi-9 eziyinhloko zihlukaniswa phakathi kwamadragoni. Ngasikhathi sinye, into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi nasezweni lanamuhla, lolu hlu lugcwaliswa ngezinhlobo ezintsha.Ubude bomzimba wezinhlanzi buhluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-55. Konke kuncike ekutheni luhlobo luni lukadrako.
Izinhlanzi zihamba kakhulu ebusuku. Izilo ezinkulu zihlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi zihlukaniswa njengezinhlanzi ezinobuthi. Ngokwabo, azikho izindlala emzimbeni kanti ubuthi busemeveni kuphela. Kukholelwa ukuthi ayibulali kubantu. Kepha kungavusa ukusabela okweqile nokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wenhliziyo.
Imithombo eminingi inikeza imininingwane yokuthi le ngenye yezinhlanzi zokuqala ezavela emhlabeni wethu. Ngendlela, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-dragons amancane aphakathi kwezinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu ezikhona emvelweni, kanti udrako omkhulu uvame ukwethusa ngokubukeka kwawo, yize kwabanye kufana ne-goby ejwayelekile kakhulu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani inhlanzi yedrako
Udrako wotshani ubhekwa njengomkhulu kunabo bonke abamele uhlobo - ungafinyelela ubude besigamu semitha. Iphinde ibhekwe njengeyona enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-subtypes olwandle. Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo ngokunembile siwumhlobiso womzimba omuhle.
Udrako wasolwandle onqabile ngezindlela eziningi ufana nolwandle lwakudala, i-rag-picker inombala ophawuleka kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho idabula phakathi kwekholomu yamanzi, ivame ukudideka ne-algae ejwayelekile. Impumulo ezacile, ikhanda elisicaba kanye nomzimba ovulekile yikho okuhlukanisa udrako omncane wasolwandle kuningi elijwayelekile.
Kuwo wonke umzimba ukuphuma okungajwayelekile okunesisekelo esincane futhi kukhula kancane kancane njengama-lobes. Zenzelwe kuphela ukuvikela izinhlanzi ezitheni, ngoba uma kungenjalo ayinalo ithuba - ijubane lokuhamba kwamadragoni asolwandle amancane alidluli ku-150 m / h.
Umbala kadrako omncane wehluke kakhulu. Okuphuzi nepinki kuyanqoba lapha, ngaphezulu kwawo kunamachashazi eparele. Imivimbo emincane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ehlelwe ime mpo, ihlobisa ingaphambili lomzimba wenhlanzi.
Udrako omkhulu awubukeki kangako ngokubukeka, kepha akumangalisi kangako. Umqhele omnyama onameva ungabonakala ekhanda lawo, kanye nemidlalo esifundeni se-gill arches. Inhloko yale nhlanzi inkulu ngomhlathi omkhulu, ogcwele amazinyo amancane. Amadevu amade atholakala emihlathini engezansi. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi inhlanzi yedrako inamehlo amakhulu kakhulu futhi azwakalayo. Ngaphandle kokuziphatha okunolaka okunjalo, ubukhulu bezinhlanzi abumangalisi kakhulu - ubude bomzimba bufinyelela ku-15-17 cm kuphela.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Udrako wasolwandle otshani unenqwaba yezinqubo emzimbeni wawo, ezihlukanisa nobuningi obujwayelekile futhi zenze zibukeke njengesidalwa esihle ukwedlula inhlanzi. Eqinisweni, lezi zinqubo azenzi noma imiphi imisebenzi - zenzelwe kuphela ukufihla.
Zihlalaphi izinhlanzi zedrako?
Isithombe: Udrako wezinhlanzi zasolwandle
Indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuncamelayo ngokwamanzi kuxhomeke ngqo kuhlobo luni lwedrako lolwandle olucatshangelwayo. Izilo ezibabayo nezinotshani, eziyizihlobo zolwandle, zithanda amanzi aseNingizimu naseNtshonalanga ye-Australia. Amanzi anethezekile kakhulu lapho ehlala khona amanzi okushisa okulingene aseduze nasogwini.
Udrako omkhulu wasolwandle uhlobo oluvame kakhulu emvelweni. Itholakala cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Okuhlukile yiNorth and South Poles. Indawo ethandwa kakhulu udrako yizindawo ezinesihlabathi. Kungakho iBulgaria iyindawo nje efanelekile yabo. Udrako angazizwa emuhle kakhulu emanzini ajulile nasogwini.
Ungahlangana futhi nalolu hlobo lwezinyoni zasolwandle oLwandle Olumnyama. Kepha amadragoni olwandle avame kakhulu asezindaweni ezishisayo. Lapho zingatholakala ekujuleni okungafika ku-1.5 km. Uma inhlanzi iya ezindaweni ezijule kakhulu, khona-ke izifushane kuphela. Isizathu ukuthi badinga ukuzingela, futhi lokhu kungenzeka kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho ungacasha khona ulinde inyamazane.
Ngenhlanzi yedrako, lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokugobhoza phansi enhlabathini enesihlabathi. Isiphetho: udrako udinga nje ukuhlala asondele ezansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungenziwa kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho kuhlala khona inqwaba yezisulu ezingaba khona ezansi. Udrako uyinhlanzi yasolwandle kuphela ngakho-ke akangeni emilonyeni yemifula, ngakho-ke akukho lutho olwesabayo.
Ngendlela, olwandle olunosawoti ophakeme ngokweqile emanzini, inceku nayo izizwa ingakhululekile. Ulwandle olunosawoti olulinganiselayo namanzi afudumele kubhekwa njengoluthandeka kakhulu ezinhlanzini. Ngasikhathi sinye, udrako uyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu esibi. Isibonelo, oLwandle Olumnyama, amanzi angabanda impela ebusika - lokhu akuvimbeli udrako omkhulu ekuzweleni ejwayelekile lapho.
Manje uyazi lapho inhlanzi yedrako itholakala khona. Ake sibone ukuthi udlani.
Zidlani izinhlanzi zedrako?
Isithombe: Inhlanzi yedrako oLwandle Olumnyama
Akunandaba zinhlobo, ama-dragons olwandle ayizilwane ezidlayo, ngakho-ke adla ezinye izilwane zasolwandle. AmaCrustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane kuyizisulu eziyinhloko zezilo zasolwandle. Ngasikhathi sinye, udrako omkhulu uhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ngakho-ke kuhlale kulula ngaye ukuthola ukudla. Njengoba ukubamba izinhlanzi kwesinye isikhathi kungaba nzima, ama-crustaceans asakha isisekelo sokudla kukadrako omkhulu wasolwandle. Kepha ekudleni kwesitshalo, ngokungafani nozakwabo wamakhambi, empeleni akadli.
Udrako omncane wasolwandle akanamazinyo ngakho-ke umane ugwinye isisulu sakhe. Ngokuvamile, le nhlanzi ithanda imfanzi, igwinya kuze kube yizinkulungwane ezintathu ngosuku. Angadla nezinhlanzi ezincane, ukumunca nje ukudla. Emanzini angajulile, udrako omncane naye angadla ulwelwe noma aqoqe imfucumfucu yokudla osebeni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukufa okubangelwa udrako wolwandle. Kulokhu, imbangela yokufa ukukhula kwenhliziyo. Ukushaqeka okubuhlungu nakho kuyingozi.
Njengoba ama-dragons ahlala emanzini afudumele, imvamisa akukho mikhawulo yokudla yonyaka. Kepha kubahlali bamanzi abandayo, imvelo ihlinzekele ukufuduka ngezikhathi ezithile endaweni efudumele yamanzi. Ngendlela, yize udrako omkhulu eshesha kakhulu kunencane, uncamela ukungayijahi inyamazane yayo cishe, kepha ukuthatha indawo yokulinda bese ubona ezansi echibini. Izikhathi ezingavamile kuphela lapho ama-dragons ezingela ezikoleni. Bathanda kakhulu ukuzingela bodwa.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Inhlanzi yedrako olwandle
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha kwamadragoni asolwandle kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi iziphi izinhlobo ezibhekwayo. Zonke izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo ziyizilwane ezidlayo, kepha kusekhona umehluko okhethekile wokuziphatha. Isibonelo, umehluko omkhulu ukuzingela abanye abamele ulwandle olujulile. Udrako omkhulu uchitha isikhathi sakhe esiningi efuna inyamazane, ehlezi ecathama elinde isisulu esilandelayo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, udrako olwandle oluncane alunabungozi futhi alunabungozi kubantu nakwezinye izinhlanzi eziningi. Yize futhi eyisilwane esidlayo, akakazingeli ngenkuthalo engaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla kwezitshalo kungafakwa ekudleni. Izilo elikhulu likhetha ukuphila impilo enesizungu, kuyilapho ama-dragons amancane ehlangana emhlambini.
Lezi zinhlobo zinento eyodwa ezifanayo - isifiso sokufihla ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ama-dragons amakhulu ethanda ukungcwaba esihlabathini, amancane-ke avele acashe kulwelwe. Ama-dragons we-Grass angahlangana ngobuciko nawo aze ahambe angabonwa isikhathi eside. Lapho udrako ezingela, imvamisa umane azingcwabele esihlabathini noma odakeni. Lapho angalinda nje isisulu sakhe.
Ngeshwa, ngenxa yalokhu, udrako angaba yingozi hhayi kuphela kwezinye izimpilo zasolwandle, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke kubantu. Noma ubona udrako wolwandle, kulula ukukuphambanisa ne-goby elula. Kepha kaningi kunalokho, udrako akamane abonwe emanzini. Lokhu kusongela ukuthi ungamane uyinyathele, ngokuphendula lapho inhlanzi iluma futhi ifake ushevu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Udrako wezinhlanzi oLwandle Olumnyama
Izilo zasolwandle ezincane zingabazali abamangalisa nje. Banakekela izingane zabo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bathatha ingxenye esebenzayo kakhulu kulokhu. Ngokungafani nozakwabo (ama-skate), ama-dragons amancane awanaso isikhwama lapho angathwala amaqanda ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Lapha, imvelo ihlinzekele uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe: amaqanda avundisiwe alungiswa ngokuvikelekile ngaphansi komsila wesilisa ngosizo loketshezi olukhethekile.
Owesifazane ubeka amaqanda abomvu acishe abe yi-120, abese evundiswa. Ngemuva kokulungisa ngababili babo, bayaxhumana ngenkuthalo, bahlele imidanso yokubhangqa, lapho izinhlanzi zisondelana futhi zishintshe umbala wazo ube okhanyayo. Lapho sekudlule amasonto angama-6-8, kuzazalwa amadragoni amancane.
Ngaphandle, zifana ngokuphelele nabazali bazo futhi akukho mehluko omkhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho bangakwazi ukuzihlalela ngokuphelele futhi bafinyelele ebusheni ngeminyaka emi-2. Ezimweni ezingavamile (cishe u-5%), izinhlanzi ziyaqhubeka nokuhlala nabazali bazo.
Udrako omkhulu wasolwandle uncamela ukuzala kuphela emanzini angajulile. Esikhathini sikaMeyi-Novemba, izinhlanzi ziya ngasogwini ukuze zizale. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthi ukusondela ngasogwini ngqo kuxhomeke kohlobo lwezinhlanzi. Isibonelo, udrako woLwandle Olumnyama awusondeli ngalesi sikhathi kulezo zindawo ezinokujula okungamamitha angama-20. Udrako omkhulu ubeka amaqanda akhe esihlabathini. Ngenxa yalokho, gazinga lizovela kubo.
Izitha zemvelo zenhlanzi yedrako
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi zikadrako ezinobuthi
Ngokwemvelo, izitha zama-dragons olwandle ziyizinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidlayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, empeleni kulula kakhulu ngodrako omkhulu ukuzivikela, ngenxa yameva nobuthi. Imikhomo yesidoda nezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu zivame ukuhlasela ama-dragons, ngokumane zigwinye kanye nezinye izinhlanzi.
Ngezikhathi ezithile amadragoni angaba isisulu sezilwane ezisondela ngasogwini lolwandle. Uma ubamba kahle bese udla izinhlanzi, ungazidla kalula ngazo, uzikhiphe phansi enhlabathini eyisihlabathi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Esinye sezitha ezinkulu zikadrako wolwandle ngumuntu. Ngaphandle kokuthi inhlanzi inobuthi, inyama yayo imnandi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma usika kahle inhlanzi, ungayidla ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo.
Izilo ezincane zasolwandle (izihlobo zama-skate) zisengozini enkulu kule ngozi. Imvamisa abantu bangalimaza izinhlanzi bengazi, bezama ukuyiphulula noma ukuyikhipha emanzini ukuze bayihlole kabanzi. Yingakho ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi kujeziswa kanzima ngaphansi komthetho wase-Australia.
Abanye abahlali bolwandle olujulile bayingozi kubo ngesizathu sokuthi amadragoni abhukuda kabi kakhulu futhi kancane. Futhi, ngokungafani nodrako omkhulu, azinabo ubuthi futhi azinazo izikhali ezingazivikela ngandlela-thile ekungeneleleni kwezinye izinhlanzi noma kwabantu. Yinye kuphela into engasindisa udrako ezinhlanzini ezidlayo - umbala wayo othize, osiza ukufihla kalula futhi ungabonakali.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani inhlanzi yedrako
Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlola ngokunembile inani lama-dragons olwandle. Mayelana nezilo ezinkulu, singasho ukuthi kukhona eziningi zazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani landa kakhulu minyaka yonke. Kepha lokhu akunakushiwo ngezincane. Inani labo labantu lincipha kancane kancane.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlola inani labo ngokucacile ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lokugcina imfihlo. Isibonelo, abatshuzi abaningi bakhononda ukuthi iminyaka engama-20-30 abakaze bakwazi ukubona udrako omncane wasolwandle, yingakho sebevele beqala ukuyithatha njengenganekwane nje.
Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zisanda kutholakala futhi cishe azifundiswanga. Kufanele futhi kunakwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamadragoni olwandle zihlala kuwo wonke amanzi oLwandlekazi Lomhlaba, ngakho-ke, akunakubalwa ngisho nangaphansi kwemibandela. Lokho wukuthi, maqondana nodrako omkhulu wasolwandle, isimo sohlobo oluthile siyasebenza, maqondana nokungekho ukwesaba. Kodwa udrako omncane usengozini yokuqothulwa.
Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu.:
- izimo zokuphila ezingezinhle;
- ukuthandwa ngokweqile phakathi kwabantu;
- ukuntuleka kokuvikelwa ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ngaphandle kozungu;
- ukunensa.
Yingakho ukubanjwa kwamadragoni amancane asolwandle kungavunyelwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, avikelekile ezingeni likahulumeni.
Unogada wenhlanzi yedrako
Isithombe: Inhlanzi yedrako evela eBhuku eliBomvu
Amanye ama-subspecies ale nhlanzi eyisimangaliso abhalwe kuRed Book. Ikakhulu, lokhu kusebenza kudrako wolwandle onqabayo. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yentshisekelo ekhonjiswe ngama-aquarists, okuthi, ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okuhle, akhethe ukuthola izinhlanzi emaqoqweni awo angasese.
Ngalesi sizinda, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lwalubanjwa ngenkuthalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, okwamanje, isidingo sesinyamalele, ngoba kungenzeka ukufuya izinhlanzi ngokungeyikho, ukuthola abantu abadingekayo kumaqoqo azimele. Ukuvikelwa okwandisiwe kuyadingeka ezinhlotsheni kunalokho ngenxa yokushoda kolwazi. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, ezinye izinhlobo zamadragoni namanje azaziwa ngokuphelele emhlabeni. Isibonelo, muva nje (ngo-2015) kwatholakala uhlobo olusha - iRed Dragon, etholakala ngasogwini lwase-Australia.
Ngaphambi kwalokho, wayengahlangatshezwanga nhlobo noma wabizwa ngamadragoni anqabile. Lezi zinhlobo zivikelwe ngenkuthalo namuhla ngenxa yokuthi udrako obomvu ube yinto yokufiswa ngabaqoqi abaningi. Uma sikhuluma ngodrako omkhulu wasolwandle, khona-ke akukho lutho olungesatshwayo. Inani labantu alihlelanga nje, kepha liyanda. Ngokwezibalo ezilinganiswayo, inani likadrako omkhulu oLwandle Olumnyama belikhuphuke kakhulu muva nje.
Lo mkhuba ubonakala ikakhulukazi ngasogwini lwaseBulgaria. Ngokwesilinganiso, eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani likadrako omkhulu likhule cishe izikhathi ezi-5, nokwethusa abadobi. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kubangelwa ukuthambekela okujwayelekile kokuya kwesimo sezulu esifudumele. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, izinhlanzi zizala kakhulu futhi ziphila isikhathi eside. Kungakho umuntu ngokuqinisekile engafanele esabe ngenombolo yamadragoni amakhulu emvelweni. Yize inyama yedrako yasolwandle imnandi kakhulu, kungenxa yobunzima bokubamba le nhlanzi akuyona into ejwayelekile yokudoba.
Inhlanzi yedrako - inhlanzi eguquguqukayo, engahluka ngokubukeka nangendlela yokuphila, kuye ngohlobo okukhulunywa ngalo. Into esemqoka lapho ufunda le nhlanzi ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu hhayi okomzuzwana ukhohlwe ngameva ayo anobuthi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi abavakashi bahlole indawo abakuyo ukuze bangaweli ogibeni lukadrako omubi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/10/2019
Usuku lokubuyekeza: 09/29/2019 ngo-17: 53
