Ama-Amphibians axosha abaningi. Bambalwa abajabulelwa izinyoka, amaxoxo namaselesele. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwabo kunezilwane ezithakazelisa kakhulu, ezingavamile ezinombala ogqamile, okhumbulekayo. Izidalwa ezinjalo zivame ukuheha ukunakwa, kepha yizo eziyingozi kwabanye. Ixoxo lesihlahla ivelele phakathi kwabo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: ixoxo lomuthi
Ixoxo lesihlahla livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "Hylidae", elisho umlingiswa wasendulo ongumGrikhi uHilas ("ihlathi"). Sivame ukubiza lezi zilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini noma izihlahla zemithi. Igama lesiRussia lexoxo lesihlahla livele kuphela ngenxa yezici ezithile zokuziphatha kwalezi zilwane. Amaxoxo ezihlahla, kungakhathalekile ubulili, croak kakhulu kakhulu.
Lesi silwane sise-oda lama-amphibian angenamsila, umndeni weselesele. Imelwe kabanzi emvelweni. Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili zexoxo lesihlahla. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici ezithile zangaphandle, imikhuba nokuziphatha okuyisici. Bonke abamele lo mndeni bahlukaniswa ngemininingwane engavamile, ikhono elihlukile lokushintsha umbala kuye ngamazinga okushisa nezimo zezulu.
Ividiyo: Isihlahla Sesihlahla
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zamaxoxo, amaxoxo ezihlahla abhityile futhi angajwayelekile endaweni yawo. Lawa ma-amphibian achitha cishe yonke impilo yawo ehlathini, izihlahla ezikhula osebeni lwamachibi. Futhi zihlukaniswa ngosayizi wazo omncane. Izinhlobo eziningi zamaxoxo ezihlahla zingaphansi kwamasentimitha ayisikhombisa ubude. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile. Ngokwemvelo, kwakukhona abantu abanobude obufinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amane.
Lezi zinhlobo nazo zibonakala ngokuba khona kwamaswidi akhethekile kuma-paws, umbala ogqame kakhulu. Izinkomishi zokudonsa zisiza i-amphibian ukuba ikhuphuke ezindaweni eziqondile. Umbala womzimba ungavamile kakhulu, uheha ukunakwa. Kodwa-ke, umbala ogqamile onjalo oxwayisa izitha ukuthi lesi sidalwa singaba nobuthi futhi kungcono ukuwushiya masinyane umqondo wokudla amaxoxo ezihlahla.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ixoxo lomuthi oluhlaza okotshani
Ngokuya ngezimfanelo zayo zangaphandle, ixoxo lesihlahla lingabonakala ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukuncela amadiski emilenzeni. Lesi sici sihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zamaxoxo ezihlahla. Izinkomishi zokudonsa zidala isikhala esivumela isilwane ukuba sikhuphuke ezihlahleni, ezihlahleni, emaceleni. Kulokhu, abanye abantu banekhono elingathuthukile kakhulu "lokunamathela" ebusweni obuqondile. Kepha nalapha imvelo ibone konke kusengaphambili - amaxoxo anjena anesakhiwo esikhethekile seminwe ezithweni. Ngosizo lwabo ukuthi i-amphibian inganamathela emagatsheni, ezitshalweni;
- Umbala okhanyayo. Umbala wesihlahla uncike ezinhlotsheni. Kunabantu abanemibala kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani okukhanyayo ngezihlukaniso ezahlukahlukene nemivimbo. Iningi lazo lisenombala wokuzifihla: luhlaza-nsundu. Kuyasiza ukuthi ixoxo elincane lilahleke kalula enqwabeni yamaqabunga ezihlahleni;
- ubude obufushane bomzimba. Imvamisa kuba cishe ngamasentimitha ayisikhombisa, kutholakala kuphela abantu abakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile;
- amehlo amakhulu, aphumile, ikakhulukazi anabafundi abavundlile. Lesi sakhiwo samehlo sivumela izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini ukuba zibe nombono ohlukahlukene, zizingele kalula, zigxume ngokuphepha zisuka kwelinye igatsha ziye kwelinye;
- ubukhona besikhwama somphimbo emadodeni. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa ezihlahleni zemithi yasendle. Uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu ubukhona besikhwama somphimbo. Abesilisa kuphela abanayo. Lapho ugcwele umoya, isikhwama esinjalo singenza imisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bahlala bancane kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ixoxo lesihlahla lihlukile! Umzimba wakhe uyakwazi ukumelana nokubanda ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-glycine emzimbeni. Kuvikela amaseli omzimba ekulimaleni okungenzeka, ukulahleka kwezimfanelo zawo, ubungqabavu.
Ihlala kuphi ixoxo lesihlahla?
Isithombe: frog tree tree frog
Indawo yemvelo yezihlahla ze-arboreal ayincane kangako. Zikhetha ukuhlala endaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile. Bahlala kakhulu e-Asia, eYurophu. Indawo yabo yokuhlala ihlanganisa inyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, iJapan, iNetherlands, iRomania, iBelarus, iLithuania, i-Ukraine, iPoland, iRussia, iNyakatho neNingizimu Melika. ERussia, amaxoxo anjalo angatholakala kuphela engxenyeni emaphakathi. Umndeni wabo endaweni yaseRussia uboniswa izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - ezijwayelekile kanye neMpumalanga Ekude.
Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zemithi litholakala eTunisia, China, Korea, Turkey nase-Australia. Iziqhingi zaseCaribbean zihlala nabantu abaningi kangaka njengezilwane eziphila nasemanzini. Lapho lolu hlobo lwalungamelwe khona, lwaxazululwa ngokungelona iqiniso. Isibonelo, amaxoxo ezihlahla avele ngale ndlela eNew Zealand, eGuam, eNew Caledonia, eVanuatu. Abanye abamele, ikakhulukazi i-arboretum ebomvu, batholakala ngamanani amancane emahlathini aseCosta Rica, ePanama.
Namuhla ixoxo lesihlahla lingaba ngumuntu ohlala kunoma yiliphi ikhaya. Lezi zilwane zithengiswa ezitolo eziningi ezinkulu ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina ama-amphibians ekhaya kudinga utshalomali oluningi, ulwazi olukhethekile namakhono. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukushisa okunethezeka - cishe ama-degree angama-23, qinisekisa umswakama odingekayo (okungenani ama-70%), uhlomisa i-terrarium ngokhuni lwe-drift, amagatsha, izitshalo. Uma lezi zimo zingagcinwa, isilwane singafa.
Impilo yonke, izihlahla ze-arboreal zikhetha izifunda ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, amahlathi axubekile anomswakama nashisayo. Izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ezikhetha ukuhlala ngqo emachibini nasemachibini. Kulokhu, bakhetha amadamu, amachibi, amachibi anezimila eziminyene, lapho kuhlala khona izinambuzane eziningi.
Lidlani ixoxo lesihlahla?
Isithombe: Ixoxo lomuthi elinobuthi
Impela zonke izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemhlabeni ziyizilwane ezidla inyama. Amaxoxo ezihlahla nawo ahlukile. Ukudla kuncike ohlotsheni lomuntu ngamunye, ubukhulu bayo. Imvamisa badla izinambuzane ezincane. Ukudla kufaka izimpukane, amabhungane aphansi, amaphela, amakhilikithi, omiyane. Futhi ama-woodworms adla ezinye ezingenamgogodla: izintwala ezincane zokhuni, ama-slugs, izikelemu zomhlaba. Kukaningi kuphela lapho amasele engadla khona amagundane, izibankwa ezisencane.
Njengabaningi abamele ukuhleleka kwama-amphibian angenamisila, amacala okudla inyama avela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-arboreal. Lokhu kuvamise ukwenzeka kubantu abadala abadala abangadliwa yizilwane ezisencane. Namuhla, amaxoxo ezihlahla ngokuvamile aba yizilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, indlela abadla ngayo ayishintshi kangako kulokhu. Umnikazi wesilwane kumele ahlinzeke ngokwanele ngezinambuzane ezincane. Ama-tweezers akhethekile ayatholakala ukondla okulula.
Izihlahla zidla izinambuzane nokunye ukudla ngenkathi efudumele. Ukuzingela, bakhetha izindawo ezicashile, ezifihliwe phakathi kohlobo oluhlaza. Ixoxo lesihlahla lingalinda inyamazane amahora ambalwa ngokuphelele linganyakazi. Lezi zilwane eziphila nasemanzini zivame ukuzingela kusihlwa, ebusuku. Zibamba izinambuzane ezincane ngolimi olude kakhulu, futhi zizisiza ukuthi zidle futhi zigwinye inyamazane enkulu ngemilenze yazo yangaphambili.
Ebusika, amaxoxo awazingeli. Baqale bazitholele indawo yokukhosela futhi balala ubusuku bonke. Ngesikhathi sokulala ubuthongo, umzimba ugaya ngamandla kakhulu. Amaxoxo ezihlahla asinda kuphela ezinqolobaneni zawo zangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane singamelana nanoma yikuphi ukushisa. Ama-arboretum abuyela endaweni yawo ejwayelekile cishe maphakathi no-Mashi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Ixoxo lesihlahla esinamehlo abomvu
I-arboretum ichitha impilo yayo yonke emahlathini avame ukuxubana, asezindaweni ezishisayo, amaqabunga, imifula yemifula, ezihlahleni ezisogwini lwamachibi nemifula. Ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, itholakala emapaki, ezingadini ngisho nasezivinini. Ezintabeni, isilwane esinjalo sihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ixoxo lesihlahla lingabizwa ngesidalwa sasemhlabeni, ngoba isikhathi esiningi lisisebenzisa emagatsheni ezihlahla, ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni ezinotshani obukhulu.
Ezinye izinhlobo zomndeni ziyizikhathi zokushona, kanti ezinye iningi lasebusuku. Ama-Amphibians awesabi ukushisa, amakhaza, okuhambisana nokubandlulula kwawo. Kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu lapho amaxoxo ezihlahla aya endaweni yokukhosela ebusika. Bacasha ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla, ku-silt, emigodini noma emigodini elahliwe. Lapho, izilwane ziwela opopayi obumisiwe, futhi zivuka entwasahlobo kuphela.
Sekuyisikhathi eside kuthathwa ngokuthi "isibikezeli" semvula esithembekile. Umzimba we-amphibian uphendula ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Umbala wayo uba mnyama. Ngasikhathi sinye, amaxoxo ezihlahla aqala ukukhala kakhulu.
Isici se-arborealis ukutholakala komqubuko onoshevu esikhunjeni. Ibavikela kumagciwane ahlukahlukene, amagciwane, izitha zemvelo. Amafinyila anjalo akhiqizwa ngamandla ngesikhathi sengozi. Kwamanye amazwe, amafinyila ezihlahla zezihlahla asetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi. Kuyasiza ukwelapha isifo sikashukela, kusebenza njengendlela yokuvimbela amahlule egazi, kuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Futhi, ngesisekelo se-mucus ye-woodworm, izidakamizwa ezibizayo zenziwa ukwandisa i-libido.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: ixoxo lomuthi
Isikhathi sokuzalela kwezihlahla ze-arboreal siqala ngasekupheleni kukaMashi. Kuhlala kuze kube maphakathi noJuni. Kodwa-ke, inkathi nobude bayo buxhomeke endaweni yokuhlala yamaxoxo. Ezintabeni, inkathi yokukhwelana iqala cishe emva kwenyanga. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, abamele umndeni baziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, kuya ngohlobo. Kodwa-ke, into eyodwa ayishintshi kuwo wonke umuntu - abesilisa baheha abesifazane ngosizo lwesikhwama somphimbo, esenza umsindo okhethekile. Umsindo wesikhwama uhlukile ohlotsheni ngalunye lwamaxoxo omuthi, ngakho-ke amasele "adingekayo" awaphendula.
Uma amasele esihlahla echitha isikhathi sawo esiningi ekhululekile ezihlahleni, khona-ke ukukhwelana kwehlela phansi bese iya emanzini. Kusemanzini lapho amaqanda abekwa khona, lapho owesilisa efaka khona umanyolo. Izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zezihlahla ze-arboreal ezihlangana emhlabathini. Kulokhu, amaqanda acasha emaqabungeni noma athwalwa ngokwawo kuze kufike lapho onoshobishobi bachanyuselwa. Ngesinye isikhathi, amaxoxo abesifazane akwazi ukubeka amaqanda angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili.
Onoshobisho bokuqala bavela emaqandeni ezinsukwini eziyishumi. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa singaba sifushane. Kwezinye izinhlobo zexoxo lesihlahla, kuyizinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela. Kungakapheli izinsuku ezingamashumi amahlanu kuya kwikhulu, onoshobishobi bafana kancane kancane nezihlahla ze-arboreal ezindala. Ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwenzeka kubo kuphela ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila. Isikhathi sempilo yamaxoxo emithi naso siyahlukahluka. Ezinye izinhlobo ziphila iminyaka emithathu kuphela, ezinye ziphila cishe iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Ekuthunjweni, izilwane ezinjalo zihlala isikhathi eside - kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Izitha zemvelo zamaxoxo ezihlahla
Isithombe: Ixoxo lomuthi wesilwane
Ixoxo lesihlahla, yize linamafinyila anobuthi, linezitha eziningi zemvelo. Zimzungeza macala onke. Izinyoni, izidalwa ezisemhlabeni kanye nezilwane ezinkulu eziphila emanzini nasemanzini zizingela izikebhe zemikhumbi. Phakathi kwezinyoni, izitha eziyingozi kakhulu zamaxoxo ezihlahla zimelela ama-corvids, idada, i-pheasant. Zibuye zihlaselwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngunogolantethe, ibises, izindwandwe. Bangabamba isilwane khona kanye endizeni.
Emhlabathini, izihlahla, aziyona ingozi kangako. Aziphikisani nokudla izimpungushe, ama-otter, ama-raccoon, izingulube zasendle, nezilwane ezincane ezidla ezinye. Izitha ezimbi kakhulu izinyoka. Isihlahla asikwazi ukuzifihla ngisho nasesihlahleni. Izinyoka zikhuphuka ngokukhalipha kuzo. Amaxoxo amakhulu kanye nezimfudu zasolwandle zibeka engcupheni ethile amaxoxo ezihlahla. Ngandlela thile, izitha zemvelo zamaxoxo omuntu ngabantu. Izilwane eziningi zifa ezandleni zabantu ngenkathi zibanjwa noma zizama ukufuya.
Uma abantu abadala benamathuba onke okusindisa izimpilo zabo, babaleke bayocasha ezilwaneni eziyingozi, khona-ke onoshobishozi abanandlela yokuzivikela. Zifa ngobuningi bazo kusuka kumabhungane ahlukahlukene wamanzi, izinyoka, izinhlanzi ezidlayo kanye nojekamanzi. Ngokuvamile, cishe bonke abahlali bamachibi kabaphikisi ukuzitika ngabo. Inzalo yamaxoxo isindiswa ekuqothulweni okuphelele ngenombolo yayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi izalela cishe amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezimbili.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ixoxo lomuthi oluhlaza okotshani
Ixoxo lesihlahla liyisilwane sasemanzini esasakazeke emhlabeni wonke. Kwethulwa ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-800. Ngokuvamile, lo mndeni njengamanje awusongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Inani lamaxoxo esihlahla lisezingeni eliphakeme ngokwanele ngenxa yobuningi bawo nokuzala okuhle kakhulu. Izinhlobo zinikezwe Isimo Esincane Sokukhathazeka. Ingozi yokuqothulwa incane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, isibalo salesi silwane kwezinye izifunda sisancipha.
Lokhu kuthonywa yizici ezimbi ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlaselwa kaningi okuvela ezitheni zemvelo. Izilwane ezidla ezinye, izinyoni, izilwane ezinkulu eziphila emanzini nasemhlabeni zibulala futhi zidle inani elikhulu lamaxoxo ezihlahla;
- ukuthunjwa ngumuntu. Ubuthi be-arboreal abuyingozi kubantu. Amaselesele angavamile kangaka abanjelwa ukuwagcina ekhaya. Amaxoxo ezihlahla angaphila ekuthunjweni cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudinga ukwenziwa kwazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo. Ngendlela engafanele, izilwane ziyafa ngokushesha;
- ukungcoliswa kwemizimba yamanzi. Ngaphandle kokuthi amaxoxo ezihlahla ahlala kakhulu emhlabeni, ukungcoliswa kwemizimba yamanzi kuthinta inani labo labantu. Kusemifuleni, emadamini, emachibini lapho iningi lamalungu omndeni lizalela khona;
- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okukhulu. Ukugawulwa okungalawuleki kubaphuca amaxoxo ezihlahla.
Ixoxo lesihlahla i-amphibian enhle kakhulu, engavamile. Ukubukeka kwazo okuthakazelisayo kuyakhanga kodwa kuyakhohlisa. Ngemuva kwemibala egqamile, usayizi omncane, kunengozi - umzimba wexoxo ukhipha amafinyila anobuthi. Kodwa-ke, amafinyila anjalo awasongeli impilo yomuntu, kepha ngemuva kokuhlangana nalelixoxo, kungcono ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 19.04.2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 19.09.2019 ngo-21: 59
