Abaningi bezwile ngomuntu ohlala e-Afrika omangalisayo. Fenech fox Ingabe esinye sezilwane ezingavamile kakhulu. I-nimble kakhulu futhi iyasebenza. Impungushe encane incane kunekati elifuywayo, kepha inezindlebe ezinkulu. Ngobuso obuhle nemibala emihle. UFenech uyakwazi ukusinda ezimweni ezinzima zogwadule olushisayo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Lisa Fenech
Impungushe fennec, njengoba uhlobo, kungokwalabo oda izilwane ezidla ezinye, umndeni canine, uhlobo lwe izimpungushe. Igama lesilwane livela ku-fanak, okusho ukuthi ngokwezwi nezwi "impungushe" ngesi-Arabhu. Okokuqala, ama-fennecs agqama ngosayizi wawo omncane nezindlebe ezinkulu ngokungalingani. Ochwepheshe, banikezwe lokhu kubonakala kwesilwane, bavame ukuhlukanisa uhlobo oluhlukile lwaso, olubizwa ngeFennecus.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi, kwaziwa ukuthi i-fenech inama-chromosomes ambalwa kunezimpungushe eziningi, okuvuma ukwahlukaniswa kokuhlukaniswa kwayo kube uhlobo oluhlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanazo izindlala zemisipha, ngokungafani nezimpungushe. Ziyehluka nangendlela yazo yokuphila nangesakhiwo senhlalo.
Igama lohlobo lwesiLatin Vulpes (futhi kwesinye isikhathi uFennecus) zerda ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "impungushe eyomile." Igama lavela eqinisweni lokuthi uFenech uhlala ezindaweni ezomile zasogwadule. Ngokofuzo isihlobo sika-fennec yimpungushe enamaqabunga amakhulu, enokhokho ofanayo naye. Izimpungushe zikaFennec zathengiswa eminyakeni engaba yizigidi eziyi-4,5 edlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalingiswa abaningi be-morphological abanezimpungushe nabamele ezinye izinhlobo "ezinjengezimpungushe" bachazwa ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo okufanayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Impungushe kaFennec
Impungushe ye-fennec inosayizi omncane womzimba. Lezi zimpungushe zinesisindo esingu-1.5 kg kuphela, njengamakati amancane asekhaya. Ukuphakama kwesilwane kuncane kakhulu, cishe ngamasentimitha angama-20 ekubuneni. Ubude bomzimba buyahluka ngamasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-40, kanti nobude bomsila buthatha cishe inani elifanayo. Imidladla yesilwane imfishane futhi ifana kakhulu nekati. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amaphakethe ezinzwane ambozwe ngoboya. Lokhu kuvumela ama-fennec ukuzulazula endaweni eshisayo yomhlaba ogwadule noma esihlabathini emini.
Ividiyo: Lisa Fenech
Isifonyo sesilwane sisonke sifana nempungushe, kodwa sifushane, ngokuncipha okucijile okusondela ekhaleni. Izindlebe zama-fennecs zithakazelisa kakhulu: zinkulu uma ziqhathaniswa nosayizi ojwayelekile wempungushe, ibanzi, kepha mncane. Izindlebe ezinkulu ngokungenakulinganiswa ziyadingeka ukugcina isilwane singashisi ngokweqile. Ubukhulu obunjalo buyadingeka ezindlebeni zokuhlela ukushisa komzimba, ngoba ama-chanterelles asogwadule entula izindlala zomjuluko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yendawo enkulu yendlebe, ukuzwa kwalezi zimpungushe kuthuthuke kahle kakhulu, futhi kuyazivumela ukuthi zizwe noma imiphi imisindo yezilwane ezingaba yizihlambi zazo ezihlabathini.
Amazinyo esilwane mancane futhi abukhali kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uFenech uyakwazi ukuhlafuna kahle isembozo se-chitinous sezinambuzane. Ngemuva, umbala woboya ubomvu, kwisifonyo kanye nezidladla zilula, zibe mhlophe. Amachwane alula kakhulu ngombala kunabantu abadala, afiphala ngobudala. Ijazi limboze umzimba wonke. Uwugqinsi futhi mude ngokwanele emzimbeni nasemilenzeni. Izinwele ezisemsileni zide kakhulu, ngakho-ke zibukeka zikhulisa kakhulu ivolumu yazo. Ngokuvamile, uboya bunikeza isithombe sokuthi ama-fennecs makhulu kakhulu kunawo. Ngaphandle, kubonakala sengathi uFenech usinda kakhulu kunekhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu.
Ihlala kuphi impungushe fennec?
Isithombe: Fox Fenech
Kwi-fennec, indawo yayo engokwemvelo yindawo yezingwadule, izingwadule kanye namathafa. Ujwayele izindawo ezinkulu ezinemvula engavamile engekho ngaphezu kwama-300 mm ngonyaka, zimbozwe ikakhulukazi ngesihlabathi noma ngamatshe, nezindawo ezinotshani obuthile. Izindunduma zesihlabathi zingabhekwa njengendawo enhle.
Ngenxa yendawo ehlala kuyo, impungushe ye-fennec ibizwa nangokuthi i-desert fox. Ukushoda kwamanzi akumthusi nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lezi zilwane, empeleni, azithandi ukuhamba ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakho-ke ziyasebenza kusihlwa. Bazama ukumba izindawo zabo zokukhosela eduze kwezimila zasogwadule oluncane.
Isibonelo, izimpande ze-shrub zikulungele ukumba umgodi phakathi kwezimpande zawo. Izimbobo zezimpungushe ze-fenk zikhethekile: zinokuhamba okuningana namagatsha. Cishe phakathi nendawo phakathi kwabo, ama-fennec agcwala imibhede yawo ngotshani, uthuli, uboya noma izimpaphe. Uma isivakashi esingamenyiwe singena kwelinye lamaphaseji, isilwane singashiya indawo yokukhosela ngomunye ophumayo.
Indawo yokuhlala impungushe yasogwadule incane uma iqhathaniswa nobubanzi bezinye izimpungushe ezisabalele cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi. UFenech uhlala eNyakatho Afrika okungenani u-14 ° N. ezindaweni zalo ezingafinyeleleki nasenhlonhlweni ye-Arabia.
Ungahlangana nesilwane emazweni amaningana:
- ITunisia;
- IGibhithe;
- I-Algeria;
- ELibya;
- EMorocco;
- IMauritania;
- IRiphabhlikhi yaseChad;
- ENiger;
- ISudan;
- U-Israyeli.
Abantu abaningi kakhulu bezimpungushe zasogwadule batholakala oGwadule lwaseSahara.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: UFenech uyisilwane esihlala phansi, asishintshi indawo yaso ngisho nokushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka.
Yini edliwa impungushe ye-fennec?
Isithombe: Little Fennec Fox
Izimpungushe zamaFennec azikhethi ekudleni kwazo. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo abahlala kuyo. Ezingwadule, akudingeki bakhethe, ngakho badla noma yini abangayithola. Ngakho-ke, noma iziphi izimpande ezibiwe zingasebenza njengomthombo womsoco kanye nomthombo wamanzi amancane. Zonke izithelo namajikijolo atholakalayo nawo asetshenziswa ama-fennec ekudleni, kepha aziziningi ezingwadule, ngakho-ke akuzona ukudla okuyinhloko kwezimpungushe. Esinye isici sesilwane ukuthi singaba ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi sithola uketshezi oludingekayo kumajikijolo adliwe nezitshalo.
Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi imvelo inikeze ama-fenniks ngezindlebe ezinkulu kangaka. Ngokuhambisana nokuzwa okuhle kakhulu, babamba noma yimaphi ama-rustles enziwe ngisho nama-vertebrate amancane nezinambuzane ezisesihlabathini noma ngaphansi komhlaba, ngakho-ke azidabule ngokushesha bese ziyahlafuna.
Bayakujabulela ukudla:
- amagundane amancane (i-vole mouse);
- izibankwa;
- amaphuphu.
Futhi, isilwane sithanda ukudla amaqanda. Imvamisa, uFenech udla izinsalela zempango yomunye umuntu nezilwane ezife ngokufa kwemvelo. I-carrion ingaba ngisho nokudla okuningi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala izinsalela zesilwane esikhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: impungushe ye-fennec igcina ukudla okweqile endaweni ebekiwe, kepha ngokungafani nezingweje ezifanayo, impungushe ye-fennec izikhumbula kahle izinqolobane zayo nezindawo zayo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Sand fox Fenech
UFenki uyadlala kakhulu futhi unelukuluku lokwazi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, bayaqaphela kakhulu futhi bayimfihlo. Emini, bavame ukuba nomdlandla futhi basebenze kakhulu cishe u-15% wesikhathi, bezolile futhi bekhululekile cishe ngama-20%, kanti sonke isikhathi balala kahle.
Imisebenzi eyintandokazi kaFennec kukholakala ukuthi imba izimbobo futhi igxume. Isibonelo, ngenkathi izingela, ikwazi ukugxuma cishe amasentimitha angama-70. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude bokweqa kwakhe bungafinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu, okukuningi impela ngosayizi wakhe omncane.
Ukuzingela, njengayo yonke eminye imisebenzi eyisisekelo, yesilwane kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ebusuku, lapho izinga lokushisa elincane liwela kumanani amukelekile. Phakathi kwezici zezimpungushe zasogwadule, kungaphawulwa ukuthi uboya bazo obukhulu buyavikela, yize buvikela emakhazeni, kepha impungushe ye-fennec iqala ukubanda ngisho naku-20 degrees of heat, okuzibonakalisa eqinisweni lokuthi iqala ukuqhaqhazela ngenxa yamakhaza. UFenech uzama ukuzingela yedwa.
Ukuvikela elangeni, impungushe kaFennec ingamba umgodi omusha njalo ebusuku. Umba imigodi kalula kangangokuthi ngobusuku obubodwa angamba umhubhe ongafika kumamitha ayisithupha ubude ngaphandle kwemizamo ebonakalayo. UFenech angazingcwaba esihlabathini hhayi nje kuphela ukuze avikeleke elangeni, kodwa futhi uma ezwa noma iyiphi ingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukuzingcwaba masinyane kangangokuthi kungabonakala sengathi lesi silwane besivele silapha, kepha manje asisatholakali, njengokungathi besingekho ngokushesha. Babheka ngaphandle kweminki ku-sly, kuqala bahambisa izindlebe, balalele ngokucophelela, bahogele umoya, bese kuthi kancane kancane baphume esihlabathini.
Banemibono yasebusuku ethuthuke kahle kakhulu. Ubukhali bebonke bukhuphukile ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-retina ekhanyayo ekhethekile, esiza ukukhanyisa izinto ezibonwayo, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso. Ebusuku, ukubuka kufana ncamashi nokwe-feline, ngaphandle kokuthi emakati sijwayele ukubuka ukukhanya okuluhlaza okuvela emehlweni, nakuma-fennecs amehlo akhanya abomvu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Impungushe kaFennec
Izimpungushe zamaFennec yizilwane zomphakathi. Imvamisa zihlala ngamaqembu amancane afinyelela kwabayishumi. Amaqembu akhiwa ngesisekelo semikhakha yomndeni futhi imvamisa aqukethe imibhangqwana eshadile ephelele, inzalo yabo engakakhuli kahle, futhi kwesinye isikhathi, yezingane eziningi ezindala ezingakazenzeli imindeni yazo Iqembu ngalinye linendawo yalo ethize, imingcele yayo ibhalwe umchamo nendle. Abesilisa abaqavile eqenjini bachama kaningi nangaphezulu kunabanye abantu. Izimpungushe zasogwadule zingabavikeli abakhuthele bothela babo nensimu yabo.
UFenkies uyathandana kakhulu. Njengezinye izilwane zenhlalo, basebenzisa izinhlobo eziningana zokuxhumana - zombili ezibukwayo nezithintekayo, futhi, nomqondo wokuhogela. Imidlalo ibaluleke ngokukhethekile ekugcineni isigaba sabaphathi kanye nesakhiwo senhlalo eqenjini. Uhlobo lwemidlalo lungashintsha ngosuku olulodwa, nangesizini. I-Vocalization ithuthukiswa kakhulu ezilwaneni. Bobabili abadala nemidlwane, ngenhloso yokuxhumana, bangenza imisindo yokushwibeka, imisindo efana nokuhayiza, bayakwazi ukukhonkotha, ukuhayiza, ukugquma nokuhayiza. Ukukhala kukaFennec kufushane, kodwa kuzwakala kakhulu.
AmaFenkies yizilwane ezizodwa. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, evame ukuhlala amasonto ama-4-6, abesilisa baba nolaka ngokwengeziwe, futhi ngasikhathi sinye baqale ukumaka izindawo zabo ngomchamo. Ukuzala kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka, imvamisa ngoJanuwari-Februwari. Uma inzalo ifile ngesizathu esithile, khona-ke abadala bangaphinda bazale imidlwane eminingi, okuvame ukwenzeka uma kunokudla okuningi.
Ama-fennec wesilisa angobaba abahle kakhulu. Zisiza insikazi ukuvikela amawundlu ayo, kepha insikazi ayikuvumeli ukuthi ihlangane nemidlwane ize iqale ukudlala yodwa eduze kwesango lomhume wayo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka cishe amasonto amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha ubudala. Iduna liletha ukudla emgodini. Ngenxa yokuthi insikazi iziphatha kabi futhi ivikela imidlwane yayo kuye, eyeduna ayingeni emgodini, kepha ishiya ukudla eduze.
Isikhathi se-fennecs sithatha izinyanga ezimbili. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye kubantu besifazane u-estrus akahlali isikhathi eside - izinsuku ezimbili kuphela. Insikazi iyaqonda kwabesilisa ngokulungela kwayo ukukhwelana ngokuma komsila. Uyisa endaweni evundlile ohlangothini olulodwa.
Izitha zemvelo zempungushe ye-fennec
Isithombe: Impungushe enezindlebe ezinde
I-Fenkies yizilwane ezinobungqabavu futhi ezinamahloni, ezihola umsebenzi wazo ebusuku. Endle, abanazo neze izitha. Izitha ezingaba khona zihlanganisa izimpungushe, izimpisi, nezimpungushe zesihlabathi, ezihlangana nalezo ze-fennec. Kepha izinsongo zabo aziqondile ngqo. Ukuzwa okuhle kakhulu kuvumela ama-fennecs ukuthi akwazi ukuthola umuntu angamazi kusengaphambili futhi acashe kuye lapho elalele khona.
Isitha esiyinhloko se-fennec yisikhova, okuthi, naphezu kokuqina nokushesha kwe-fennec, sikwazi ukuzingela impungushe yasogwadule. Isikhova sindiza buthule, ngakho-ke singabamba ithole elingalindelekile eduze komhosha, noma ngabe abazali baso baseduze ngaleso sikhathi.
Futhi, isitha se-fennec sithathwa njenge-lynx yasehlane - i-caracal, kodwa lokhu kungubufakazi obungaqondile, ngoba akekho noyedwa wabantu obonile ofakazi bokuzibonela bokuzingela kwakhe i-fennec. Eqinisweni, ukuphela kwezitha zangempela zempungushe yasogwadule umuntu oyizingelayo nezinambuzane ezincane, isibonelo, i-helminths.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Impungushe yase-Afrika i-Fennec fox
Isimo sezinhlobo okwamanje okwamanje asikhathazi kangako. Inani eliphelele lezimpungushe zasogwadule emvelweni alikaze lilinganiselwe ngokunembile yinoma ngubani. Kepha ukwahlulela ngokuthi isilwane sitholakala kangaki, kanye nenani labantu ababanjwa njalo abahlali bendawo, khona-ke inani lamafenisi libalulekile, futhi inani labantu lisesimweni esizinzile. Ema-zoo emhlabeni jikelele, kunabantu abangaba ngu-300. Futhi, izilwane eziningi zigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Azikho izizathu ezibucayi zokwehlisa inani eliphelele lezilwane okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, izindawo ezizungeze Ugwadule iSahara, njengezinye izifunda eziningi ezomile ezazingahlali muntu, kancane kancane ziyaqala ukubuyiswa ngabantu, okwandisa ubungozi kwabanye abantu. Isibonelo, eningizimu yeMorocco, ezindaweni lapho kwakhiwa khona izindawo ezintsha zokuhlala impungushe fennec wanyamalala. Izilwane zingaphansi kokuzingelwa okuvunyelwe. Zitholwa ikakhulukazi ngoboya. Kepha futhi bavame ukubanjwa ukuthi baphinde bathengiswe njengezilwane ezifuywayo eNyakatho Melika noma eYurophu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 27.02.2019
Usuku lokubuyekeza: 09/15/2019 ngo-19: 30
