Bedonswe izimfihlo zokujula kolwandle, sekuyisikhathi eside abantu befuna ukwazi kangcono izakhamuzi zakhona. Emhlabeni ocebile wamanzi, owazala zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo esizaziyo, ungathola futhi isidalwa esimangalisayo njenge ibhola lenhlanzieyaziwa nangokuthi i-blowfish, i-puffer noma i-tetraodon.
Lezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo zathola leli gama ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile somzimba wazo: ngesikhathi sengozi, zifutheka njengebhola futhi ngaleyo ndlela zithuse isitha. Ngenxa yale ndlela yokuzivikela emangalisayo, ama-tetraodon atholakala yonke indawo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi
AmaTetraodon, amalungu omndeni we-blowfish, aqala ukuchazwa nguCarl Linnaeus ngo-1758. Ososayensi bakuthola kunzima ukuthola ukuthi ngubani lo muntu okhukhumezayo, kodwa bayavuma ukuthi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule lolu hlobo lwehlukane nolunye, olubizwa nge-sunfish.
Kuze kube manje, isayensi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zalezi zinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi ezihlala emanzini anosawoti asezindaweni ezishisayo olwandle lwasePacific, eNdiya kanye nase-Atlantic. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zebhola zithanda ukuhlala futhi zizalele emanzini ahlanzekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uhlale kahle wonke ama-subspecies ama-tetraodon, ukuhlukaniswa kuyadingeka: bathanda ukuhlala phakathi kwamakhorali noma uhlaza oluminyene, futhi bavame ukukhetha isizungu noma impilo esikoleni esincane.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi elinamava
Ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zama-subspecies, izinhlanzi zebhola zingabonakala zihluke kakhulu, kepha zinezici ezithile ezijwayelekile ze-interspecific:
Ngakho-ke, ubude bungafika kusuka ku-5 kuye kuma-67 cm, kuya ngemvelo ehlala kuyo. Isikimu sombala sama-tetraodon, njengomthetho, siyahlukahluka kusuka kokumhlophe-nsundu kuya kokuluhlaza, kepha umbala wesici sohlobo ngalunye uhlukile, futhi abantu ngabodwana.
Umzimba we-blowfish ukhuluphele, u-ovoid, unekhanda elikhulu namehlo abanzi. Elinye lamagama alo - i-puffer - inhlanzi yebhola inamazinyo amane amakhulu akhule ndawonye aba izingqimba ezingenhla nezingezansi, okubonga ukuthi lowo muntu abe ngumzingeli oyingozi futhi aphoqeleke ukuthi adle njalo izixhobo zamakhorali noma izakhamizi ezinegobolondo elinomsoco.
AbakwaSkalozubov bayashesha ukubhukuda futhi bayashesha ngenxa yendawo yamaphiko abo emipinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-subspecies ezinhlanzi zebhola anomphetho oqinile womsila, obavumela ukuthi babhukude noma beya kolunye uhlangothi.
Enye yezinto eziyingqayizivele ye-tetraodon yisikhumba sayo esingenacharacteristic senhlanzi, embozwe ngemigogodla emincane, hhayi esikalini. Ngesikhathi sobungozi, lapho inhlanzi ivumbuka, lezi zinhlayiya zinikeza ukuvikeleka okungeziwe - zithatha indawo emi mpo futhi azivumeli umhlaseli adle i-blowfish.
Ividiyo: Ibhola lenhlanzi
Indlela eyingqayizivele yokuzivikela yenhlanzi yebhola eyenze yathandeka kubantu yikhono layo lokufaka umzimba wayo emzimbeni. Ukuqoqa amanzi noma umoya emiphungeni yamasaka, esebenza ngamagill njengohlobo lwepompo, i-blowfish iyakwazi ukwanda kaningana. Ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwezimbambo, le nqubo ilawulwa yimisipha ekhethekile, esiza izinhlanzi ukuthi zilahle uketshezi noma umoya oqoqekile, uzidedele ngomlomo nangezinyongo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngenkathi ithola umoya, izinhlanzi zebhola aziwubambi, kepha ziyaqhubeka nokuphefumula, zisebenzisa ama-gill kanye nama-pores esikhumba.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvikela umuntu okhukhumezayo ubuthi bayo. Isikhumba, imisipha kanye nesibindi sezinhlobo eziningi kugcwele i-tetrodotoxin enobuthi obubulalayo, okuthi, lapho ingena emgudwini wokugaya, iqale ikhubaze isisulu, bese ibulala kabuhlungu. Kuyamangaza ukuthi indoda yakhetha omunye wabamele i-blowfish - inhlanzi ekhukhumezayo - njengesibiliboco sayo. Okungenani abantu abayikhulu bafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokuyidla. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-tetraodon ezinobuthi, kanti ezinye ziphephe ngisho nokugcinwa ku-aquarium yakho yasekhaya.
Ihlala kuphi inhlanzi yebhola?
Isithombe: Ibhola lenhlanzi elinobuthi
Ama-tetraodon atholakala yonke indawo athanda ukuhlala emanzini asogwini futhi awavamile ukutholakala ekujuleni. Ngokuvamile zitholakala emanzini ashisayo ePhilippines nase-Indonesia, eNdiya naseMalaysia. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu ye-pufferfish izakhamuzi zasemanzini angenasawoti, kufaka phakathi i-fahak, ehlala ikakhulukazi ngasemfuleni iNayile; mbu, okhetha amanzi oMfula iCongo; ne-takifugu noma i-puffer edumile, ihlala kokubili oLwandlekazi iPacific nasemanzini amasha aseChina.
Amanye ama-subspecies ahola le ndlela yokuphila elandelayo: ukuhlala emanzini anosawoti, ngesikhathi sokuzala noma ekufuneni ukudla, bafika emithonjeni emisha noma enama-brackish. Njengoba zisakazeke ngale ndlela emhlabeni wonke, izinhlanzi zebhola zizizwa zikhululekile cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kokuthunjwa, kunzima ukuzala futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nangokukhethekile ezimweni ze-aquarium.
Idlani inhlanzi yebhola?
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi
Ama-puffers yizilwane ezidlayo. Ukuziba ngokuphelele ulwelwe njengomkhiqizo wokudla, ama-tetraodon ayakujabulela ukudla ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni: izibungu, inhlanzi ethosiwe kanye ne-shellfish, iminenke kanye nezimfanzi. Bumatasa ngokwemvelo, izinhlanzi zebhola aziyeki imikhuba yazo endaweni yazo yemvelo, hhayi ekuthunjweni, ezikwazi ukudla ukudla njalo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amapuleti athatha indawo yamazinyo ama-tetraodon akhula kuwo kukho konke ukuphila kwawo. Imvelo iyazazi izibonelo ezimbalwa zokuvuselelwa okunjalo, futhi yonke indawo ixazululwa ngandlela-thile: umuntu ugaya amazinyo akhulayo. I-Skalozub ngale njongo isebenzisa inani elikhulu lama-crustaceans anegobolondo eliqinile futhi idla amakhorali.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi ezicwebezelayo
Ukuziphatha kwabantu abanolaka kwabakhukhumele kubazuzele udumo lwabanesizungu. Imvamisa ilindele ubungozi, nezindlela zokuzivikela ezingenazinkinga, i-blowfish iyakhukhumala futhi ngaleyo ndlela yesabe isitha sayo. Noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa njalo kwaleli khono akubazuzisi abanikazi balo. Ukuphefumula komuntu ngesikhathi se-metamorphosis kusheshisa kahlanu, okukhombisa ukwanda okumangazayo kokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, yize ihlala ikulungele ukuhlasela, inhlanzi yebhola ithambekele endleleni yokuphila yodwa.
Izinhlanzi zebhola zithanda ukuvikela indawo yazo futhi azixoleli ukungena kwesitha, zivikela ngokuqinile. Ekulweni, i-blowfish izithena futhi ibambe amaphiko ezinye izinhlanzi, ikwenza lokhu njengengxenye yomzabalazo wensimu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngenxa yomuzwa wokubanga.
Izinhlanzi zebhola, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ziphi izinhlobo zazo, zinamathela enkambisweni efanele yansuku zonke: zivuka lapho kuphuma ilanga, zilale lapho kushona ilanga. Emini bahola impilo yokuzingela esebenzayo. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi labo abafisa ukuba nenhlanzi yebhola endaweni yabo yasolwandle bangalulekwa ukuthi bayixazulule enkampanini engafanele. I-blowfish izodla bonke abahlali, noma ibabheke njengemithombo yengcindezi futhi, ngenxa yokuxineka ngokweqile kwemizwa, izofa ngokushesha. Ekuthunjweni, ama-tetraodon aphila iminyaka emi-5 kuya kwengu-10, kanti endaweni yabo yemvelo baphila isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi zasolwandle
Ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwayo, i-tetraodon kuyaqabukela yakhe ubuhlobo obuqinile bezenhlalo, ikhetha impilo ye-hermit ngokunemba. Idivayisi yomphakathi eyamukelekayo kakhulu yezikhukhula izikole ezincane noma imibhangqwana. Ebusheni, abamele lezi zinhlobo bezolile, kepha lapho bekhula, kulapho uhlaka lwabo luwohloka kakhulu futhi kulapho-ke bengaphansi kokuhlukunyezwa.
Abamele lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane bakulungele ukuzala benonyaka owodwa kuya kwemithathu. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa nabesifazane benza isiko elilandelayo lokukhwelana: owesilisa udlala ngokulandela owesifazane, futhi uma engavumelani nokuqoma kwakhe isikhathi eside, angaluma. Ezeduna, ezivame ukuba nombala okhanyayo nosayizi omncane, ziphelezela ubumnandi besifazane ziye endaweni ecashile, evikelekile. Lapho, ubeka amaqanda, owesilisa amvundise ngokushesha. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-puffer zikhetha ukuzala emanzini aphezulu. Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda angamakhulu amahlanu ngesikhathi.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubaba unakekela inzalo yalolu hlobo. Futhi esontweni lesibili lokuphila, ama-tetraodon amancane angazibhukuda ngokwawo.
Emavikini okuqala okuphila, wonke ama-subspecies e-blowfish anegobolondo elincane, elinyamalala kancane kancane, bese ame ame endaweni yalo. Izinhlanzi zebhola zakha ngokushesha, bese kuthi ngemuva kwenyanga yehluke kubantu abadala kuphela ngosayizi omncane nokuqina kombala: ezinhlanzini ezisencane zihluka kakhulu. Ngosizo lwemibala egqamile, isizukulwane esisha sizama ukuvimbela usongo olungase lube khona kanye nokwethusa izilwane ezidlayo. Ukuze zizivikele, izilwane ezincane nazo ziyathanda ukucasha ezindaweni ezifihlekile eziphephile: emahlathini noma ezinsizeni ezingezansi.
Intsha iyona ethintwa kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ndawonye ngokuphepha nezinhlobo ezahlukene ngaphandle kokulimaza noma ngubani. Imvelo yokuxabana iqala ukuzibonakalisa ngokuzihogela kuphela ngeminyaka. Abatshuzi kudingeka bazi ukuthi akukhuthazwa ukugcina abesilisa abangaphezu koyedwa e-aquarium ngesikhathi sokubeletha ekuthunjweni kokukhiqiza ngempumelelo kohlobo. Ngenxa yobudlova babo, umbango uzophenduka impi ngokushesha, okuzogcina ngokufa komunye wabesilisa.
Izitha zemvelo izinhlanzi ibhola
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi
Ngenxa yendlela yokuzivikela eyingqayizivele, imvelo enobudlova nokulangazelela indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo, i-blowfish cishe ayinazitha zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, abaphunyukanga enhlekeleleni yokuba yingxenye yochungechunge lokudla okunempilo ngenxa yemvelo yomphangi oyinhloko - indoda.
Eyaziwa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke ngezindawo zayo ezinobuthi, izinhlanzi zebhola, noma kunjalo, zingenye yezibiliboco eziyinhloko zokudla kwaseJapan. Ngaphandle kwesibalo sokufa okulethwa yilezi zinhlanzi kubantu minyaka yonke, ama-gourmets ayaqhubeka nokuwadla ukuze athole ukudla.
Kuze kube ngu-60% wabantu abathatha isinqumo sokupheka izinhlanzi ezikhukhumezekile, ummeleli ogqamile we-blowfish, babulawa ubuthi bayo nobuthi bezinzwa.
EJapan, kunelayisense ekhethekile enikezwa abapheki abaqeqeshelwe ukupheka lesi sidlo esibulalayo. Njengoba wazi, ukusetshenziswa kwesibindi se-fugu nama-ovari, njengoba kuqukethe ubuthi obuningi kakhulu, akuvunyelwe. Kuze kube manje, ayikho ikhambi lobuthi, futhi izisulu ziyasizwa ekugcineni izindlela zokujikeleza kwegazi nezokuphefumula kuze kube yilapho imiphumela yobuthi incipha.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-subspecies e-ball fish anobuthi, kanti amanye angadliwa ngokuphepha!
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ibhola lezinhlanzi
Namuhla, kukhona ama-subspecies angaphezu kwekhulu ezinhlanzi zebhola. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo alukaze lukhethwe, ngakho-ke, lonke uhlobo olukhona, i-blowfish kungenxa yokuziphendukela kwemvelo kuphela. Naba abamele abaningi abavelele bezinhlobo ezingaphansi:
I-tetraodon emifushane iyilungu elincane kunazo zonke lohlobo, elifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-7 ubude. Abantu banombala ogqamile futhi ojulile, ngaphezu kwalokho, abakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ucwiliswa ezingxenyeni ezijulile zamanzi, umbala we-puffer uba mnyama. Abesilisa besifazane bangahlukaniswa ngombala ongagcwali kangako wakamuva, nemivimbo emincane egijima emzimbeni wabo.
Indawo yemvelo yalolu hlobo lwe-tetraodon ngamanzi ahlanzekile e-Indochina naseMalaysia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yilezi zinhlobo ezithambekele kakhulu ekuthunjweni ngenxa yemvelo evamile yobungako nosayizi ofanele, kanye nokungabikho kwezinkinga ngokuzala.
I-arotron ekhonjiwe emhlophe ingummeleli othakazelisayo futhi ogqamile we-blowfish. Kutholakala ikakhulu ezixhotsheni zamakhorali esifundeni sasePacific, kuyatholakala nasogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, naseJapane, ngisho nase-Easter Island.
Isici esiyingqayizivele salesi sikhukhumala umbala wayo oguqula impilo. ngakho-ke, ebusheni, inhlanzi yebhola inombala onsundu omnyama noma omnyama, ehlanjululwe ngamabala amaningi anobisi. Maphakathi nempilo, umzimba uqala ukuphuzi, ngenkathi usahlanganiswa amachashazi amhlophe, anyamalale ngokuphelele ngasekupheleni kwempilo, ashiye abantu benombala wegolide omsulwa.
Yize le subspecies, ngokungafani nozakwabo, ingenazo amaphiko okhalo, ama-tetraodon ahlala eshesha futhi ebhukuda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mfanelo ayibashintshi ngisho nangezikhathi zengozi: njengoba sebekhuphukele esimweni esihle esiyindilinga, abalahlekelwa yikhono lokubhukuda ngokushesha, ngakho-ke akulula ukuthi umhlaseli ahlangabezane nabo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, futhi umhlukumezi ekwazi ukubamba nokugwinya lowo okhukhumezayo, umphumela obulalayo cishe awunakugwenywa.
Ngokumangazayo, ushevu wenhlanzi yebhola unamandla kangangokuba ungaze ubulale noshaka!
ITetraodon Fahaca inolaka olukhulu futhi ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zebluefish. Kutholakala ikakhulukazi emanzini ase-Afrika, kutholakala kakhulu eMfuleni iNayile. Ngobunzima obukhulu, iyavuma ukuhlala ekuthunjweni, futhi ayizali e-aquarium.
Isakhiwo salesi sikhwehlela cishe asihlukile kwabanye abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo: iyakwazi ukuvuvukala, ayinayo amaphiko okhalo futhi imbozwe imiqolo. Umbala wayo uyashintshashintsha phakathi kwebanga elinsundu ngokumhlophe nokumhlophe, futhi amandla alo ancipha ngokukhula. Umzimba wale nhlanzi ekhukhumezekile uqukethe ubuthi obuningi futhi ukuxhumana nawo kuyingozi enkulu, ngakho-ke laba bantu abavame ukunconywa njengabahlali be-aquarium. Kuyafaneleka nokugwema ukudla i-fahak.
I-Tetraodon Mbu yizinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-blowfish, ezikwazi ukufinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa ubude. Njengoba ihlala emanzini amasha ase-Afrika, le mpumputhe ayinakulimazeka. Njengoba zinezici zokuvikela zazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, lezi zinhlobo ezincane zisebenzisa ngempumelelo kakhulu: ibhola elincane, elingama-70 cm ububanzi futhi eligcwele i-tetrodotoxin, akuvamile ukuheha ngisho nezilwane ezidla kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi yize zingekho izinsongo zangempela endaweni yazo yemvelo, i-tetraodon inolaka olukhulu, futhi iyakwazi ukuba nonya olungafanele ekuzingeleni. Akazi nhlobo ukuzwana nomakhelwane futhi ukhetha ukuba yedwa ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo.
I-Takifugu noma i-fugu yizinhlayiya ezidume kakhulu ze-ball fish, okuthi, ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo, ibe ngomunye wezibiliboco eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Kutholakala emanzini anosawoti oLwandlekazi iPacific, izinhlobo ze-fugu ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko laseJapan lokupheka.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-puffer ayizivezi ubuthi iyodwa, kepha iyayiqongelela phakathi nokuphila kwayo ngokudla eyidlayo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abakhulele ekuthunjweni futhi abangawadlanga amagciwane athile abanabungozi ngokuphelele.
Kuhle futhi kuyahlekisa esimweni sakhe esiyindilinga, ibhola lenhlanzi iyisilwane esidla inyama esiyingozi nesibiliboco esibulalayo esidumile nesithandwa emazweni amaningi ase-Asia. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zama-tetraodon zikuvumela ukuthi uhlangane nazo cishe noma kuphi emhlabeni futhi ubone ubuhle bazo nokuzimela endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 03/10/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/18/2019 ngo-21: 03
