Ingwe emhlophe ungomunye wabamele abakhulu bomndeni we-feline. Kuyisilwane esiyingozi esidla inyama esinomzimba oqinile, oguquguqukayo futhi onemisipha. Ubuhlakani nobuhlakani. Isisulu sehlosi cishe alikho ithuba lokusinda. Nokho, amahlosi aqikelela kakhulu ngezinzalo zawo. Baqapha indawo yabo ngokukhathazeka.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: White Tiger
Isilwane esincelisayo esivela ku-oda lama-felines. Umzingeli. Ingeyehlobo lohlobo lwe-Panthera futhi ingomunye wabamele bayo abaqhakaze ngalolu hlobo. Inani lamahlosi lisukela ePleistocene, izinsalela zezilwane ezitholwayo zifinyelela eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-1.82 ubudala. Izinsalela zokuqala zamahlosi asendulo zatholakala esiqhingini saseJava e-Asia. Phambilini, bekukholelwa ukuthi izwe lakwaTigers yiChina, kepha ucwaningo lwakamuva kule ndawo luyiphikisile le mbono. Kanye nezinsalela zamahlosi ezasekupheleni kwesikhathi sePleistocene zatholakala eChina, e-India e-Altai naseSiberia eJapan naseSakhalin.
Ividiyo: Ingwe emhlophe
Ngokuya ngemininingwane yemivubukulo, kuyaziwa ukuthi ihlosi lahlukaniswa nolayini wokhokho eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili edlule. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunamanye amalungu alesi sigaba. Ososayensi bayazi futhi ukuthi okhokho bokuqala bamahlosi babebakhulu kakhulu kunabamele banamuhla balesi sigaba. Ingwe yesimanje emhlophe yatholwa okokuqala ngo-1951.
Umbala wengwe uhlukanisiwe nokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, futhi uyivelakancane kakhulu ezilwaneni zasendle. Le nhlobo isabalale ngokunqamula kwehlosi elimhlophe nensikazi ephuzi. Abazali abanombala ojwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi kuzalwa inzalo emhlophe. Ezweni lesimanje, amahlosi amhlophe ahlala ngempumelelo futhi azalele ezinkulisa nasezu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ingwe emhlophe yezilwane
Ingwe emhlophe yisilwane esikhulu kakhulu futhi esinamandla. Isilwane esiyingozi. Ingwe yesilisa emhlophe inesisindo esisuka ku-180 kuye ku-270 kg, kuya ngokuthi isilwane sihlala kuphi, nendlela yokuphila, isisindo nokuphakama kwesilwane kungaba kukhulu. Kwakukhona abesilisa abanesisindo esifinyelela ku-370 kg. Kuyaziwa ukuthi isilwane esihlala emazwenikazi sikhulu kakhulu kunamahlosi ahlala eziqhingini.
Izici zesakhiwo somzimba wengwe emhlophe:
- Ukuphakama kubuna 1.17 m. Ukuphakama kwamadoda amadala cishe kungu-2.3-2.5 m;
- Amahlosi ezinsikazi amhlophe alula ngesisindo nangosayizi;
- Isisindo sowesifazane omdala singu-100-179 kg. Ukuphakama kusuka ku-1.8 kuye ku-2.2 m;
- Amahlosi anomzimba owakheke kahle wemisipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba emahlosi ithuthuke kakhulu kunengxenye engemuva;
- Ubukhulu besilinganiso senhloko yesilisa esikhulile cishe bungu-210 mm. Amahlosi anezindlebe ezincane, eziyindilinga, nezinwele ezimhlophe ngaphakathi endlebeni;
- I-iris yamehlo mpunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amahlosi abona kahle ebumnyameni.
Njengoba ihlosi liyisilwane esidla inyama, linomhlathi othuthukile onamazinyo abukhali. Ingwe endala inamazinyo angama-30. Ifomula yokutholakala kwamazinyo engwe ingokulandelayo: kusukela ezansi kunemigqomo emikhulu emi-2 nama-incisor ayisithupha, izinyo lomdwebi eli-1 namazinyo ama-premolar amabili. Ngaphezulu kwamazinyo ama-premolar amathathu nomdwebi o-1.
Amahlosi anamazinyo amakhulu athuthukile, ubukhulu bawo obungamasentimitha ayi-9. La mazinyo asiza ukubulala inyamazane futhi adwengule inyama.
Ingubo yamahlosi ifudumele futhi iminyene. Amahlosi ezindaweni ezibandayo anengubo ejiyile. Ikhava iphansi, ijazi limhlophe. Izinwele ziyingcosana. Uboya obumpunga obubhemayo bunemigqa emnyama. Kunemivimbo emnyama ebalelwa ku-100 kuwo wonke umzimba wesilwane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amahlosi amhlophe ayivelakancane, futhi athola umbala wawo ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo.
Ingwe emhlophe ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ngokwesilinganiso, amahlosi ahlala ezilwaneni zasendle kusuka eminyakeni eyi-14 kuya kwengu-17. Kodwa-ke kukhona nabaneminyaka eyikhulu abaphila isikhathi eside. Ezimweni zesigcini, impilo yehlosi isinde iminyaka eminingana.
Ahlala kuphi amahlosi?
Isithombe: Ingwe emhlophe evela eNcwadini Ebomvu
Indawo yokuhlala yengwe emhlophe iyefana neyamanye amahlosi aseBengal. Indawo yemvelo yalolu hlobo yiNyakatho ne-India ephakathi, Nepal. Isifunda semvelo saseTerai Douar. Amabhange eGanges naseBangladesh. Abamele lolu hlobo lohlobo batholakala e-Asia. Kusuka lapho behola khona abantu babo. I-Java Island, Afghanistan, Iran neHindustan.
Amahlosi amhlophe ikakhulukazi ahlala ekuthunjweni, kepha emvelweni lolu hlobo lutholakala ngenani le-1 kuma-tiger ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi anombala ojwayelekile.
Idlani ingwe emhlophe?
Isithombe: Ingwe emhlophe yezilwane engajwayelekile
Ingwe iyisilwane esidla inyama, futhi ukudla kwamakati amakhulu ngokuyinhloko kuqukethe inyama. Amahlosi amhlophe athanda ukuzitika ngezilwane ezinezinselo.
Izisulu ezinkulu zamahlosi yilezi:
- izinyamazane;
- izinyamazane ze-roe;
- izingulube zasendle;
- i-moose;
- ama-tapir;
- izinyamazane ze-musk.
Futhi, amahlosi kwesinye isikhathi angadla izinyoni. Ngokuvamile lawa angama-pheasants nama-partridges, ama-hares amancane we-herbivorous nezinye izilwane. Futhi-ke, lonke ikati liyazithanda izinhlanzi. Amahlosi awawesabi amanzi futhi ayakujabulela ukubamba inyamazane kuwo. Amahlosi amhlophe achitha isikhathi esiningi ezingela.
Ehlobo, ihlosi lingahlala licathama isikhathi eside impela, lilandelele inyamazane eliyibambile. Ihlosi liyisilwane esicocekile futhi esinobuqili, lifika esilwaneni salo ngezinyathelo ezincane nezicocekile. Ukuzingelwa kungena kusuka ohlangothini lwe-leeward, ukuze isisulu singakwazi ukuhogela. Ngemuva kokuzethemba ukuthi isisulu asikwazi ukubaleka ngokugxuma okumbalwa, umhlaseli uyasondela isisulu.
Ingwe yezilwane ezincane ingumshini wangempela wokufa. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukubalekela kuye. Amahlosi ayashesha futhi ashesha. Ngesikhathi begijima, ijubane labo lingu-60 km / h. Ngemuva kokudlula isisulu, ihlosi liyiphonsa phansi bese liphula intamo nomgogodla. Ihlosi bese liphatha lesi silwane esifile ngamazinyo lisise emgodini waso, lapho lisidabula khona ngeminwe.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: White Tiger
Amahlosi amadala ayizilwane ezinolaka eziqaphe ngokuqapha izindawo zawo futhi angavumeli abantu angabazi ukuthi bangene ezintweni zabo. Amahlosi amaka impahla yawo ngokushiya omaka bomchamo yonke indawo ezihlahleni, ezihlahleni, emadwaleni. Amahlosi angamaduna ahlala futhi azingela yedwa. Ngemuva kokuzwa umuntu ongamazi endaweni yakhe, owesilisa uzosabela kuye ngolaka olukhulu, futhi azozama ukuxosha umfokazi ngaphandle kwensimu. Ngaphandle kwamanye amahlosi, ihlosi alisenabo abancintisana nabo phakathi kwezidliwayo.
Amahlosi amancane ahlala wodwa kuze kufike isikhathi sokuzala. Amahlosi anesithembu. Futhi kowesifazane oyedwa kukhona owesilisa oyedwa. Amahlosi ayizilwane zomndeni impela. Bakhathazeka ngenzalo yabo, bakha umhume, banakekele inzalo yabo. Abesifazane nabazalayo bayazingelwa futhi bavikelwe.
Amahlosi nawo anolaka kubantu. Ukuhlangana nendoda enengwe emvelweni kusho ukufa okuthile. Eziqiwini zemvelo nakuma-zoo, izilwane azinolaka kangako futhi zivumela abantu ukuthi bazinakekele. Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-Tiger kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyingozi. Ingwe isilwane sasendle futhi ukufuywa kwalolu hlobo cishe akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, eMelika, kusekhona amacala amahlosi ahlala ezindlini, kepha lezi kaningi ziyinzalo yezilwane zamasekisi, ezinabazali asebevele bejwayele abantu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: White Tiger Cub
Amahlosi ahlala wodwa futhi ahlangana emindenini ngenkathi yokuzalanisa. Siqukethe owesilisa nowesifazane. Imvamisa, owesilisa uxosha owesifazana, ekhombisa nge-grimace eqondile ukuthi ukulungele ukukhwelana. Kepha iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane ngokwabo beza kwabesilisa akuvamile. Uma abesilisa abaningana befaka isicelo sowesifazane oyedwa, kuba nokulwa phakathi kwabo. Impi ingaphela ngokufa kwesinye sezilwane. Onamandla uthola owesifazane.
Amahlosi ahlangana izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngoDisemba noma ngoJanuwari. Yize imvamisa ayincikile kusizini. Indoda iyabona ukuthi insikazi isilungele ukukhwelwa ngephunga lomchamo wowesifazane. Ukukhwelana kwenzeka kaningana. Ingwe encane yensikazi emhlophe izala udoti wayo wokuqala ineminyaka cishe engama-4. Ngokuvamile, ingane yesibili izalwa ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa. Ukukhulelwa kwengwe yesifazane kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-103.
Isikhathi eside, i-tigress ihlela umhume wayo ukuze kuzalwe amawundlu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphephe ngokuphelele. Ngempela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-tigress izohamba izingela, ishiye amawundlu emgodini. Kudoti owodwa, kuzalwa amawundlu amathathu noma amane. Amawundlu abonakala engaboni, futhi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala ondliwa ngobisi lukamama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nazo ziqala ukuyokuzingela nomama wazo.
Amahlosi amhlophe awavamile ukuzalwa, bobabili abazali be-heterozygous orange abanokhokho abamhlophe banamathuba angama-25% okuthola inzalo emhlophe. Inzalo lapho omunye umzali emhlophe, kanti omunye ephuzi, kungaba mhlophe, noma mhlawumbe kuphuzi. Amathuba okuzalwa kwengwe emhlophe angama-50%.
Izitha zemvelo zamahlosi amhlophe
Isithombe: I-White Tiger Red Book
Njengoba i-White Tiger iyisilwane esikhulu futhi esiyingozi, inezitha ezimbalwa.
Izitha zemvelo zengwe emhlophe zifaka:
- Izindlovu. Indlovu inganyathela ingwe, yize izindlovu zingazizwa zinolaka kulezi zilwane futhi zikwazi ukuhlala ngokuthula eduze. Indlovu ihlasela ihlosi kuphela lapho isaba, izwa ingozi, noma ithole umyalo ovela kumuntu. ENdiya, abantu babevame ukuzingela amahlosi ezindlovu. Ukubulala izingwe ngezikhali. Kwakuwuhlobo oluphephe kakhulu lokuzingela abantu.
- Amabhere ansundu. Ibhere elinsundu alivamisile ukubhekana nengwe enkulu esekhulile, futhi ngokufanayo, amabhere abulawa yingwe ngokuvamile atholakala. Kepha ukukhula okuntekenteke noma ibhere lensikazi elibuthakathaka liyakwazi ukubulala.
- Umuntu. Ingozi enkulu kumahlosi ivela kubantu. Ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zemvelo zezilwane ngabantu. Ngokwakha amadolobha ngokususa ihlathi namahlathi Ukwehla kwenani labantu kubangelwe kakhulu ukuzingelwa kwamahlosi. Umuthi waseChina usebenzisa amazinyo, izitho, nezicubu zamahlosi. Futhi futhi izikhumba zezilwane eziyigugu ziwumhlobiso emakhaya acebile, njengezilwane ezifakiwe. Isikhathi eside eNdiya, ukuzingelwa kwamahlosi ngekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwakukukhulu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ingwe emhlophe yezilwane
Inani lamahlosi lehla ngokushesha njalo ngonyaka. Kunabantu abangu-6,470 kuphela emhlabeni jikelele. Amahlosi ama-Amur angabantu abangama-400 kuphela. Amahlosi amhlophe ayivelakancane futhi asengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zemvelo, ukwakhiwa kwamadolobha nemigwaqo kuholela ekutheni isibalo samahlosi amhlophe siyancipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzingela nokuzingela ngokungemthetho kudale umonakalo ongalungiseki kubantu behlosi emhlabeni jikelele.
Izinhlobo zamahlosi amhlophe abhalwe kuRed Book, ukubamba nokuzingela amahlosi akuvunyelwe. Isimo sezinhlobo ze-Red Data Book "yizilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa" Amahlosi amhlophe avikelwe ngokucophelela kuwo wonke amazwe futhi ukuzingelwa kwawo akuvunyelwe.
Ukuvikela amahlosi amhlophe
Isithombe: Ingwe emhlophe evela eNcwadini Ebomvu
Ukonga izinhlobo ezisengcupheni yokushabalala zeWhite Tigers, kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kokuzingelwa kwamahlosi kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo sekuqalisiwe. Amahlosi amhlophe avikelwe ngokukhethekile emhlabeni jikelele. ENdiya, amahlosi amhlophe ayigugu lesizwe. Ukuzingela amahlosi emhlabeni wanamuhla kwenziwa kuphela ngabazingeli abangekho emthethweni futhi kushushiswa. Ukubulala amahlosi kujeziswa ngumthetho futhi kujeziswa ngokuhlawuliswa nokuboshwa.
- Ukuhlelwa kwezinqolobane. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amahlosi amhlophe ikakhulukazi ahlala eziqiwini. Izazi zezilwane zisiza ukugcina inani lalezi zinhlobo ngokuwela amahlosi amhlophe anezingwe ezinombala ojwayelekile. Eziqiwini, izilwane ziphila kamnandi futhi ziyakwazi ukuzala. Cishe bonke abamele lolu hlobo, abangagcinwa eziqiwini, banokhokho oyedwa. Leli yingwe emhlophe egama linguMohan. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inzalo yayithuthwa iye eziqiwini emhlabeni wonke, lapho futhi yazala khona abantwana abamhlophe.
- Izinhlelo zokulandela umsakazo nezokulandela izilwane. Le ndlela yokulandela izilwane isetshenziselwa ukugcina isilwane siphephile nokuqonda kangcono imikhuba yezilwane kanye nokufunda ngokuziphatha kwengwe endaweni yayo yemvelo. Ikhola elinomkhondo okhethekile odlulisa isignali ye-GPS lifakwa esilwaneni. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angalandelela indawo yesilwane. Isiza ukulandelela impilo yesilwane nokuvikela izifo ezinzima phakathi kwezilwane. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu.
Ingwe emhlophe iyisimangaliso sangempela semvelo. Kuyingozi, kepha njengoba isikhathi sikhombisile, isilwane esisengozini kakhulu. Ingwe emhlophe ngaphandle kokusekelwa ngumuntu, ingavele inyamalale ebusweni bomhlaba kungakapheli amashumi eminyaka, yingakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuvikela imvelo nokuxhasa inani lamahlosi. Ake sisindise lesi silwane emhlabeni ukuze sisizukulwane esisha.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 23.01.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 17.09.2019 ngo-12: 18
