Namuhla, inani elikhulu labalimi likhulisa amazinyane ezingulube zaseVietnam. Lolu hlobo lwengulube yase-Asia lunezinzuzo ezimbalwa. Ingulube yaseVietnam ikhula ibe ngosayizi abakhulu, izuze ngokushesha isisindo somzimba esidingekayo, futhi ibuye izivumelanise ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokuboshwa futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ensimini yaseRussia, lolu hlobo alubhalisiwe ngokusemthethweni, kepha abalimi abaningi kanye nezazi zezilwane bakubiza ngokuthembisa kakhulu. Abaphenyi babona izinzuzo eziningi kulo uma kuqhathaniswa nezilwane ezikhuliswa endaweni yethu. Ngaphezu kokuthi abafuni ngaphansi kwezimo zokuboshwa, banokuzivikela komzimba okuphikelelayo nokuqinile nenyama esezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubhekwa njengenye inzuzo ebalulekile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ingulube yaseVietnam
Ngokokuqala ngqa, lolu hlobo lwezingulube lwakhuliswa esifundeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia cishe eminyakeni engama-200-250 edlule. Bafika endaweni yeYurophu yanamuhla nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba ngo-1985 kuphela. Uhlobo lathola igama lezingulube zase-Vietnamese ezinamabhodwe ngenxa yokuthi zasakazeka zisuka eVietnam. Izingulube zisakazeka ngokushesha hhayi kuphela emazweni ahlukahlukene aseYurophu nase-Asia, kodwa nakwamanye amazwekazi. Abalimi nabafuyi bezilwane ezifuywayo eYurophu naseMelika babezithanda kakhulu. Emazweni afana neHungary neCanada, kuvulwe izikhungo ezinkulu emhlabeni zokuzalisa nokwenza ngcono izinhlobo zohlobo.
Izazi zesayensi yanamuhla zilwela ukuthuthukisa lolu hlobo lwezingulube ezifuywayo futhi, kulokhu, zibekela lezi zinhloso ezilandelayo:
- ukuzalela uhlobo olungakhula lube ngosayizi omkhulu, ngakho-ke, lungathola isisindo esithe xaxa ngesikhathi esifushane;
- ukwandisa umkhiqizo;
- ukwandisa inani lemisipha ngokunciphisa inani lamafutha.
Kuze kube manje, izazi zezilwane zizama ukwenza uhlobo olufanele lwezingulube ezifuywayo ezizofeza zonke izidingo zabalimi banamuhla. Izingulube zezingulube zaseVietnam zavela endaweni yeRussian Federation kungekudala. Abafuyi balesi silwane ngokushesha banquma ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalolu hlobo. Noma kunjalo, babenephutha.
Njengoba kwenzeka kamuva, lolu hlobo lwaluvele lunamagama amaningana. Igama eligcwele elisemthethweni lolo hlobo ingulube yase-Asia edla utshani. Izingulube zaseVietnam zaba abasunguli bohlobo olusha lwezingulube, ezazibizwa ngama-mini-pigs, okusho ukuthi "izingulube ezincane".
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Imbiza yaseVietnam ingulube eboshelwe
Ingulube endala yaseVietnam mikhulu impela. Angaba nesisindo esingama-70-100 kilograms. Abantu abazalanayo bangathola isisindo somzimba kuze kufike kwisilinganiso esisodwa nohhafu. Isikhathi esisebenzayo sokuzuza isisindo sihlala iminyaka emihlanu yokuqala. Kancane kancane, njengoba ukhula, le nqubo yehlisa ijubane.
Ividiyo: Ingulube yaseVietnam
Abesilisa banama-canine amade. Aqala ukukhula anezinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi afinyelele kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-10-16. Lolu hlobo lungaba nemibala eminingana.
Izinketho zombala zalolu hlobo:
- mnyama (umbala ovame kakhulu);
- mnyama nokumhlophe;
- imabula;
- ubomvu.
Ngaphandle, izilwane zifana nezilwane ezikhuluphele ngokweqile. Zinesisu esikhulu ngokwanele esihamba sicishe siwele phansi. Kungakho izingulube zibizwa nge-viscera. Izilwane zinomzimba onamandla, ubanzi, ukwanda kahle kwe-sternum, omude, ohlangene emuva, imilenze emifushane, eqinile. Umzimba wezingulube umbozwe ngezinwele ezinde, eziwugqinsi futhi ezimangele, ikakhulukazi ezungeze i-nape nekhanda.
Inhloko yalolu hlobo incane uma iqhathaniswa nobukhulu bomzimba wonke. Icwecwe kancane, ifinyeziwe futhi kuphrofayili kufana nobuso be-pug. Ebusweni kukhona amafolda esikhumba axegayo. Izindlebe zincane, zivelile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kubantu balolu hlobo, amafutha angaphansi komhlaba awafakwa. Ngenxa yalesi sici, inyama yengulube iyadla, igayeka kalula ngezingqimba ezincanyana zamafutha.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Uma, lapho ukhetha ingulube, phambi kwakho kungumuntu onezici ezifanayo, kodwa isifonyo esihlangene, lena akuyona ingulube yaseVietnam engenacala.
Ihlala kuphi ingulube yaseVietnam?
Isithombe: Ingulube yasekhaya yaseVietnam
Izwe lomlando wengulube yaseVietnam yiVietnam kanye namazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Izilwane ziyachuma esimweni esishisayo nesomile saseMelika nase-Asia. Kodwa-ke, bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezibandayo zamazwe athile aseYurophu naseCanada. Namuhla, izilwane zivamile ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zezwe.
Izindawo ezihlala indawo yezingulube:
- Inhlangano yase Russia;
- IBelarus;
- Ukraine;
- IRomania;
- IHungary;
- ECanada.
Ekhaya, kufanele ulungiselele futhi udale izimo ezifanele lokhu. Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokugcina isilwane kufanele kuhlelwe kucatshangelwa izici zesimo sezulu esifundeni sendawo yazo. Okokuzalanisa nokugcina, ingulube, eyakhiwe ngezitini noma ngokhuni, ifaneleka kakhulu. Kungcono ukugcwalisa phansi ngokhonkolo. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuhlanza. Ezingxenyeni ezinobusika obubandayo nobusika, kungcono ukumboza ingxenye yaphansi ngesembozo sokhuni ukuze izilwane zingabandi. Uma igumbi libanzi kakhulu, lingahlukaniswa libe yizindawo ezinama-partition enziwe ngokhuni. Isikhungo sezingulube kufanele somile, singeniswe umoya futhi singabi nezinhlaka.
Kulolu hlobo, okuqukethwe okuhle kakhulu kuzoba ezimweni lapho kwesinye isikhathi bangahamba ngokukhululeka. Ngenkathi efudumele, kumele badedelwe baye emadlelweni, lapho kukhona utshani obuluhlaza, obumanzi. Izilwane ezingenalo leli thuba zizohlupheka ngokushoda kwamavithamini futhi zizothola ubukhulu bemisipha kancane kancane.
Idlani ingulube yaseVietnam?
Isithombe: Ingulube yaseVietnam
Abafuyi abaningi balolu hlobo baphutha kakhulu maqondana nokukhethwa kokudla. Bakha imenyu ecishe ifane nokudla kwezingulube ezijwayelekile ezimhlophe. Leli yiphutha elingaholela ekuswelekeni kokusebenza, ukungakhuli nokukhula kwesisindo. Hhayi nje kuphela indlela yokudla nesethi yemikhiqizo eyahlukile, kepha futhi nemvamisa yokudla nokudla. Abamele lolu hlobo abadingi nje kuphela ukudla okubili kuya kokuthathu, kepha futhi nokudla okuphindaphindiwe, okuphindaphindwayo emini. Izingulube ezincane zinesisu esincane esigaya ukudla okuncane ngokushesha okukhulu. Izingulube zaseVietnam zibhekwa njengezidliwayo, ngakho-ke, isisekelo sokudla kwazo kungukudla kwemvelaphi yezitshalo.
Okusebenza njengesisekelo sefolishi:
- ithanga;
- hay;
- ukolweni;
- ibhali;
- ama-oats;
- bran;
- ama-acorn;
- ama-chestnut;
- amapheya;
- ama-apula;
- i-zucchini;
- izinkundla.
Ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo engenhla, izingulube zaseVietnam zidinga okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe. Omunye umbandela obalulekile ukuthi akufanele wondle izilwane. Uma ufuna ukugcina inyama kunezicubu ze-adipose, inani lommbila nezinhlamvu akumele lidlule ku-10-15% wokudla. Ngesikhathi lapho amakhambi amasha namanzi esephelile, ufulawa welayisi kufanele wengezwe ekudleni, okumele kuqale kufuthwe ngamanzi abilayo. Ngenkathi ebandayo, kuyadingeka ukwengeza okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu kanye notshani obuningi ekudleni.
Izingulube nazo zidinga amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile. Ehlobo, isidingo soketshezi siyancipha, njengoba izilwane zidla imifino eminingi, izithelo namanzi, izimila eziluhlaza. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kumsoco wezingulube ezisanda kuzalwa. Badinga ukondliwa njalo emahoreni angu-2,5-3 ngembuzi entsha noma ubisi lwenkomo. Izinga lesikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini zokuqala eziyi-10-14 ngama-20-30 amagremu. Ngemuva kwalokho ungangeza kancane kancane ivolumu yokuphakelwa okukodwa. Lokhu kudla kuhlala inyanga eyodwa. Okulandelayo, udinga ukwethula kancane kancane ukudla okuhambisanayo.
Manje wazi konke ngokudla izingulube zaseVietnam. Ake sibheke ukuthi singazinakekela kanjani kahle futhi zizale izisu zamabhodwe.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Ingulube yaseVietnam ekhulelwe
Abamele lolu hlobo banomlingiswa ozolile, ubungane nokuzinza. Zizivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokuboshwa futhi zijwayele umuntu ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwezimilo ezinhle, izingulube zeginea zinokuzivikela okuqinile, okubasiza ukuthi bagweme izifo eziningi ezithinta izingulube ezimhlophe. Ngokumangazayo, abamele lolu hlobo cishe abakhalazi, abalumi, futhi kwezinye izimo kulula ukuqeqesha nokuqeqesha.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izingulube zaseVietnam ezivela emvelweni ezingeni lezakhi zofuzo zinamandla okuhlukanisa utshani obudliwayo kanye nohlaza kusuka kokungadli.
Empilweni ejwayelekile, izilwane zidinga kuphela indawo yezingulube, inani elanele lokudla nedlelo lamahhala ngenkathi efudumele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi besaba amakhaza, okusalungiswa nokuhlasela kwe-helminthic. Abamele lolu hlobo, ngokungafani nezihlobo zabo, babonakala ngokuhlanzeka. Bahlukanisa ngokusobala isikhala esitholakalayo sibe yizindawo.
Ngeke zithuthele lapho kukhona okuphakelayo noma amanzi. Akujwayelekile ukuthi babe nephunga elibi njengasezingulubeni ezimhlophe. Izingulube zaseVietnam azinayo imikhuba emibi - azigebhi phansi, azihuduli umkhombe ngokudla ezungeze isikhungo sezingulube, zikusakaza yonke indawo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Izingulube zezingulube zaseVietnam
Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu yabamele lolu hlobo ukuzala okuphezulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Owesifazane oyedwa ovuthiwe ngokocansi uyakwazi ukuzala amantshontsho angu-15-18 ngasikhathi sinye! Imvamisa kuzalwa izingulube ezincane ezingama-12-13.
Izilwane maqondana nokukhetha abalingani bokuzalela zikhetha kakhulu, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukuba nobunzima ekuzaliseni amachwane ezingulube zaseVietnam. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, abantu besifazane abahlaliseki, isifiso sabo sincipha ngokuphawulekayo. Abesifazane bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi beneminyaka engama-4 izinyanga, abesilisa inyanga eyodwa nohhafu kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva. Lapho ukhetha umbhangqwana ofanele, umnikazi kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi abantu abanabo ubuhlobo bomndeni.
Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuba insikazi ibelethe, umnikazi wayo kufanele ayibheke ngokucophelela, ngoba uzodinga usizo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Uma izingono zesifazane ziyavuvukala nesisu sakhe sehla, kuyilapho eziphatha ngokungaphumuli, kusho ukuthi izingulube zamantombazane zizokuzalwa kungekudala. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanza indawo yezingulube, ukulungisa amanzi, hay, kanye ne-iodine, uboya bekotini nesikele sokusika inkaba. Usizo lulele eqinisweni lokuthi ezingulubeni ezisanda kuzalwa ukususa amafinyila esiqwini nasemlonyeni. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ngayinye esanda kuzalwa ithola ingxenye yokuqala ye-colostrum kamama kungakapheli ihora lokuzalwa.
Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-2.5-3, amawundlu asanda kuzalwa kufanele ondliwe, ngoba insikazi ayikwazi ukondla inani elikhulu lamazinyane ezingulube. Lapho amazinyane engulube efinyelela eminyakeni yobudala benyanga eyodwa, ukudla kwawo kufanele kwandiswe kancane kancane. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezinamanzi, eziluhlaza okotshani, imidumba, ama-beet, amanzi njengokudla kokuqala okuhambisanayo. Izingulube zaseVietnam zibhekwa njengomama abahle kakhulu, ababekezelayo nabakhathalelayo. Esikhathini esiningi, ekuzaleni kokuqala kowesifazane, azalwa amachwane angaphansi kuka-6-8. Ngokulandelayo, lesi sibalo siyanda.
Izitha zemvelo zezingulube zaseVietnam
Isithombe: Izingulube zaseVietnam
Izingulube eziningi zaseVietnam zihlala ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, izingulube zasendle ezihlala ezimweni zemvelo zinezitha eziningi ezizothokozela ngenjabulo inyama yethenda, emnandi futhi enomsoco yezilwane.
Izitha zemvelo zezilwane ezidla imifino:
- amahlosi;
- izingwe;
- izimpisi ezibomvu;
- izingwenya ezikama.
Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baseVietnam babeqothula izingulube ezinamabhodwe aseVietnam futhi bazisebenzisa njengezinto zomhlatshelo. Izingwenya zamanzi anosawoti zibeka ingozi ethile ezingulubeni, njengoba izilwane ezidla izilwane ezidla inyama zifika emgodini wokuchelela nsuku zonke, lapho zilindwe khona yizilwane ezidla igazi. Endle, izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa ziye zaba yizinto zokuzingela izinyoka ezinkulu ezinobuthi, noma izidlakela ezinkulu ezinamaphiko.
Ekhaya, ama-helminths, okusalungiswa kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi ayingozi ezingulubeni. Emazweni anezimo ezibandayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele esibayeni sezingulube ngenkathi ebandayo, futhi izilwane aziqandi. Izidakamizwa ze-antihelminthic zizosiza ukuqeda ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic. Uma emakhaya kugcinwa amachwane ngaphandle kokudla okumahhala, nawo azobhekana nokushoda kwamavithamini, okungadala izifo ezithile ezimbi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ingulube yengulube yaseVietnam
Namuhla, izingulube zase-Vietnamese ezinamabhodwe yizilwane ezifuywayo ezivamile. Zikhuliswa ngempumelelo ngabalimi emhlabeni jikelele. Kwamanye amazwe, ukuzalaniswa kwalezi zilwane ngezinga lezimboni sekutholakele. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezilwane ligxile eHungary naseCanada.
Ososayensi bathi izilwane zivame kakhulu kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba, bakhona, njengezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nabantu bendawo. Izingulube nazo ziyashesha ukuzijwayeza ukuhlala ezimweni zemvelo. Zingama-omnivore, ngakho-ke ukuthola umthombo wokudla kuzo akunzima. Kodwa-ke, kanye nalokhu, baba yinto yokuzingela eyintandokazi yezilwane eziningi ezidlayo. Inyama yezilwane inephunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okubucayi. Ngalokhu, kunzima ukuthi izingulube zisinde ezimweni zemvelo.
Ingulube yaseVietnam iyaqhubeka nokunqoba umhlaba. Abalimi emhlabeni jikelele bathola izinzuzo eziningi ngokwengeziwe ekunakekelweni nasekufuyeni kwabo. Bayabona ukuthi kulula kakhulu, akuyona inkinga futhi kushibhile ukuyigcina. Futhi, izingulube zinobungane futhi zinokuthula. Azenzi msindo futhi azibangeli zinkinga. Ukuzala okuphezulu, ithenda, inyama emnandi, engenayo i-cholesterol, nokumelana nezifo kuyizinzuzo eziyinhloko zohlobo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 04.07.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 24.09.2019 ngo-10: 18
