Ummeli ogqame kakhulu wama-arachnids - i-micromata iluhlaza okotshani yaba negama layo ngenxa yombala oluhlaza ogqamile ovikelayo. Lo mbala ukhuthazwa yinto ekhethekile ebizwa nge-bilan micromatabiline, etholakala oketshezini lwezicubu kanye ne-hemolymph ye-arachnid. Lona kuphela ummeleli womndeni wakwaSparassidae ongatholakala ezweni lethu. Futhi ngokungafani nabanye abamele lolu hlobo lohlobo, ziphephile kubantu.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: i-micromata eluhlaza
Isigaba sama-arachnids saqala eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-400 edlule. Kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu, ama-arachnids angakudala kakhulu. Izicabucabu zizivumelanisa kalula nezimo zemvelo ezishintshayo futhi ziguquka kalula. Zanda ngokushesha futhi ziphila isikhathi eside impela.
Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa ama-arachnids yiwebhu abakwaziyo ukuluka. Ezinye izicabucabu zisebenzisa iwebhu njengogibe, ezinye ziyisebenzisela ukunyakaza, ukugcina ukudla. Futhi izicabucabu eziningi zibekela amaqanda kuwebhu ukuze zilondoloze inzalo yazo.
Ividiyo: I-Micromata iluhlaza
I-Micrommata virescens noma i-micromata green ingeyehlobo lwe-Micrommata, umndeni wakwa-Sparassidae, lo mndeni uhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-1090 zama-arachnids, ahlanganiswe aba yisizukulwane sama-83. Lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi i-Huntsman spider, elihumusha ngokuthi "Hunter". Bonke abamele lo mndeni bayizidlakela ezisheshayo neziyingozi.
Bazingela izisulu zabo ngaphandle kosizo lwewebhu, behlasela futhi balume isisulu. IMicromata ingeqembu le-crab spider. Lezi zigcawu zathola leli gama ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile semilenze, nokuhamba okungajwayelekile njengokuhamba kwenkalankala. Isicabucabu sihamba sengathi sihamba eceleni.
Ngokokuqala ngqa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwachazwa yisazi semvelo esivela eSweden uKarl Clerk emuva ngonyaka we-1957. Wanikeza lolu hlobo igama elithi Micrommata virescens. Futhi, kwashicilelwa i-athikili eningiliziwe mayelana nalezi zinhlobo eKosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas ngusosayensi wezilwane nodumile uHeiko Bellman.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Spider micromata greenish
I-Micrommata virescens yizicabucabu ezincane ezingaba ngu-10 mm ngosayizi, abesifazane balezi zilwane bakhudlwana, ubukhulu bazo bungaba ngu-12-15 mm ubude. Lezi zigcawu zinombala oluhlaza ogqamile ogqamile, ozisizayo ukuba zicashe kahle ngesikhathi sokuzingela futhi zingabonakali ngokuphelele.
Umzimba wesicabucabu uqukethe i-cephalothorax nezitho ezinamandla eziyi-8. Isicabucabu sinamehlo ayisishiyagalombili ekhanda laso, esinikeza umbono obanzi. Umugqa obomvu uphawulwe esiswini sabesilisa, imivimbo eminingana ephuzi ihlangana nawo. Ezinhlangothini zabesilisa, ungabona futhi imivimbo eminingana yombala obomvu ogqamile.
Izicabucabu ezisencane nazo zinombala oluhlaza okotshani, kepha eduze nasekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, umbala wesicabucabu ushintsha ube nsundu ophuzi, onamachashazi abomvu. IMicromata yisihlobo esikhulu sama-tomozides, futhi icishe ifane kakhulu nabo esakhiweni somzimba wayo. Yize ukubazingela.
Izitho zalolu hlobo lwesicabucabu zinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Isicabucabu sinezimbili ezimbili zezingalo zangaphambili, ezinde kakhulu kunezingemuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, izicabucabu zinendlela eyinqaba.
Yize izicabucabu zibukeka zicocekile futhi zinomusa ngaphandle, ziyashesha kakhulu. Izicabucabu zigxumela phezulu, zingahamba ngokushesha okukhulu otshanini. Ngisho noma sikhubekile, isicabucabu singakwazi ukulenga kuwebhu yaso, bese sigxumela eqabunga eliseduze.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-micromata iluhlaza noma cha. Ake sibone ukuthi lesi sigcawu sihlala kuphi.
Ihlala kuphi i-micromata eluhlaza okotshani?
Isithombe: I-micromata eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eRussia
Indawo yokuhlala yemicromata eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inabile impela. I-micromata eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingatholakala emahlathini afudumele aseChina, eCaucasus, engxenyeni eseningizimu yeSiberia, kanye naseMpumalanga Ekude, e-Yakutia nasendaweni emaphakathi yezwe lethu.
Lezi zigcawu eziluhlaza zihlala ezihlahleni zotshani. Zitholakala emadlelweni anelanga nasemaphethelweni ehlathi. Emithambekeni yezintaba emasimini, ezihlahleni nasezivinini. Futhi, i-micromata eluhlaza okotshani ingatholakala kunoma iyiphi ipaki otshanini nasemagqokheni amahlathi. Lezi zigcawu, ngokungafani nezihlobo zazo eziningi, zithanda ukukhanya, ukukhanya kwelanga kungahle kube khona emadlelweni akhanyiswe kahle yilanga.
Lezi arthropods ziyi-thermophilic. Kubantu, iMicrommata virescens iphephe ngokuphelele, ngokungafani nabanye abamele umndeni wesicabucabu sikabhanana, ngakho-ke akufanele wesabe ukubona isicabucabu esinjalo ngokuziqhenya sihleli esitshalweni.
Empilweni nasekuzingeleni, isicabucabu sikhetha amaqabunga amancane aluhlaza, izindlebe ahlala kuzo. Isicabucabu sihamba ngokushesha futhi kalula sishintsha indawo esihlala kuyo. Uma isicabucabu sesaba kakhulu, singashesha sithuthele siye kwenye indawo, futhi sithole indawo yokukhosela lapho. Izicabucabu zikwazi ukuzifihla otshanini, okwenza kube nzima ukuzibona. Eqinisweni, inani elikhulu labo lihlala kunoma iyiphi utshani.
Idla ini i-micromata eluhlaza okotshani?
Isithombe: I-micromata yesilisa iluhlaza okotshani
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-micromat yizinambuzane ezahlukahlukene:
- izimpukane ezinhlobonhlobo;
- amakhilikithi;
- izigaxa zesicabucabu;
- izicabucabu tenetics;
- amaphela nezinye izinambuzane ezincane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: IGreen Micromata ingazingela izinambuzane ngobukhulu obukhulu kunayo uqobo, futhi lokhu akumethusi nakancane.
Inqubo yokuzingela i-micromat eluhlaza ithakazelisa kakhulu. Ukuze singabonwa, isicabucabu sithola iqabunga eliluhlaza elincanyana. Isicabucabu sihlala esiqeshini sephepha ikhanda lilenga phansi. Ubeka imilenze yakhe yangaphambili phambi kwakhe, kuthi ngemilenze yakhe yangemuva aphumle ngokuqinile ebusweni beshidi. Ngaphambi kokuzingelwa, isicabucabu silungisa intambo yaso kusuka kuwebhu siye esitshalweni kusengaphambili, futhi lapho kuvela isinambuzane emkhakheni wokubuka kwesicabucabu, i-micromata idonswa ngamandla ngayo yonke imilenze yaso bese igingqika ngobumnene iqabunga. Ngemuva kokuchoboza isinambuzane esingesihle ngaphansi kwaso, isicabucabu siyiluma amahlandla ambalwa bese siyayihudulela endaweni elula. Ukuze sidle izinambuzane eziyishwa kamuva.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma ngesikhathi sokuzingela, inyamazane yesicabucabu izama ukubaleka, isicabucabu seqa iqabunga, silenga nesisulu ngentambo yokuphepha. Kulokhu, isisulu sesicabucabu asisakwazi ukumelana, futhi konke okumele sikwenze ngukufa.
Iphuzu eliqinile lesicabucabu ukuthi, lapho libona isisulu, lingahlala ngokuthula kuso ngenkathi lizingela. Kulokhu, lesi sinambuzane asinaso isikhathi sokusabela ngokushesha, isicabucabu siyasiluma bese siyisa endaweni eseceleni lapho singadla khona isisulu saso.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Spider micromata greenish
I-Micrommata virescens iyahamba izingela emini nasebusuku. Zilinda ngesineke inyamazane yazo ezihlahleni, bese zihlangana nazo otshanini ngenxa yombala wazo. Izicabucabu zalezi zinhlobo zivame ukutholakala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noJuni. Isikhathi sokuzalela siza ngo-Agasti. Impilo ye-micromata iqhubeka ngokuthula, ngemuva kokuzingelwa, lapho zigcwele, zihlala elangeni ngokuthula.
Izicabucabu zinamandla amakhulu emvelweni. Zihamba ngokukhulu ukushesha. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu aludingi ukudla, futhi ngenxa yombala waso ongajwayelekile kanye nezimo zokuzigcina zingafuneki, zivame ukutshalwa ekhaya. Izicabucabu zeMicromata zihlala zodwa. Bangamazimuzimu, futhi bangadla izinhlobo zabo. Izicabucabu ezincane ikakhulukazi zithanda ukuba nesidlakudla esinezicucu ezincane nezicabucabu ze-tenetics. Ngemuva kokudla izihlobo, banesifiso sokudla, futhi bazizwa kamnandi.
Izicabucabu zalolu hlobo ziluka i-cocoon web kuphela ngenkathi yokuzalanisa ukuze zizalele amaqanda lapho. Owesifazane oyedwa unakekela inzalo. Izibopho zomndeni nezinhlaka zomphakathi azilandelwa. Isicabucabu sihlangana nowesifazane kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwenqubo yokufaka umquba, isicabucabu sisuswa ingunaphakade. izicabucabu ezichanyuselwe ngokushesha zithola ukudla okufana nezinye izicabucabu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Micromata greenish
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-micromata eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa. Owesilisa nowesifazane bahlangana kanye kuphela ngokukhwelana. Kulokhu, owesilisa uhlasela owesifazane futhi amlume kabuhlungu nge-chelicera. Kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi amathonsi egazi avele esiswini sowesifazane. Insikazi ihlala izama ukweqa, kepha eyesilisa iyayiqapha futhi iyazingela. Indoda idonsa ngamandla esiswini sowesifazane, bese ilinda ize yehlise umoya, bese iyashada nayo.
Inqubo yokukhwelana yenzeka kanjena: owesilisa ukhwela kowesifazane, agobe phansi bese ethula i-cibilium yakhe kowesifazane. Ukukhwelana kuthatha amahora amaningana. Yize ukwethulwa kwe-cibilium kwenziwa kanye kuphela. Ngemuva kwesikhashana ngemuva kokukhwelana, isicabucabu sowesifazane siqala ukweluka umfece lapho sizobekela khona amaqanda.
Umfece, okuvela ukuthi mkhulu impela, uvame ukulengiswa emoyeni ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. I-micromat yesifazane ivikela umfece ngomona ngomona kuze kuphume izicabucabu ezincane kuwo. Ngemuva kwalokho, insikazi ishiya inzalo yayo. Ingane yakhe ayisaludingi usizo lwakhe. Izicabucabu azenzi izibopho ezikhethekile zomndeni. Izicabucabu ezisencane zizitholela ukudla kwazo ngokuhlasela ezinye izicabucabu.
Izitha zemvelo zemicromata eluhlaza
Isithombe: Imicromata eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emvelweni
Lolu hlobo lwe-arthropods lunezitha eziningi zemvelo, kepha ngenxa yokuthi zinhle kakhulu ekufihleni, izinombolo zazo azikho engozini.
Izitha eziyinhloko yilezi:
- gryllotalpa unispina (ibhere);
- iminyovu nezinyosi;
- ama-hedgehogs;
- ezinye izicabucabu.
Isitha esiyinhloko se-micromata ibhere uGryllotalpa unispina. Uhlasela izicabucabu ezibuthaka azidle. IMedvedka inkulu kakhulu kunalolu hlobo lwesicabucabu futhi iyathanda ukuzitika ngayo. Ama-Centipedes, ama-geckos nama-hedgehogs nawo athathwa njengezitha zemvelo zale nhlobo.Izicabucabu ezingenalwazi nezincane zivame ukubulawa. Imvamisa abakwazi ukubhekana nesisulu sabo ngesikhathi sokuzingela bese befa ngokwabo. Noma abakwazi ukuhlukanisa isilwane futhi basondele kuso ngokungacabangi, yize befundile ngengozi, izicabucabu zingacasha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Iminyovu nezinyosi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kubhekwa njengezitha ezingezona izingozi zesicabucabu. Iminyovu ayidli isicabucabu, isebenzisa umzimba wayo ukuvikela inzalo yayo. Iminyovu ikhubaza izicabucabu, izise emgodini wazo bese izalela amaqanda esiswini sesicabucabu. Izibungu zeminyovu echanyuselwe zidla isicabucabu ngaphakathi.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amaMicrommata virescens angamazimuzimu. Bangakwazi ukuhlasela uhlobo lwabo futhi bababulale. Isongo esikhulu sivela ikakhulu kwizicabucabu ezinkulu. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesifazane bavame ukufa ngenxa yokulimala. Isicabucabu asinangqondo ngokumbulala, kodwa-ke, owesifazane angafa ngokuphathwa kabi kwakhe.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Spider micromata greenish
Ngaphandle kokuthi asivamile ukubona izicabucabu zalesi silwane, empeleni, akukho okusongela inani lazo labantu. I-micromata eluhlaza okotshani ingafihla kahle ngakho-ke ayibonakali endaweni eluhlaza. Lolu hlobo luhlala ngempumelelo emasimini nasemahlathini ezwe lethu. Isakazeka ngokushesha futhi iyakwazi ukufuduka, yize ithanda izindawo ezifudumele nezikhanyayo. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, insikazi izalela inani elikhulu lamaqanda kudoti owodwa, futhi izicabucabu eziningi ezintsha ziyaqandusela.
Vele, imisebenzi yabantu inomthelela omubi kubantu balezi zinhlobo ze-arthropods. Futhi impela ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu.
Umuntu ugawula amahlathi, amasimu namapaki ayancipha. Izidalwa eziphilayo ezihlala ezindaweni eziluhlaza zife ngobuningi bazo, kepha lolu hlobo alusongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu luqinile kakhulu. Mhlawumbe, amaMicrommata virescens kungekudala azokwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo futhi andise indawo ahlala kuyo.
Uhlobo lwe- "Greenish Micromat" alukho onqenqemeni lokuqothulwa futhi aludingi ukuvikelwa okukhethekile. Kepha ukuze kungagcini ngokugcina inani labantu balezi zinhlobo, kepha nemvelo iyonke, kufanele kunakekelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amahlathi awagawulwa futhi kugcinwa izikhala eziningi eziluhlaza eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka, zihlanze amakhona emvelo angathintwanga yimpucuko.
Isicabucabu sezinhlobo ze-Micrommata virescens siphephile kubantu futhi asihlaseli abantu. Luma i-micromata iluhlaza okotshani ingavikela kuphela, ngenkathi ukuluma kwe-micromat kungabeki ingozi ethile kubantu. Akufanele wesabe lezi zicabucabu ezincane eziluhlaza, aziyona ingozi. Ama-Micromats angatshalwa ezindaweni zasekhaya, azithobeki. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubuka impilo yalezi zinhlobo zezicabucabu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinambuzane ziyashesha kakhulu futhi ziyashesha, futhi ukushiya ngisho nokuqhekeka okuncane esembozweni isicabucabu nakanjani sizophuma kwi-terrarium, futhi kuzoba nzima ukusithola.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 02.07.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-13: 31
