Impi yempi ungomunye wabamele basendulo kakhulu emhlabeni wezilwane. Izazi zezilwane zibheka njengesilwane esiyimfihlakalo kakhulu nesingakholeki. Ngenxa yegobolondo lazo elikhulu, eliwugqinsi, ama-armadillos kade abhekwa njengezihlobo zofudu. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwezifundo eziningi zofuzo, bahlukaniswa baba yizinhlobo ezihlukile nokuhleleka, okufana nokufana nezindawo ezingadliwayo nezama-sloth. Ezweni lakubo elingokomlando, eLatin America, izilwane zibizwa nge- "armadillo", okusho ukuthi ama-dinosaurs ephaketheni.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Impi yempi
Izilwane ziyizilwane ezincelisayo. Banikezwe iqembu lempi. Ososayensi bathi lezi zilwane zavela emhlabeni ngesikhathi sokukhona kwama-dinosaurs. Lokhu cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-50-55 edlule. Izikebhe zempi zihlala zingashintshi kusukela ngalezo zikhathi, ngaphandle kokwehla okukhulu ngosayizi.
Okhokho basendulo balezi zinhlobo babengaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ubude. Laba bameleli bezitshalo nezilwane bakwazile ukusinda futhi balondoloze ukubukeka kwabo kwasekuqaleni ngenxa yokuba khona kwegobolondo lamapuleti aminyene alivikele ngokuthembekile ezitheni nasezinhlekeleleni zemvelo.
Ividiyo: Impi yempi
Ama-Aztec, izakhamuzi zasendulo zamazwekazi aseMelika, abiza ama-armadillos ngokuthi "izimfudu hares." Lokhu kungenxa yokuhlangana nezidlwane zasendle, ezazinezindlebe ezinde ezifana nezama-armadillos. Okunye ukufana phakathi kwe-armadillos ne-hares yikhono lokuhlala emigodini embiwe.
Cishe zonke izinsalela zokhokho basendulo balezi zilwane zitholwe eNingizimu Melika. Lokhu kunikeza isizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi lena yinsimu yebhola njengezwe kanye nendawo yokuhlala yenqwaba yezinhlobo zalezi zilwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho womabili amazwekazi aseMelika exhunywe yi-isthmus yomhlaba, bathuthela eNyakatho Melika. Lokhu kufakazelwa yizinsalela zezinsalela zamathambo zesikhashana esedlule. Izinsalela zama-glyptodonts, okhokho bokuqala bama-armadillos, zitholakale endaweni enkulu kuze kufike eNebraska.
Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, imikhumbi eminingi yempi yayigxile eningizimu yeMelika futhi ihlala khona kuze kube namuhla. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abantu abaningana babaleka kubanikazi abazimele futhi ezindaweni zabo zemvelo basungula abantu ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nentshonalanga yeMelika.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Animal armadillo
Okuhlukile kwalezi zilwane ezihlukile igobolondo lazo. Iqukethe izingxenye eziningana ezixhunywe komunye nomunye: ikhanda, ihlombe ne-pelvic. Ukuxhumeka kunikezwa ngendwangu enwebekayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, yonke iminyango inokuhamba okwanele. Futhi emzimbeni kunemivimbo eminingana emise okwezindandatho emboza emuva nezinhlangothi. Ngenxa yobukhona bemivimbo enjalo, enye yezinhlobo ibizwa ngebhande lesishiyagalolunye. Ngaphandle, igobolondo limbozwe yimichilo, noma izikwele ze-epidermis.
Imilenze yesilo nayo ivikelwe yizembatho zempi. Isigaba somsila sigcwele amapuleti ezicubu zamathambo. Isisu nobuso bangaphakathi bezitho kunesikhumba esithambile futhi esibucayi, esigcwele izinwele eziqinile. Izinwele zingaze zimboze amapuleti esikhumba atholakala ebusweni begobolondo.
Izilwane zingaba nombala ohlukahlukene kakhulu. Umbala onsundu ngokubomvana ngokukhanyayo. Izinwele zingaba mnyama, zibe mpunga, noma zibe mhlophe qwa. Le nqola yempi, yize incane, inesikwele, side futhi sisinda kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala oyedwa buhluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwayi-100. Isisindo somzimba singama-50-95 kilograms.
Ingxenye yomsila womzimba ingamasentimitha ayi-7-45. Isifonyo se-armadillos asikhulu kakhulu maqondana nomzimba. Kungaba yindilinga, ivulwe, noma ibe ngunxantathu. Amehlo mancane, embozwe amafolda esikhumba amabi, aminyene.
Izitho zezilwane zifushane, kodwa ziqine kakhulu. Zenzelwe ukumba izimbobo ezinkulu. Izinyawo zangaphambili zingaba izinzwane ezintathu noma izinzwane ezinhlanu. Iminwe inezinzipho ezinde, ezibukhali nezigobile. Imilenze yangemuva yesilwane inezinzwane ezinhlanu. Zisetshenziselwa kuphela ukunyakaza emigodini engaphansi komhlaba.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Ama-Armadillos ukuphela kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingenalo inani elijwayelekile lamazinyo. Kubantu abahlukene, kungaba kusuka ku-27 kuye ku-90. Inani labo lincike ebulilini, iminyaka, nezinhlobo.
Amazinyo akhula kuyo yonke impilo. Umlomo unolimi olude, olubonakalayo olusetshenziswa izilwane ukubamba ukudla. Ama-Armadillos anokuzwa okuhle kakhulu nomuzwa wokuhogela. Amehlo alezi zilwane akathuthuki kahle. Ababoni umbala, bahlukanisa kuphela ama-silhouettes. Izilwane azikubekezeleli ukushisa okuphansi, futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo lincike emazingeni okushisa asezingeni elifanele, futhi lingahluka lisuke kuma-37 liye kuma-31 degrees.
Ihlala kuphi inqola yempi?
Isithombe: Impi yempi eNingizimu Melika
Izifunda ezindawo esihlala kuzo isilwane:
- IMelika Ephakathi;
- I-South America;
- EMpumalanga yeMexico;
- EFlorida;
- IGeorgia;
- ENingizimu Carolina;
- Isiqhingi saseTrinidad;
- Isiqhingi iTobago;
- Isiqhingi saseMargarita;
- Isiqhingi saseGrenada;
- I-Argentina;
- EChile;
- I-Paraguay.
Njengendawo yokuhlala, ama-armadillos akhetha isimo sezulu esishisayo, esishisayo nesomile. Bangaphila endaweni yamahlathi angavamile, emathafeni anotshani, ezigodini zemithombo yamanzi, nasezindaweni ezinezimila eziphansi. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingama-savanas, izindawo ezinamahlathi emvula, izingwadule.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalaba bameleli bezilwane bakhetha isifunda sabo nendawo abahlala kuyo. Isibonelo, umkhumbi wempi onoboya uhlala ezifundeni eziphakeme. Ingakhuphukela endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000-3500 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Izimpi zempi azinamahloni ngokusondela komuntu. I-Ball armadillos ihlukaniswa ngohlamvu lwayo oluthambile. Ungajwayela ukuhlala njalo nomuntu. Uma futhi emfunza futhi engakhombisi ubudlova, khona-ke uyakwazi ukudlala naye. Izilwane zinekhono lokuzinza ngokushesha futhi zijwayele indawo entsha lapho ziguqula indawo yazo yokuhlala.
Okudliwa yinqola yempi
Isithombe: Mammal armadillo
Lapho iphila ezimweni zemvelo, idla ngokudla okuvela kuzo zombili izilwane nemvelaphi yezitshalo. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla odliwa yi-armadillos ngentokozo enkulu izintuthwane nomuhlwa. Iningi lezinhlobo ze-armadillo zingama-omnivores. I-armadillo enamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye ithathwa njengenambuzane.
Yini efakiwe ekudleni:
- Izikelemu;
- Izintuthwane;
- Izicabucabu;
- Izinyoka;
- Amaxoxo;
- Umuhlwa;
- Ofezela;
- Izibungu.
Bangadla izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezincane ezinjengezibankwa. Futhi abadeleli isidumbu, imfucuza yokudla, imifino, izithelo. Kudliwa amaqanda ezinyoni. Njengokudla kwezitshalo, kungasebenzisa amaqabunga amnandi, kanye nezimpande zezinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlaselwa ngezinyoka kuvamile. Ziyabahlasela, zisika umzimba wenyoka ngamathiphu abukhali esikalini.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Umuntu oyedwa omdala angadla izintuthwane ezifika ku-35,000 ngesikhathi.
Ukuze zifune izinambuzane, izilwane zisebenzisa izidladla ezinamandla ezinezipho ezinkulu ezimba ngazo umhlaba bese zizimba. Lapho zizizwa zilambile, zihamba kancane zifake izifonyo zazo bese ziphendula uhlaza olomile ngozipho lwazo. Izinzipho ezinamandla, ezibukhali zikuvumela ukuthi uqaqe izihlahla ezomile, iziphunzi bese uqoqa izinambuzane ezicashe lapho ngolimi olunamathelayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Uzipho olukhulu, oluqinile lukuvumela ukuthola i-asphalt yakho.
Imvamisa, ama-armadillos enza imingxuma yawo eduze kwezinduli ezinkulu, ukuze ukwelashwa kwawo okuthandayo kuhlale kuseduze. I-armadillo enamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye ingenye yalezo zinhlobo ezingadla ngisho izintuthwane zomlilo ngobuningi bazo. Izilwane azesabi ukulunywa kwazo okubuhlungu. Zimba izintuthwane, zidla izintuthwane nezibungu zazo ngamanani amakhulu. Ebusika, lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, lapho cishe kungenakwenzeka ukuthola izinambuzane, bashintshela ekudleni kwezitshalo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-Battleship Red Book
Izilwane zivame ukuhola indlela yokuphila yasebusuku esebenzayo. Abantu abasha bangasebenza ngezikhathi zasemini. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokuphakelwa kokudla, bangashiya futhi izindawo zabo zokuhlala emini bayofuna ukudla.
Ezimweni eziningi, ama-armadillos yizilwane ezizodwa. Ngokuhlukile okungajwayelekile, akhona ngababili noma njengengxenye yeqembu elincane. Isikhathi esiningi abasichitha emigodini etholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, bayaphuma kusihlwa bayofuna ukudla.
Isilwane ngasinye sihlala endaweni ethile. Ngaphakathi kwemingcele yendawo yazo yokuhlala, ama-armadillos enza izimbobo eziningana. Inombolo yabo ingaba kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-11-14. Ubude bomgodi ngamunye ongaphansi komhlaba buyimitha elilodwa kuya kwamathathu. Emgodini ngamunye, isilwane sisebenzisa izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya enyangeni ngokulandelana. Imigodi ivame ukujula, ivundle phansi. Ngamunye wabo unomnyango owodwa noma emibili. Imvamisa, ngenxa yokungaboni kahle ngemuva kokuzingela, izilwane azikwazi ukuthola umnyango wendlu yazo bese zenza okusha. Ngesikhathi sokumba izimbobo, izilwane zivikela amakhanda azo esihlabathini. Izitho zangemuva azibandakanyeki ekugqobeni.
Isilwane ngasinye sishiya amamaki ngephunga elithile ebangeni laso. Imfihlo ifihlwa yizindlala ezikhethekile ezigxile ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba. Ama-Armadillos angabhukudi abahle kakhulu. Isisindo esikhulu somzimba negobolondo elinesisindo akuphazamisi ukubhukuda, ngoba izilwane zidonsa umoya omningi, ongazivumeli ukuthi zicwile phansi.
Izilwane zibukeka zibhidlika, zibhidlika futhi zihamba kancane. Uma bezwa ingozi, bayakwazi ukungena emhlabathini ngokushesha. Uma isilwane sithusa okuthile, sigxumela phezulu kakhulu. Uma, lapho ingozi isondela, umkhumbi wempi awunaso isikhathi sokuzingcwaba emhlabathini, uvele ufike kuwo ufihle ikhanda, izitho nomsila ngaphansi kwegobolondo. Le ndlela yokuzivikela yenza zingafinyeleleki ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezizingelayo. Futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukubalekela ukujaha, bangakhula ngesivinini esanele ngokwanele.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Armadillo Cub
Isikhathi somshado sonyaka, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Abesilisa banakekela abesifazane isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, okuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-70.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Ngemuva kokwakheka kombungu kwabesifazane, ukukhula kwawo kubambezelekile. Isikhathi sokulibaziseka okunjalo sisukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuye onyakeni owodwa nohhafu kuye eminyakeni emibili.
Inqubo enjalo iyadingeka ukuze inzalo ivele ngesikhathi sesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu, esizokwandisa amathuba okusinda kwamazinyane.
Ngokuya ngohlobo, owesifazane oyedwa ovuthiwe angazala izinyane elilodwa kuya kwamane kuya kwamahlanu. Ukuzalwa kwenzalo akukhona ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesithathu yabesifazane abavuthiwe ngokocansi ababambiqhaza ekukhiqizeni futhi abayiniki inzalo. Izingane zizalwa zincane impela. Ngamunye wabo lapho ezalwa uyabona futhi unegobolondo elithambile, hhayi le-keratinized. It is ngokuphelele ossified by cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane, kufaka phakathi ama-armadillos anamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye, ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza amawele eqanda elilodwa. Ngaphandle kokubheka inani lezingane ezizalwayo, zonke zizoba ngabesifazane noma abesilisa futhi zikhule zisuka eqanda linye.
Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa bezelwe, baqala ukuhamba. Kwenyanga eyodwa nohhafu, amawundlu adla ubisi lukamama. Ngesikhathi sensimu yenyanga kancane kancane bayashiya umgodi bajoyine ukudla kwabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokuthomba kwabesilisa nabesifazane siqala ukufinyelela onyakeni owodwa nengxenye kuya kwemibili.
Kwezinye izimo, lapho insikazi ingenalo ubisi futhi ingenalutho olungondla amawundlu ayo ngokwesaba, ingazidlalela eyayo. Isikhathi sokuphila esilinganiselwe ezimweni zemvelo yiminyaka eyi-7-13, ekuthunjweni inyuka iye eminyakeni engama-20.
Izitha zemvelo ze-armadillos
Isithombe: Animal armadillo
Ngaphandle kokuthi imvelo inikeze ama-armadillos ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile, angaba yizisulu zezilwane ezinkulu nezinamandla. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abamele ama-feline nama-canine. Futhi, izingwenya nezingwenya zingazingela ama-armadillos.
Izimpi zempi azikwesabi ukusondela komuntu. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukuzingelwa amakati nezinja ezifuywayo. Futhi, imbangela yokuqothulwa kwezilwane ngumuntu. Ubulawa ukuze kukhishwe inyama nezinye izitho zomzimba, lapho kwenziwa khona izinto eziyisikhumbuzo nobucwebe.
Ukuqothulwa komuntu kubangelwa ukulinyazwa kwemfuyo. Amadlelo ambiwa yimigodi ye-armadillos abangela ukuphuka kwezitho zemfuyo. Lokhu kuphoqa abalimi ukuthi baziqothule lezi zilwane. Inani elikhulu lezilwane libhubha ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto ezisendleleni.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Battleship South America
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezine kwezingu-6 ezikhona zemikhumbi yempi zibaliwe ku-International Red Book. Izazi zezilwane zithi esinye sezinhlobo, umkhumbi wempi onamabhande amathathu, kungenzeka ukuthi wawusuqothulwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yezinga eliphansi lokuzalwa. Ingxenye yesithathu yabesifazane abavuthiwe ngokocansi ababambiqhaza ekukhiqizeni. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-armadillos ziyakwazi ukuzala kuze kufike kumawundlu ayishumi. Kodwa-ke, yingxenyana yazo kuphela esindayo.
Isikhathi eside impela, abaseMelika babhubhisa imikhumbi yempi ngenxa yenyama yabo ethambile, emnandi. Namuhla eNyakatho Melika, inyama yabo isabhekwa njengesibiliboco esikhulu. Ngama-20-30s wekhulu lama-20, babizwa ngokuthi amawundlu futhi benza izitoko zenyama, babhubhisa izilwane. Ithuluzi lokuzivikela ngesimo segobolondo libenza babe izisulu ezilula zabantu, ngoba ababaleki, kepha, kunalokho, bamane bazigoqe baba ibhola. Esinye sezizathu zokunyamalala kwalezi zinhlobo kubhekwa njengokucekelwa phansi kwendawo yemvelo, kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi.
Ukuqapha izimpi zempi
Isithombe: Impi yempi evela eRed Book
Ukuze kugcinwe lezi zinhlobo futhi kwandiswe inani lazo, izinhlobo ezine kwezingu-6 zezilwane ezikhona zifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book lomhlaba jikelele ezinesimo "sezinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala". Ezindaweni ezihlala izimpi zempi yempi, ukubhujiswa kwazo akuvunyelwe, nokugawulwa kwamahlathi nakho kunqunyelwe.
Impi yempi yisilwane esimangalisayo, esathola igama laso ukuhlonipha amasosha aseSpain, ayegqoke izikhali zensimbi. Banekhono eliyingqayizivele lokuhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi babambe umoya wabo ngaphezu kwemizuzu eyisikhombisa. Kuze kube manje, indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha kwezilwane akukacwaningisisiswa kahle ngo-zoologists.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 06.03.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/15/2019 ngo-18: 37
