IBarbary lion kwaba umhlaseli enkulu emndenini ikati, wayaziwa ngokuthi Atlas. Ibhubesi laseKapa kuphela elalingancintisana naye. Ngeshwa, lezi zilwane ezinomusa azisakwazi ukuhlangana ezimweni zemvelo. Baqothulwa ngokuphelele emuva eminyakeni yama-20. Yibo kuphela ama-feline asetshenziselwe ngokuphelele ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba. Imisebenzi yabantu yaba imbangela yokuqothulwa kwabo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Ingonyama iBarbary yayiyilungu lezilwane ezincelisayo. Izilwane zimele ukuhleleka kwezilwane ezidla inyama, umndeni we-feline, uhlobo lwe-panther nezinhlobo zebhubesi. Ezikhathini zasendulo, izilwane zazivame kakhulu futhi zihlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo yezwekazi lase-Afrika. Abamele lolu hlobo oluthile babesetshenziswa nguKarl Linnaeus ukuchaza amabhubesi.
Cishe ukhokho wengonyama iBarbary kwakuyingonyama kaMosbach. Wayemkhulu kakhulu kunomlandeli wakhe. Ubude bomzimba wamabhubesi aseMosbakh bafinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili nohhafu ngaphandle komsila, ukuphakama nakho kwakucishe kube uhhafu wemitha ukuphakama. Kwakungalezi zinhlobo zezilwane lapho izilwane ezidla imihume zomndeni we-feline zavela khona eminyakeni engamakhulu amathathu ezinkulungwane edlule. Kamuva basakazeka kuyo yonke insimu yeYurophu yanamuhla.
ERoma lasendulo, kwakuyizilwane lezi ezazivame ukusetshenziselwa izimpi zokulwa, kanye nezimpi zokuzijabulisa nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezizingelayo. Okutholakele kwasekuqaleni kwemivubukulo, okukhombisa izihlobo zasendulo zezidlakela zaseBarbary, cishe zineminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha nohhafu ubudala. Zatholwa endaweni yase-Isernia - lesi yisifunda se-Italy yanamuhla.
Izinsalela kuthiwa zenziwa yizinhlobo ze-panthera leo fossilis, izihlobo zebhubesi laseMosbakh. Kamuva nje, amabhubesi ahlala eChukotka, e-Alaska, kanye naseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Ngenxa yokwandiswa kwendawo yokuhlala, kwavela enye imiphakathi - ibhubesi laseMelika. Yanyamalala ngokuphelele eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 000 edlule ngenkathi yokugcina yeqhwa.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: The Last Barbary Lion
Ubukhulu nokubukeka komzingeli kwakumangalisa ngempela. Isisindo samadoda sifinyelele kusuka kuma-150 kuya kuma-250 kilogram. I-dimorphism yezocansi iyabizwa. Ubuningi besifazane abuzange budlule amakhilogremu ayi-170. Kwakukhona abantu, ngokusho kwamanothi wezilwane, ngesisindo somzimba sidlula uphawu lwamakhilogremu angamakhulu amathathu.
Isici esivelele sebhubesi iBarbary - umhlwenga omude, omude emadodeni, ongafakwanga ikhanda kuphela, kodwa futhi nengxenye ebalulekile yomzimba. Izimila zimboza amahlombe ezilwane, imihlane yazo futhi ngisho nengxenye yesisu. Imane lalimnyama, licishe libe mnyama. Ngokuphambene nombala wemane, umbala womzimba uwonke ubukhanya. Umzimba we-felines unamandla, uqinile, unombala omncane.
Amabhubesi ayenekhanda elikhulu, alule kancane. Izilwane zanikwa imihlathi enamandla, eqinile. Babenamazinyo ayishumi nambili, phakathi kwawo ayemakhulu, amathini abukhali afinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-7-8 ubude. Ulimi olude lwalugqitshwe izinduna ezincane, ngenxa yokuthi izidalwa zazibheka uboya futhi zeqa ezinambuzaneni ezincela igazi. Phezulu kwekhanda kwakukhona izindlebe ezincane eziyindilinga. Isifonyo sasinezifele zesikhumba engxenyeni engaphambili. Umzimba wabantu abasha, abangakavuthwa wawunombala ohlukile. Ama-specks amancane ayevelele ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane zebhubesi. Ezingonyamazaneni, zanyamalala ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwenzalo yokuqala.
Bonke abamele umndeni wezilwane ezidla ezinye zihlukaniswa yimisipha ekhule kakhulu. Imisipha yentamo nezingalo zangaphambili yathuthukiswa ngokukhethekile engonyameni yaseBarbary. Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2.2 - 3.2. Izilwane zazinomsila omude, ubukhulu bayo budlule kancane imitha elilodwa. Esihlokweni somsila kukhona ibhulashi lezinwele ezimnyama, ezijiyile.
Laba bameleli bomndeni wezilwane ezidla ezinye babehlukaniswa yimilenze emifushane, kodwa enamandla kakhulu. Amandla womthelela womunye, isitho sangaphambili safinyelela kuma-kilogram ayi-170! Imilenze, ikakhulukazi eyangaphambili, yayinezinzipho ezinde kakhulu. Usayizi wabo wafinyelela kumasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili. Ngosizo lokushaywa okunjalo, izilwane ezidla ezinye zingabulala umsele kalula ngisho nangesilwane esikhulu esingaboli.
Ihlala kuphi ibarbary lion?
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Indawo yokuhlala yabanobuhle be-Atlas kwakuyizwekazi lase-Afrika. Iningi lazo laligxile ezindaweni eziseNingizimu nasenyakatho yezwekazi. Yizona kuphela izinhlanzi eziguqulwe zaba sezintabeni. Izilwane zakhetha amahlathi asemahlathini, ama-steppes, ama-savanna, ama-semi-desert, kanye nesifunda sezintaba ze-Atlas njengendawo yazo yokuhlala.
Izilwane zazikhetha indawo embozwe izihlahlana eziminyene nezinye izimila njengendawo yokuhlala. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze bakwazi ukuzingela nokuzitholela ukudla kwabo. Umbala wesikhumba uhlanganiswe notshani obude futhi wenza ukuthi kube lula ukuhlala ungabonakali ngesikhathi sokuqamekela.
Izazi ze-Zoologists zithi umhlwenga omkhulu nogqinsi onjalo wenzelwe ukuvikela umzimba wesilwane ngenkathi uhamba emahlathini aminyene. Izimila zinomsebenzi ovikelayo, wokuvikela izilwane elangeni elishisa kakhulu lase-Afrika. Amabhubesi abesifazane ase-Atlas ayefihla inzalo yawo otshanini obude noma ezihlahleni eziminyene kwezinye izilwane.
Imfuneko yokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezidlakela zeBarbary ubukhona besiziba. Kungaba umfudlana omncane noma isiphethu sentaba. Okwamanje, asikho nesisodwa isilwane sangempela emvelo esisele esimweni semvelo noma ekuthunjweni. Amanye amapaki kazwelonke nama-zoo anezilwane eziweliswe namabhubesi eBarbary.
Idla ini ibhubesi iBarbary?
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Amabhubesi e-Atlas, njengabanye abamele umndeni wezilwane ezidla ezinye, ayengabantu abadla inyama. Ukudla okuyinhloko inyama. Umuntu omdala oyedwa ubedinga cishe amakhilogremu ayi-10 okudla kwenyama ngosuku. Ngenxa yomhlwenga wabo omnyama omkhulu futhi obukhulu, abesilisa abakwazanga njalo ukuzifihla kahle futhi bangabonakali.
Impango yomzingeli we-Atlas kwakungama-ungulates amakhulu kakhulu:
- inyathi;
- izinsephe;
- izingulube zasendle;
- izimbuzi zasentabeni;
- Izinkomo Arab;
- bubala;
- amadube;
- izinhlwathi.
Ngokungabikho kwezilwane ezinkulu ezidla inyama, amabhubesi awazange azidelele izisulu ezincane - izinyoni, amajerboa, inhlanzi, amagundane. Amabhubesi ayengabazingeli abahle kakhulu, abahlukaniswa ukusabela kombani okusheshayo. Ngesikhathi sokujaha, zazingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-70-80 km / h. Kodwa-ke, kwakungajwayelekile ngabo ukuhamba amabanga amade ngaleli jubane. Futhi, izilwane zingagxuma zifike kumamitha ayi-2,5.
Amabhubesi e-Atlas ayengabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Bazingela izilwane ezinkulu njengengxenye yeqembu. Ezindaweni ezivulekile, iningi labantu besifazane babamba iqhaza ekuzingeleni. Babekwazi ukuzingela inyamazane yabo isikhathi eside, bahlale beqamekele bese belinda umzuzu ofanele. Abesilisa babengayengela izinyamazane lapho bezolinda. Bahlasele ngokugxuma okubukhali, baluma amazinyo abo entanyeni yesisulu.
Uma izilwane bekufanele zithole ukudla endaweni enezintaba, abesilisa nabo bebengabamba iqhaza ekuzingeleni, ngoba endaweni enjalo kulula kakhulu ukunganakwa. Izisulu ezincane zazingadingi ukuzingelwa ndawonye; izingonyama zawo zazizingela ngamunye ngamunye. Ngemuva kokudla, izingonyama zazithanda ukuya emgodini wokunisela. Izilwane zazingaphuza kuze kufike kumalitha angama-20-30 amanzi ngesikhathi.
Amabhubesi e-Atlas ayethathwa njengezidliwayo ezihloniphekile, ngoba awazange abulale ama-ungulates ukuze nje azijabulise noma azijabulise. Kwakuvamile ukuthi izilwane zizingele ukuze zizondle. Izilwane ezidla ezinye zingashiya izinsalela zezilwane ezinkulu ikakhulukazi ezingadliwe ezigcinwe. Amabhubesi ayekugada ngokucophelela ukudla kwezinye izilwane ezincane, ezidla ezinye.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Amabhubesi eBarbary awazange athande ukudala ukuziqhenya okukhulu. Ekuhloleni kokuziqhenya ngakunye kwakukhona ibhubesikazi elinolwazi futhi elihlakaniphile. Babevame ukuhlala nokuzingela bodwa, noma bakhe amaqembu amancane abantu aba-3-5. Amawundlu ebhubesi ahlala nonina aze abe neminyaka emibili, bese ahlukana futhi ahola impilo eyodwa. La maqembu ayequkethe ikakhulukazi abesifazane abanezibopho zomndeni komunye nomunye. Imvamisa abesilisa nabesifazane babehlangana endaweni eyodwa kuphela ngesikhathi somshado ngenhloso yokuzala.
Iqembu ngalinye lezilwane, noma ibhubesi elilodwa lalinendawo ethile, elalivikelwe ngokucophelela kubantu abangabazi. Ngokuvamile, abesilisa bavikela ilungelo labo lokungena endaweni ethile, ngenkathi belwa, noma besabisana ngokubhonga okukhulu. Amabhubesikazi azalelwe ngaphakathi kokuziqhenya ahlala kuwo ngokungapheli. Abantu bobulili besifazane abangakafiki esikhathini sokuthomba babelana nabhubesikazi abadala ukunakekela inzalo, babafundisa ukuzingela.
Abesilisa bakushiya lapho bethomba futhi bahola indlela yokuphila ezimele, ababevame ukuhlangana namanye amabhubesi asebudala obufanayo. Umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukuzala. Babevame ukuhlanganyela ezimpini ezinamandla zokubaluleka kokuziqhenya. Ngemuva kokunqoba, owesilisa omusha, onamandla futhi omncane wabhubhisa yonke inzalo yomholi wangaphambili ukuze akhe eyakhe.
Abesilisa babevame ukumaka indawo yabo yokuhlala ngokufafaza umchamo. Abesifazane babengenayo imikhuba enjalo. Amabhubesi e-Atlas, njengabanye abamele amakati adlayo, ayephumelela kakhulu ekukhulumisaneni. Amabhubesi, afinyelela onyakeni owodwa ubudala, afunda ukubhonga nokwenza imisindo yamathoni ahlukahlukene.
Kwabesifazane, leli khono lazibonakalisa kamuva kakhulu. Basebenzise nokuxhumana ngqo nokuthinta ukuxhumana. Ngokwesibonelo, babethintana lapho bebingelelana. Abesilisa babevame ukukhombisa ukuhlukumeza abanye besilisa emzabalazweni welungelo lokungena emshadweni, kanye nelungelo lokuhlala endaweni ethile. Amabhubesi ayebekezelela kakhulu amabhubesikazi.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Kwakuvamile ukuthi amabhubesi eBarbary angene emshadweni futhi anikeze inzalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi somshado isikhathi esiningi sawela esikhathini semvula. Amabhubesikazi afinyelela ebusheni emva kwezinyanga ezingama-24 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kepha inzalo yanikezwa kungakadluli izinyanga ezingama-48 kamuva. Abesilisa bafinyelela ebusheni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunabesifazane. Ingonyama ngayinye evuthiwe ngokobulili yakwazi ukuzala izinyane elilodwa kuya kweziyisithupha. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa akuzange kudlule abathathu. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka njalo eminyakeni emi-3-7.
Amabhubesi e-Atlas ayenesithembu. Ngemuva kwesikhathi somshado, ukukhulelwa kwaqala. Kwathatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu nengxenye. Ngaphambi kokubeletha, ibhubesikazi lashiya indawo yokuziqhenya kwalo futhi layothatha umhlalaphansi endaweni ethule, eyimfihlo, etholakala ikakhulukazi emahlathini aminyene. Izingane ezizalwe zazimbozwe ngamabala amnyama futhi zinesisindo esingama-3-5 kilograms. Ubude bomzimba wengonyama yengonyama ngesikhathi sokuzalwa bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30 - 40. Izingane zazalwa zingaboni. Baqala ukubona ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10, futhi bahamba kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2-3. Phakathi namasonto okuqala okuphila kwayo, ibhubesikazi laliseduze njalo namazinyane asanda kuzalwa.
Wayezifihla ngokucophelela, azivikele kwezinye izidumbu. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, ibhubesikazi labuyela ekuziqhenyeni namazinyane alo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-3-4 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, izingane zanikezwa ukudla kwenyama. Ngemuva kwenyanga, babekwazi ukubuka ukuthi amabhubesikazi amadala azingela kanjani futhi azitholele ukudla. Kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, eziyisikhombisa ubudala, amawundlu engonyama asevele ebambe iqhaza ekuzingeleni. Kodwa-ke, ubisi lwebele lwalusekudleni kuze kube unyaka owodwa. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila komzingeli waseBarbary ezimweni zemvelo kwakuyiminyaka eyi-15-18.
Izitha zemvelo zamabhubesi eBarbary
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Njengoba zihlala ezimweni zemvelo, izingonyama zaseBarbary zazingenazo izitha. Asikho esinye isilwane esidliwayo esasiphazamisa impilo yamabhubesi, ngoba sasinethuba ngosayizi, amandla namandla. Okuwukuphela kwento eyayingaphandle kwakuyizingwenya, ezazingahlasela amabhubesi lapho zinisela. Futhi, amawundlu amakati ayizisulu ayeyizisulu ezilula zezinye, izidlakela ezincane - izimpisi, izimpungushe.
Kwakunezizathu eziningi zokwehla okusheshayo kwenani lamabhubesi e-Atlas:
- Ukufa kwamathole engonyama ngesikhathi sokushintsha kweduna eliyinhloko;
- Izifo ne-helminths ezithinta amabhubesi lapho zidla inyama eluhlaza;
- Ukufaniswa kwabantu kwezindawo ezinkudlwana;
- Ukuzingela ngokungemthetho
- Shintsha ku-flora nezilwane, ukuntuleka kwemithombo yokudla;
- Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezulu kwengxenye yamazinyane ezingonyama afa ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila;
- Namuhla, isitha esiyinhloko senani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezilwane ngumuntu nemisebenzi yakhe.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Barbary Lion
Namuhla, ibhubesi iBarbary laziwa njengohlobo olunyamalale ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu. Ummeleli wokugcina walolu hlobo wabulawa ngabazingeli abangekho emthethweni ngo-1922 ezintabeni i-Atlas. Isikhathi esithile bekucatshangwa ukuthi kunabantu abaningana abakhona ezimweni zeziqiwi neziqiwu. Noma kunjalo, le nguqulo ayikaqinisekiswa.
Amabhubesi atholakele ema-zoo, ngokungangabazeki afana nezilwane ezidla ezinye ze-Atlas, kepha awazona izizukulwane ezihlanzekile zezinhlobo. IBarbary lion wanyamalala ngenxa yomsebenzi wabantu. Izilwane eziningi ngokwengeziwe zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, noma seziqothulwe ngokuphelele. Izinhlobo zezilwane ezingasekho ngeke ziphinde zikwazi ukuvuselelwa.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 12.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/16/2019 ngo-14: 34
