Muhle ibheji iqhawe lamakhathuni amaningi nezinganekwane. Ukubukeka kwakhe okuhle kwaziwa kithi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kwabaningi, ubonakala eyisigaxa esimnene futhi esinomusa. Eqinisweni, akayona ingozi futhi uzokwazi ukuzondla yena nomndeni wakhe we-badger.
Futhi izindlu zamabheji zimane nje zizinhle. Ngeyomndeni weasel, i-badger oda, futhi uthathwa njengomuntu odla ezinye. Umhlangano webheji uyivelakancane, yize indawo yawo yokusabalalisa ibanzi ngokwanele, futhi lesi silwane sinesimo esikhethekile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Badger
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-badger iyilungu lomndeni wama-marten, ingezilwane ezincelisayo ezivela kuhlobo lwezinhlamvu. I-marten noma i-marten bamele iqembu lezilwane ezidlayo. Lo mndeni unezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene - ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu. Ngakho-ke kufaka phakathi: i-ferret, i-otter, i-mink, i-wolverine, i-marten futhi, nembala. Zivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba.
Ezizingelayo, zincane kakhulu, kukhona nezincane kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba buhluka kusuka ku-11 cm (weasel) kuye kwimitha elilodwa nohhafu (sea otter). Umzimba uvame ukuba nomusa futhi uvuleke, yize kukhona nabamele abakhulu (i-wolverine ne-badger).
Ngokuqondene nama-badger ikakhulukazi, kunezinhlobo zazo:
- Imbila yase-Asia;
- Imbila yaseJapan;
- I-badger yaseYurophu (ejwayelekile);
- Imbila yaseMelika.
Zonke zihlukile komunye nomunye hhayi kuphela endaweni yazo yokuhlala, kepha ngombala woboya bazo, imikhuba ethile nezici zangaphandle. ERussia, i-badger (yaseYurophu) inemvume yokuhlala unomphela, ukubukeka kwayo okuhehayo okwaziwa kahle ngabaningi.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Animal badger
Ngokuya ngosayizi womndeni wayo, imbila inkulu impela futhi inkulu. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bungafika kumitha elilodwa. Umsila ungaba ngu-25 cm ubude. Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane. I-badger ibukeka ingahambi kahle, ngoba umzimba wayo unesimo esiyindilinga, esincipha sifike embhedeni wesifonyo, futhi sinesisekelo esibanzi impela ngemuva. Ubukeka ondla kahle futhi eqinile, ikakhulukazi ekwindla, lapho eseqala ukukhuluphala, elungiselela ukungena ebusika. Isisindo sebheji ngokuvamile cishe singama-24 kg, kanti ngaphambi kobusika sifinyelela kuma-34 kg.Ikhanda lembila linwetshiwe, izindlebe zincane, ziyindilinga.
Ezansi komsila wezimbila kunezindlala zangasese, ezikhipha iphunga elibi nelicacile. Usiza izilwane ukuthola abantu besizwe sazo futhi zithole ulimi olufanayo nazo. Imilenze emifushane futhi enamandla yamabhali enezinzipho ezinde iyamsiza ekumbeni izimbobo ezijule kakhulu, ezivame ukuphenduka amadolobha angaphansi komhlaba wonke. Ama-molars ama-badgers aqinile kakhulu ngendawo eyisicaba, ngenxa yawo, angakwazi ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukudla okweqile, akugaye ngawo njengamatshe okugaya.
Ividiyo: Badger
Emzimbeni nasemsileni, ikhava yoboya bamadevu yinde kakhulu, kodwa iqatha futhi ifana namabhulashi. Mfushane futhi uthambile emilenzeni nasendaweni yekhanda. Kunengubo yangaphansi efudumele futhi ethambile ngaphansi koboya obude, obumahhadla. Umbala webhatshi le-badger usuka kokumpunga kuya kokunsundu, uvolo uvame ukuba nesiliva elicwebezelayo. Ngezansi kwebheji kumnyama, kucishe kube mnyama. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, umbala ungashintsha, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala. Ibheji evamile yinhle kakhulu futhi ayijwayelekile ngemibala yayo.
Ebusweni obuncane obumhlophe, kunemivimbo emibili ebanzi yombala omnyama, osuka ekhaleni uye ezindlebeni ezihlanzekile ezinokuluhlaza okumhlophe. Le migqa inamehlo amancanyana acwebezelayo amnyama anikeza isilwane ukubukeka okuhle futhi okuhle. Ezinyangeni zasebusika, umbala we-badger uyakhanya, kanti ehlobo kuba mnyama futhi kukhanye. Izilwane molt zihlala kulo lonke ihlobo, futhi ekwindla uboya obusha nobuhle buqala ukukhula.
Ihlalaphi imbila?
Isithombe: Badger ehlathini
Isizwe sama-badger sisakazeke kuwo wonke umhlaba. Imbila ihlala cishe kuyo yonke iYurophu ngaphandle kwasenyakatho yeFinland neScandinavia, ngoba inhlabathi iba yiqhwa kakhulu kulezi zifunda. Lesi silwane saphinde sahlala eTranscaucasia, ezindaweni zase-Asia Minor nase-Asia Minor, eCaucasus. I-badger ithanda amahlathi ahlukahlukene, ingahlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba, nase-steppe, ngisho nasehlane eliwugwadule. IBadger ikhetha izindawo eziseduze nemizimba yamanzi, into esemqoka ukuthi lezi zindawo azivelwanga yizikhukhula zasentwasahlobo, zihlala zomile njalo.
Umgodi oyintandokazi we-badger uyisiphephelo nekhaya elithokomele, lapho echitha khona isikhathi eside. Lesi silwane sithanda ukwakha izindawo zokuhlala ngasemaphethelweni emifula namachibi, emithambekeni ehlukahlukene yamagquma.
I-badger ejwayelekile ayiguquki futhi iyalondoloza, ngakho-ke umgodi wayo ungaba indawo yokuhlala yomndeni ongaphezu koyedwa, udlulela ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo ngefa. Imbila, njengenkosi ehlonishwayo, idlulisela enzalweni yayo izindawo zayo ezinkulu, ezijulile nezihlotshisiwe, eziye zenziwa futhi zenziwa ngcono eminyakeni edlule.
Ezindaweni lapho kungasweleki khona ukudla, imindeni eyahlukene yama-badger ingahlala ndawonye, ihlanganise imingxunya yayo ngamaphaseji angaphansi komhlaba. Kuvela ihostela eliphelele lebheji, elingaphansi komhlaba elinganwebela insimu enkulu, lakhe imibuso ephelele engaphansi komhlaba lapho kuhlala khona ama-badger. Ama-labyrinths anjalo angaphansi komhlaba anesakhiwo esinemigqa eminingi esinenombolo enkulu yokungena nokuphuma kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokuvuleka komoya.
Emaphaseji amnyama ungathola ikamelo lokudlela elingaphezu kwelilodwa, elenziwa lajula (amamitha amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ngaphansi komhlaba), athokomele kakhulu, anethezekile, ahlala njalo embozwe ngotshani obomile. Lezi zindawo zokwakha izidleke azitholakali ukuthola amanzi asephepheni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kunezimbila ezihlala zodwa ezihlala emigodini emincane ejwayelekile.
I-badger inomnotho kakhulu futhi ihlelekile, igcina ihlelekile emzini wayo, ilahla udoti njalo futhi iguqulela udoti kwenye. Uze akhiphe indlu yangasese ngaphandle kwendawo yomgodi wakhe, noma ayinikeze igumbi elikude elikhethekile. Emigodini kukhona namanye amakamelo adingekayo ekhaya. Abaningi kufanele bafunde ukucoceka nothando ngenhlanzeko nokunethezeka, njengebheji.
Idliwa yini imbila?
Isithombe: Badger ngokwemvelo
I-badger isebenza kakhulu ebusuku, njengegundane le-vole, yize ingaqala ukuzingela ngaphambi kokuba mnyama bese iqhubeka nokusa. Angabizwa ngokuthi omnivorous, kepha ukhetha ukudla kwezilwane. Imbila iyathanda ukudla amagundane amancane, amaxoxo, izibankwa. Futhi akazideleli izinyoni, akazidli nje kuphela, kodwa namaqanda avela ezidlekeni. Imbila iyathanda ukubulala isibungu ngokudla izikelemu zomhlaba, izibungu ezahlukahlukene, zonke izinhlobo zezimbungulu, imollusks, ama-slugs, iminenke.
Imbila idla ngisho nezinyoka ezinobuthi, ubuthi bazo abuyona ingozi kuye, ngoba isilwane sinokuzivikela ngokumelene naso. Uma unenhlanhla, khona-ke lo mhlaseli angadonsela onogwaja abancane, abathandayo naye. Ukutshala ukudla kuye nakho kuwumthombo wokudla. Udla njalo amajikijolo, amantongomane, amakhowe, utshani, izimpande ezisuka emhlabathini futhi udla zonke izinhlobo zezimpande. Bathanda ukuvakashela ama-badger nomhlaba otshaliwe oseduze nendawo abasebenza kuyo. Ezitshalweni ezilinyiwe, zithanda ummbila nemidumba ehlukahlukene.
Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha ebusuku, i-badger ihamba amabanga amade, ihlola iziqu zemithi ezigawuliwe ifuna izimpethu eziyizintandokazi nezinye izinambuzane.
Angathola amaxoxo afinyelela kuma-70 nezinambuzane ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezihlukene ubusuku ngabunye. Isikhathi sansuku zonke, yanele kuphela u-500 g wokudla. Lapho kufika ikwindla, uyadla, adle ukudla okuningi kakhulu, ukuze amafutha amaningi asize ekusindeni ebusika ngokuphelele, azikhohlwe ephusheni elimnandi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Badger
Ukufanisa ukubukeka kwayo okuhle, isimilo nesimo sebheji sinobungane impela. Imbila evamile ayinalo nolaka nhlobo. Lapho ehlangane nomzingeli omkhulu, noma umuntu, uzama ukuhamba ngesiNgisi, ecasha emgodini wakhe othokomele. Ukuphakama komsebenzi we-badger kwenzeka ebusuku ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Ngokwayo, unomsindo impela, ungezwa ukukhukhumeza kwakhe okukhulu neminye imisindo ehlekisayo, ubone ukuhamba kwakhe ngokungahambi kahle nokuhlekisayo.
Ama-badger abenebhadi ngeso lawo - anakho buthaka, kepha ikhala alizange lidumaze. Iphunga le-badger libukhali, ukuzwa nakho kuyamukeleka, ngenxa yalokhu, ihamba ngokushesha ebusuku. Sekuvele kuthiwe imbila inenhliziyo eyenele, kepha uma ungeke ukwazi ukuphunyuka kumuntu owenza okubi ngasikhathi sinye, khona-ke angathukuthela futhi amlume, amshaye ngekhala lakhe elide, bese kuphela lapho ezozama ukwenza yonke imizamo yokufihla ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kungaphawulwa ngezinga elithile lokuzethemba ukuthi umlingiswa webheji uzolile. Ngokwakhe akasoze abe ngowokuqala ukucela inkathazo. Isimo salezi zilwane sinobungane kakhulu. I-badger ayithandi ukuhlala yodwa, kodwa nomndeni wayo. Baphila impilo yokuzihlalela, bethanda imbobo yabo, abangasoze bayilahla, ngaphandle kwalapho kunezizathu ezinhle kakhulu zalokhu. Indawo yokukhosela enjalo isebenza njengekhaya lezizukulwane eziningi, into esemqoka ukuthi kukhona ukudla okwanele namanzi. Kubalulekile ukwengeza ukuthi ama-badger yiwona kuphela alala emndenini we-marten ebusika, njengamabhere wangempela.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Baby badger
Ngokwemvelo amaBadger anomfazi oyedwa. Njengoba behlangene ngababili, bangahlala ndawonye kusuka eminyakeni eminingana kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zabo. Insikazi ivuthwa ngeminyaka emibili, kuthi owesilisa asondele esikhathini seminyaka emithathu. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, isikhathi sokuzala senzeka ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Kuma-badger ase-Europe, isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngasekupheleni kobusika kuya kuSepthemba. Isici esithandekayo salezi zilwane sithathwa njengesikhathi eside kakhulu sokukhulelwa. Ingahlala izinyanga eziyi-9-14, konke kuncike esikhathini sokukhulelwa.
Lapho, ekugcineni, le nkathi enzima yabesifazane iphela, kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-6 amabheji azalwa. Ezweni lethu lokhu kwenzeka ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli. Izimbila ezincanyana azivumelanisiwe nhlobo nempilo - ziyizimpumputhe futhi azizwa lutho. Ngenyanga eyodwa nengxenye kuphela, ukuzwa kwabo kubuyela kokujwayelekile, bese bebona. Kuze kube cishe izinyanga ezintathu ubudala, bancela ubisi kunina.
Ngokushesha, amawundlu avuthiwe aqala ukuphuma emgodini wawo bese eqala ukuzondla. Lapho ama-badger enezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, ubukhulu bawo bulingana nezilwane ezindala. Lapho kufika ukwindla, ngayinye yezimbila iqala impilo yayo entsha. Ezimweni zasendle zemvelo, i-badger iphila kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengu-12, futhi ekuthunjweni - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-16.
Izitha zemvelo zebheji
Isithombe: Animal badger
Imbila ihlala buthule nangokuthula, ngakho-ke ayinazitha endle. AmaLynxes alambile, izimpisi, amabhere angavamile angaba yingozi esilwaneni. Kwesinye isikhathi ubhekana nezimpungushe nezinja ze-raccoon. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinja ezijwayelekile eziphambukayo zingaba yingozi kuye.
Isitha esikhulu kuye ngumuntu. Imindeni eminingi yama-badger iyafa lapho umuntu eshintsha indawo yemvelo yezindawo ahlala kuzo. Futhi, abantu bangaqothula ama-badger ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwe ezitshalweni zabo, yize kungabalulekanga kangako. Amafutha ama-badger abaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha, ngenxa yalokho okuzingelwa ama-badgers. Ngesikhathi saso, imingxunya yezimbila ivame ukubhujiswa, futhi lokhu kuholela ekufeni kwesilwane esisodwa, kepha, imindeni eminingana.
Ukufingqa, ungabala uhlu lwezitha ezilandelayo zebheji:
- izimpisi;
- i-lynx;
- impungushe;
- inja ye-raccoon;
- Ibhere elinsundu;
- inja ejwayelekile;
- umuntu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Badger ehlathini
Inani lama-badger okwamanje alisongelwanga. Zisakazeke kabanzi cishe cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Azikho izinsongo ezibalulekile ebukhoneni bazo namuhla. Yize i-badger ibhalwe ku-Red Book, ikhona njengezilwane ezinesongo elincane lokuqothulwa ebusweni bomhlaba. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ikuyo yonke indawo, futhi ubukhulu besibalo salezi zilwane buzinzile impela, akukho ukuqhuma okubukhali okwehla kokuncipha okwabonwa. Yize kulezo zindawo lapho kulinywa khona ngenkuthalo, inani lama-badger lehle kakhulu.
Uboya balezi zilwane abunantshisekelo enkulu kubantu, ngoba unolaka kakhulu. Amabhulashi wokudweba enziwe ngawo. Kepha ngenhloso yokuthola amanoni ama-badger, ukuqothula nokuzingela okusebenzayo kwama-badger kwezinye izindawo kuyaqhubeka. Kodwa-ke, asikho isimo esibucayi sokukhathazeka maqondana nezinombolo zebheji.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukunezela ukuthi isilo esithandekayo njengebheji singabalwa ngabaguquli abangakhathali bemvelo yezilwane zasendle zomhlaba. Imigoqo emikhulu-amadolobha ahlelwa yizimbila ithinta kakhulu isimo senhlabathi nabo bonke abahlali bayo. Ezindaweni lapho ihlala khona ibheji, kungavela nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezintsha ezingakakhuli ngaphambili phambilini. Izimbobo zezimbila ezingenalutho zisebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ephephile nekhaya elithokomele lezinye izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu akanakuhlala engenandaba nalesi silwane esithandekayo, ukubukeka kwakhe kuvusa ukumomotheka, injabulo nobumnene.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 04.02.2019
Idethi yokubuyekeza: 16.09.2019 ngo-17: 08
